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Biomedical subjects

J Matos

Publications and source records attributed to J Matos.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Maternal nutritional status and adolescent pregnancy outcome.

To investigate the determinants of low birth weight of infants born to adolescent mothers, we studied the obstetric population attended at the Maternity Hospital of Lima, Peru. From this population we selected for study a sample of 1256 adolescent mothers ranging in age from 12 to 25 yr. The study included anthropometric and biochemical measurements used to evaluate nutritional status and physiological maturity of the mother and newborn. Findings from the present research indicate that the low birth weight of infants born to adolescent mothers is not due to premature delivery (short gestation) or low gynecological maturity. Furthermore, young adolescent mothers had smaller and thinner newborns than those born to older women who were adjusted for nutritional status during pregnancy and at delivery. That is, despite the similar nutritional status among the young adolescent mothers, the availability of nutrients for the accumulation of calories in the fetus (measured by skinfold thickness) was less than that of older women. Furthermore, the pregnancy weight gain associated with an optimal or average newborn weight is greater for young teenagers than for older women. These findings support the hypothesis that among rapidly growing teenagers the nutritional requirements of pregnancy may be greater than those of older women, and that this increased requirement competes with the growth needs of the fetus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Intracardiac electrode detection of early or subendocardial ischemia.

Subendocardial and early transmural ischemia may have significant clinical consequences while manifesting few ECG changes. Catheters were designed to be introduced transvenously into the right ventricle (RV), and coronary sinus (CS) and transarterially into the left ventricle (LV). The intracavitary electrodes were modified so that the electrodes would not contact the endocardium. In twenty-two dogs ninety-eight graded stenoses of the circumflex and left anterior descending coronary arteries were performed while electrograms (EGM) were recorded simultaneously from the intracardiac (IC) electrodes and surface ECG. Of those stenoses resulting in only nonspecific ECG changes, there were specific ischemic changes on 100% of LV, 60% of RV, and 89% of CS electrograms. Of those stenoses which resulted in no ECG change, there were specific ischemic changes in the 9/31 (29%) of LV, 3/31 (10%) of RV, and 6/31 (19%) of CS electrograms. Recognizable patterns of change occur on the intracardiac electrograms in response to both stenosis and reperfusion, earlier than any change on the ECG. Besides being more sensitive, intracardiac electrodes allowed for the detection of ischemia even in the presence of intraventricular conduction defects, strain patterns, and possibly other situations which might otherwise mask ischemic changes on the ECG.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Influence of maternal nutritional status on prenatal growth in a Peruvian urban population.

Anthropometric measurements were made on 4,952 mothers and their neonates from a Peruvian urban population. Based on age-specific percentiles, the mothers were separated into categories of short and tall stature, high and low fat, and high and low muscle. The study indicates that: (1) tall and short mothers characterized by similar subcutaneous fat and upper arm muscle area (whether high or low) had newborns with similar birth weight and recumbent length; (2) mothers characterized by high subcutaneous fat had heavier and fatter, but not longer, newborns than mothers with low subcutaneous fat; (3) mothers characterized by high upper arm muscle area had heavier, leaner and longer newborns than mothers with low upper arm muscle area; (4) mothers characterized by high muscle and high fat had heavier and longer newborns than mothers with high muscle and low fat; but (5) mothers characterized by high muscle and low fat had heavier and longer newborns than mothers with low muscle and high fat. Considering that subcutaneous fat and arm muscle area reflect calorie and protein reserves respectively, it is concluded that an increase in maternal calorie reserves results in increased infant fatness, but a lesser increase in linear growth. In contrast, an increase in maternal protein reserves does enhance both birth weight and prenatal linear growth.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1977

Newborn body compositon and its relationship to linear growth.

