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Biomedical subjects

J Matheson

Publications and source records attributed to J Matheson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Multifactor behavioral treatment of chronic sleep-onset insomnia using stimulus control and the relaxation response. A preliminary study.

Sleep latency changes following behavioral interventions for sleep-onset insomnia are only moderate because the majority of insomniacs do not achieve good sleeper status at posttreatment. This study evaluated the efficacy of a multifactor behavior intervention consisting of stimulus control and relaxation-response training (n = 10) compared to stimulus control alone (n = 10) for sleep-onset insomnia. Only the multifactor subjects' mean posttest sleep latency fell within the good sleeper range. They also exhibited a 77% improvement on mean sleep-onset latency compared to the stimulus control group (63%). Thus a multifactor intervention may be more effective than stimulus control alone for treatment of sleep-onset insomnia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Amygdalo-hippocampectomy for pathological aggression.

Two patients are reported, one with severe brain damage and epilepsy, and the other with limbic epilepsy, who were treated with unilateral microsurgical amygdalo-hippocampectomy for the control of rage and aggression. Both had significant improvement in their aggressiveness, and the second patient also improved in the frequency of his seizures and psychotic episodes. The significance of these observations for our understanding of the morphophysiological basis of rage and aggression is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome). A case report.

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare genodermatosis with multiple manifestations affecting the skeletal, ocular, dental, and other tissues. More than 95% of reported cases occur in females, and more than 60% of reported cases involve some dental abnormality. A brief review of the literature and a case in a 7-year-old girl with the disease are presented.

Anodontia↗
PubMed1991

Physiological analysis of simple rapid movements in patients with cerebellar deficits.

Patients with cerebellar deficits made elbow flexion movements as rapidly as possible for three different angular distances. Electromyographic activity of biceps and triceps and the kinematics of the movements were analysed. Results were compared with those of normal subjects making both rapid and slow movements. In the patients, the first agonist burst of the biceps was frequently prolonged regardless of the distance or speed of the movement. The most striking kinematic abnormality was prolonged acceleration time. The pattern of acceleration time exceeding deceleration time was common in patients but uncommon in normal subjects. The best kinematic correlate of the duration of the first agonist burst was acceleration time. Altered production of appropriate acceleration may therefore be an important abnormality in cerebellar dysfunction for attempted rapid voluntary movements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Selection criteria for surgery in patients with refractory epilepsy.

Between February 1983 and August 1986, 53 patients underwent inpatient evaluation at the Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince Henry Hospital to determine their suitability for epilepsy surgery. The patients were first continuously monitored with a video camera during surface and sphenoidal electrode telemetry. During this phase, clinical, radiological, neuropsychological and psychosocial evaluations were performed and intracarotid sodium amylobarbitone injections were used to lateralise language and memory function. Following this evaluation, 30 patients were considered not suitable for further investigation. Six patients were able to have definitive surgery without further evaluation while 17 required depth electrode studies. These patients had flexible wires inserted into their frontal and temporal lobes under stereotactic guidance and video recording and depth electrode telemetry was continued until typical seizures were characterised. These studies led to a further 9 operations; one patient was suitable for operation but deferred surgery. When the original 53 patients were classified according to seizure type, the outcome was as follows. 1. Twelve patients had classical complex partial seizures (CPSs) only and 5 of these had temporal lobe surgery. 2. Five had CPSs with motor accompaniments and 3 of these had temporal lobe surgery. 3. Seven had CPSs and generalised seizures; one had temporal lobe and another frontal lobe surgery. 4. Four had partial simple seizures with secondary generalisation and 3 had cortical excisions (2 frontal, 1 occipital lobe) surgery. 5. Twenty-two patients had mixed seizure disorder; one had lesion excision and one had corpus callosum section in 2 stages. 6. Three patients were non-epileptic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Failure to confirm a correlation between electromyogram and final position.

Attempts were made to correlate angular position of the elbow with integrated electromyographic activity of biceps and triceps. Five conditions were studied: isometric co-contraction and immediately after fast flexion, slow flexion, fast extension and slow extension movements. Neither activity of biceps, activity of triceps or the ratio of activities correlated with any of four different angles for these five conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

An enzyme-linked immunoassay for thyroid microsomal antibodies.

An enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for microsomal antibody is described. The method was found to be rapid, sensitive and precise and analysis of 115 serum samples showed good correlation between the ELISA and the conventional tanned red cell haemagglutination test. The presence of thyroglobulin antibody, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear factor or gastric parietal cell antibodies did not interfere in the microsomal antibody ELISA but some sera with mitochondrial antibody activity appeared to cause a non-specific effect. The ELISA was particularly useful for analysing microsomal antibody production by Hashimoto lymphocyte cultures and in some cases antibody synthesis could be studied in the absence of mitogen. The high capacity of the ELISA combined with its sensitivity suggest that it will be a valuable technique for studying microsomal autoantibody activity both in serum and in lymphocyte cultures.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Retrospective survey of neurotraumatic admissions to a teaching hospital: comparison of data on spinal injuries after 10 to 16 years.

A retrospective survey of 202 patients with spine and cord injuries who were treated in the Prince Henry Hospital and the Prince of Wales Hospital from January, 1960, to December, 1965, was published in 1968. Ten years later, 98 patients with spine and cord injuries who were admitted over a two-year period (January, 1975, to December, 1976) were similarly studied. The data of the two surveys were compared, and changes in clinical and epidemiological features were evaluated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of the chloride electrode and gravimetric chloride titration sweat tests.

The chloride electrode sweat test and gravimetric chloride titration technic are compared. The two technics gave comparable mean values, ogives, equivalent points, and overlap for patients with cystic fibrosis and healthy subjects. As a single test with either technic has an unacceptable risk for false-positive or false-negative results, tests should always be done in pairs. A statistical interpretation technic based on prevalence and technical variability of the two tests will decrease the number of undiagnosed subjects and will define probability of cystic fibrosis in the undiagnosed group.

Chlorides↗
PubMed1979

Spinal cord tumours in the elderly.

Spinal cord tumours in patients over 65 years of age are mostly due to metastatic lesions when maximum deficit occurs within eight weeks. Benign tumours have a more chronic progressing course, are mostly in the thoracic region and, unlike younger patients, are overwhelmingly meningiomas. Although uncommon, benign spinal cord tumours should be recognised as a cause of gait deterioration in the elderly patient, as they responde well to surgery.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bumetanide-induced diuresis and natriuresis: effect of prostaglandin synthetase inhibition.

The effects on the renal actions of bumetanide of two inhibitors of prostaglandin synthetase, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and indomethacin, were studied in eight normal adults. Indomethacin alone resulted in a significant decrease in FENa compared to the control period. Bumetanide alone resulted in increases in urine volume, FENa, and plasma renin activity. Both ASA and indomethacin blunted the increases in urine volume and sodium excretion, although the inhibition by indomethacin was greater than that of ASA. In addition, indomethacin completely inhibited the bumetanide-induced increase in plasma renin activity. No consistent relationship between these effects and urinary prostaglandin E2 or F excretion was noted. These studies indicate that prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors may interfere with the effects of bumetanide.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contrast harmonic ultrasound of spontaneous liver nodules in 32 dogs.

Thirty-two dogs with spontaneous hepatic nodules were given intravenous ultrasound contrast medium (Definity or Sonovue) and imaged with contrast harmonic software on a conventional ultrasound machine system. Digital video images were initially reviewed to describe the perfusion pattern of malignant nodules. The images were reviewed again to test this pattern against all individual nodules. Subjectively, there was improved conspicuity of malignant nodules after contrast enhancement compared with conventional imaging and increased numbers of malignant nodules were often noted. There was decreased conspicuity of benign nodules and no additional nodules were seen after contrast enhancement. There was a highly significant (P < 0.0001) association of malignancy with a hypoechoic nodule at surrounding normal liver peak contrast enhancement. Benign nodules were isoechoic to the surrounding normal liver at peak contrast enhancement. Only one benign nodule (hepatoma) had regions of hypoechogenicity compared with the surrounding normal liver at peak liver contrast enhancement. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were highly significant (P < 0.0001) (100%, 94.1%, 93.8%, 100%, and 96.9%, respectively). No complications or morbidity was noted throughout the course of the study. Contrast harmonic ultrasound appears to be accurate at discriminating between naturally occurring benign and malignant nodules in the liver of dogs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Suicide prevention and intervention with young people in foster care in Canada.

Given the history of turmoil in their lives, foster children and young people coming into care are particularly at risk of suicide. Whether a crisis is successfully prevented, or treated and transcended, depends upon the ability of foster parents and agency staff members to understand the nature of the situation and to work together in dealing with it.

Adolescent↗