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Biomedical subjects

J Marimbu

Publications and source records attributed to J Marimbu.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Environment and malaria in Burundi. Apropos of a malaria epidemic in a non-endemic mountainous region].

In March 1991, an unusual increase of the consultations for fever and/or cephalgias was reported by the Health Centre of Muhanga. At the same time, the administrative authorities worried about the increase of death registration in some hills, located around the big swamp of Ruvubu, and next to this Health Centre. In this area, hypoendemic for malaria, the epidemic was belatedly recognized, entailing a gross death rate between 25.6 and 31.5/1000 person/year in 1991, in the three most hit hill-areas whereas this rate is 18/1000 person/year for the national level. The initiation of the epidemic was favoured by the set up of Anopheles funestus and gambiae because of the modification of the hydro-agricultural milieu at high altitude, due to the extension of the ricefields and piscicultural ponds. Otherwise, there was a light rise of the medium temperature in this area in March 1991. In a non-immune population, the bouts of malaria were severe, especially in the age group from 0 to 4 years and in the pregnant women. By modifying the environment, the leaders of socio-economic development programs must consider the consequences on the population's health and to make the health employees a partner in.

Altitude↗
PubMed1988

[Comparison of plasma levels of amoxicillin administered by oral and intravenous routes in neonatal bacterial colonization].

Twenty-one full-term neonates who had a diagnosis of bacterial colonization were randomly assigned to receive amoxicillin 40 mg.kg-1 every 12 hours by either IV or oral route. Plasma levels of amoxicillin were assayed by HPLC at 0.5 (H0.5), 2 (H2), 6 (H6), 9 (H9) hours after the amoxicillin dose for both administration routes and also at the end of the infusion for the IV route. Average levels of plasma amoxicillin with IV and oral routes were not different except at H0.5 where they were higher with the IV route. With oral route Cmax was measured at H2 (6 times) or H6 (4 times). At the end of the infusion, plasma levels were between 55 and 154 mg.l-1 (81 +/- 32 mg.l-1). They decreased quickly so half life of amoxicillin by IV route was between 1.79 and 8.9 hs (4.28 +/- 2.4 hs). They were always above MIC for germs encountered in neonates except at H9 twice with IV and once with oral route. Pharmacokinetic data of this study allow to use oral route for amoxicillin for bacterial colonization in neonates: this administration route could also be proposed in infections following IV route as soon as hemodynamic and gastrointestinal conditions permit. The efficacy of such an attitude could be evaluated by a clinical trial.

Administration, Oral↗