Anthropometric measurements were made on 4,952 newborns from a Peruvian urgan population. Newborns characterized by high subcutaneous fat and high muscle had significantly greater birth weights and recumbent lengths when compared to their counterparts with low subcutaneous fat and muscle. Similarly, newborns characterized by high muscle and low fat had significantly greater birth weights and recumbent lengths that newborns characterized by low muscle and high fat. It is postulated that an increase in newborn protein and calorie reserves results in a greater increase in birth weight and recumbent length than an increase in calorie reserves alone. Evaluations of maternal antropometric characteristics indicate that variations in birth weight and recumbent length of the newborn are affected more by maternal nutritional status than by maternal stature.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human papillomavirus testing as an optional screening tool in low-resource settings of Latin America: experience from the Latin American Screening study.

Hybrid capture II (HC II) test for oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) was carried out in a cohort of 4284 women at their first clinical visit. Overall prevalence of HPV was 17.1%, decreasing with age from 33.9% among women below 20 years to only 11.0% among those older than 41 years. HPV prevalence was significantly higher among current smokers (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31; 95% CI 1.1-1.6), in women with two or more lifetime sexual partners (OR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.6-2.4), and those women with two or more sexual partners during the past 12 months prior to examination (OR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.2-2.2). HPV detection increased in parallel with increasing cytologic abnormality, being highest in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (P= 0.001). Specificity of the HPV test in detecting histologically confirmed cervical disease was 85% (95% CI 83.9-86.1). Sensitivity of the HPV test in detecting histologic abnormalities increased in parallel with disease severity, ranging from 51.5% for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 to 96.5% for CIN 3 and 100.0% for cancer, with respective decline of positive predictive value. These data suggest that HPV testing with HC II assay might be a viable screening tool among this population with relatively high prevalence of cervical disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparing PAP smear cytology, aided visual inspection, screening colposcopy, cervicography and HPV testing as optional screening tools in Latin America. Study design and baseline data of the LAMS study.

OBJECTIVES: This is a European Commission (EC)-funded ongoing study known as the LAMS (Latin American Screening) study, where PAP smear/liquid-based cytology and screening colposcopy were compared with i) three optional screening tools [visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), or Lugol's iodine (VILI), cervicography] and with ii) Hybrid Capture II from a) conventional samples and from b) self-samples, in women at different risk for cervical cancer in Brazil and Argentina. STUDY DESIGN: During 2002-2003, a cohort of 12,107 women attending four clinics: Campinas (CA), Sao Paulo (SP), Porto Alegre (PA) and Buenos Aires (BA), were interviewed for risk factors, and examined using the 8 diagnostic arms. Colposcopy was performed for women positive in any test and for 5% of women with baseline PAP-negative and 20% of HCII-negatives. All high-grade lesions (CIN2/3) were treated, and low-grade CIN are prospectively followed-up. RESULTS: Of the 12,107 women, the following baseline data are available: epidemiological data (n=11,996), conventional PAP smears (n=10,363), LBC, SurePATH (n=320), LBC, DNA-Citoliq (n=1,346), VIA (n=12.067), VILI (n=3,061), cervicography (n=279), screening colposcopy (n=3,437), HCII conventional (n=4,710), HCII self-sampling (n=246) and cervical biopsies (n=1,524). The four sub-cohorts differ significantly in all their baseline data on the implicated risk factors of cervical cancer, consonant with their origin from regions with different cancer incidence. Around 95% of all PAP smears were negative, with slight variations in the prevalence of LSIL and HSIL between the four centers. Significant differences were found in the detection rates of abnormal findings in VIA, VILI and colposcopy between the four centers (p=0.0001). The prevalence of HPV was practically identical (16.5-18.8%) in all four cohorts (p=0.486), with no differences in the relative viral loads. Biopsy results were different depending on whether the women underwent screening colposcopy (BA) or elective colposcopy (others). CONCLUSION: Four cohorts with significantly different baseline data are available, and prospective follow-up of these women permits analysis of whether variations in cervical cancer incidence in these regions is due to i) different natural history of the precursor lesions, or ii) due to different levels of exposure to the known risk factors.

Adult↗