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Biomedical subjects

J Martin

Publications and source records attributed to J Martin.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Necrotizing lymphadenitis. A study of 30 cases.

Thirty patients with necrotizing lymph-adenitis, a disorder initially described in Japan and commonly misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma, have been studied, in addition, stains for immunologic markers were performed. The patients included 21 United States residents and most commonly were young women with a subacute illness characterized by persistent, painless cervical adenopathy with or without fever. The excised lymph nodes were moderately enlarged and typically showed focal, well-circumscribed, paracortical, necrotizing lesions, and abundant karyorrhectic debris, scattered fibrin deposits, aggregates of large mononuclear cells, and a paucity of plasma cells and neutrophils. Immunohistochemical stains on frozen tissue sections were positive for 63D3 and Leu-2a, indicating an admixture of of histiocytes/macrophages and cytotoxic/suppressor T-lymphocytes in the necrotizing lesions. The etiology of necrotizing lymphadenitis and its distinction from other causes of reactive lymphadenitis are discussed. To our knowledge, this disorder has not previously been reported in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Prevention of gastroduodenal complications in coronary surgery. Usefulness of preoperative fiberoscopy].

Fiberoscopic examination of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum was carried out in 60 coronary disease patients prior to aorto-coronary bypass. Lesions of the upper digestive tract were detected in one-third of the patients; half of them were asymptomatic. The management of these cases depended upon the urgency of the cardiovascular operation. In 17 cases, a 1-month treatment of the digestive lesions with antacids and cimetidine was instituted immediately after fiberoscopy, and revascularization was performed 8 days later. In 3 cases, the cardiovascular operation was postponed; after 1 month of treatment only one patient had active lesions on control fiberoscopy and had to undergo digestive surgery prior to aorto-coronary bypass. No gastroduodenal complications of cardiovascular surgery was observed in this series.

Antacids↗
PubMed1982

[Technical equipment in the offices of practicing physicians in Vaud and Fribourg].

In the framework of health services research sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation, a survey by questionnaire was undertaken among the practicing physicians in two Swiss cantons, Vaud and Fribourg (total population 700,000), in order to gather information on their personal and professional characteristics (including type of medical activity, personnel employed, and equipment). Out of 1121 physicians concerned, 60% answered. (The respondent group is representative for the relevant parameters.) This article presents the findings regarding the medico-technical equipment doctors have in their offices and gives also indications on the relationship between the presence of equipment and the auxiliary personnel employed. General practitioners and internal medicine specialists are usually equipped for laboratory analyses, with a photometer (69% of them) or more simply (24%), for X-rays (47% for chest and skeleton radiography, 22% with radioscopy); they also generally have an ECG apparatus (81%) and one or several physiotherapy appliances (52% of them). 42% of the generalists and 22% of the internists have all those four types of equipment. Rates of availability are much lower among other medical specialties. Pediatricians in particular are clearly less equipped technically than the other groups of primary care physicians. Surgeons are often well equipped for physiotherapy. The differences according to physician age are examined; this shows that younger generations are not much more equipped than older ones. The devices which we regrouped as "other diagnostic equipment" however tend to replace radioscopy in the equipment of younger physicians. These results constitute a new contribution to the knowledge on the ambulatory medical care system in Switzerland and should be useful in the present discussions on the medical coverage of the country.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Profile of public health nurses in the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg. Nearly 130 nurses participated in a study of the National Research Program No. 8].

130 nurses from the public health nursing services in the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg (total population 700,000) participated in March 1981 in a study of their activity. At this occasion, some of their personal and professional characteristics were recorded and are analyzed in this paper. Differences appear depending on the home care service, the area of work (urban or predominantly rural), and the canton. It is seen that, in general, urban services employ younger nurses. (About 70% are between 20 and 40 years of age.) A large majority (around 90%) of the nurses working as PHN have their basic training in general nursing care (as compared with MCH or psychiatric), and over 50% have completed post-basic public health nursing training. 38% of them work part-time. A third have been with their present employer for one year or less, a third between one and five years, a third over five years.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1982

[Consultations on adolescents in medical practice: a study of ambulatory care in 2 Swiss cantons].

Based on the data of a NAMCS type survey undertaken in two Swiss cantons, Vaud and Fribourg, in early 1981 (in the framework of a programme of the Swiss National Science Foundation), in which 205 physicians participated, a study was made to better delineate the characteristics of medical visits by adolescents (10 to 19 years of age). The sample used includes data of over 6000 physician visits. (Every seventh visit was recorded.) It was found that, in general, adolescents consult less often than either children or adults. They see more frequently a doctor whom they did not know before (p less than .001). General practitioners are their main source of care, pediatricians playing only, especially for teenagers over 15 years of age, a very limited role. The most frequent reasons for the visit are ENT and respiratory affections, then skin and musculo-skeletal problems. A psychiatric diagnosis is only rarely given. As compared with children and adults, adolescents show a high rate of short visits (less than 5 minutes - p less than .001) and a low rate of visits including therapeutic counseling/exchange (p less than .05). This trend is more marked in the pediatricians' visits than in the general practitioners' (p less than .001). These results illustrate the difficulty teenagers experience in deciding whether and where to go to a doctor on the one hand and, on the other hand, the difficulty physicians have in adequately addressing their demand. Information about youth's health needs should be intensified among the medical profession as well as among the adolescents themselves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Characteristics of public health nursing care according to the age of the patients. Analysis of data gathered in the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg (Switzerland)].

This is a descriptive presentation according to patient age (between 41 and 100 years of age) of data collected during an activity study among 130 public health nurses in two Swiss cantons (total population 700,000). Are increasing with age the proportions of home visits (as compared with health center visits), of requests for care coming from the family (rather than the patient), of basic nursing care (hygiene, mobilization) as the major motive for the care request, the number of basic care acts performed and of technical acts such as bladder care (catheter, instillation). Conversely, characteristics the frequency of which decreases with age are for example some technical acts such as injections and taking of blood samples, and proportion of visits after which no control is planned. Elements for which proportions remain similar across the five age groups considered include initial care request by a physician or a hospital, technical nursing acts as the major reason for the request, most of the activities called "help, detection/case study and prevention", and the referral rate to a physician. These results represent a general picture of the observed trends, which will be studied in detail elsewhere.

Adult↗