Biomedical subjects

J McAdams

Publications and source records attributed to J McAdams.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Immunoglobulin M and C1q mesangial labeling in IgA nephropathy.

Colabeling with complement compont C1q or immunoglobulin M (IgM) is occasionally reported in biopsy specimens from patients with IgA nephropathy. The significance of this finding has been questioned. In 83 children and young adults with otherwise typical IgA nephropathy, 15 patients had more than trace mesangial labeling for IgM or C1q. Of these, 14 patients (93%) had greater than 1 + proteinuria at the time of biopsy. This was in marked distinction to the patients with no mesangial labeling for these reactants, only 15% of whom had greater than 1 + proteinuria. The children with IgM or C1q colabel did not differ from those lacking this finding in age at presentation, length of follow-up, or current renal function. In childhood IgA nephropathy, colabeling with IgM or C1q is seen frequently, probably is a function of heavy proteinuria at the time of biopsy, and does not contribute adversely to outcome.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Stocker/feeder cattle standardized performance analysis.

The Standardized Performance Analysis (SPA) for stocker/feed cattle is a recommended set of production and financial performance analysis guidelines developed specifically for the grazing, growing, and finishing phases of beef cattle production. Guidelines were developed by members of the National Cattlemen's Association (NCA), Extension Specialists, and the National Integrated Resource Management Coordination Committee to provide beef cattle producers with a comprehensive, standardized means of measuring, analyzing, and reporting the performance and profitability of an operation. This article describes and illustrates through an example the performance measures chosen. The NCA certifies software and education materials conforming to the Stocker/Feeder Guidelines.

Agriculture↗

PubMed1987

Comparison of the analgesic efficacy and safety oral ciramadol, codeine, and placebo in patients with chronic cancer pain.

Ciramadol is a new opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic with low potential for dependency. Forty-three patients with moderate to severe chronic pain from primary or metastatic malignancy of the bone or major organs were enrolled in a randomized double-blind study that compared orally administered ciramadol (30 mg or 90 mg) to codeine (60 mg) and placebo. A single-dose, four-way crossover design, with a randomized Latin-square treatment sequence, was used. Data for 40 patients who received the above four study medications were included in the final statistical analysis of efficacy. Analgesic efficacy was measured at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 hours, using standard visual and verbal pain relief and pain intensity scales. All active therapies provided greater pain relief than placebo (P less than .05). Ciramadol 30 mg and codeine 60 mg demonstrated equal analgesic activity, whereas ciramadol 90 mg was superior to both therapies. The predominant adverse experiences associated with ciramadol were nausea and drowsiness, which were apparently not dose related. Ciramadol appears to be an effective analgesic at the doses tested, with tolerable gastrointestinal central nervous system side effects at both the 30-and 90-mg dose levels.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Comparison of intramuscular dezocine with butorphanol and placebo in chronic cancer pain: a method to evaluate analgesia after both single and repeated doses.

Sixty hospitalized subjects with chronic moderate to severe pain as a result of advanced cancer were enrolled in a randomized, parallel, double-blind trial comparing single doses and multiple doses of intramuscular dezocine (10 mg) with butorphanol (2 mg) and placebo. During the initial 6-hour efficacy evaluation, analgesia was measured using verbal and visual scriptors and vital signs, and acute toxicity information was recorded. Subjects with initial pain relief entered the 7-day multidose portion of the trial, and efficacy and toxicity data were recorded daily. After the initial dose the peak analgesia of the active agents was similar, but the duration of analgesia was longer with dezocine. After multiple doses, dezocine was superior to butorphanol in terms of length of treatment. Dezocine had less toxicity than had butorphanol after both single and repeated doses, further suggesting that dezocine may be beneficial in managing chronic cancer pain. The described study design is unique in that it compares the analgesic efficacy and toxicity of several analgesics with placebo after both single and multiple doses in the same subject. This method may prove to be an alternative pain model to evaluate chronic cancer pain.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dose ranging evaluation of the antiemetic efficacy and toxicity of intramuscular levonantradol in cancer subjects with chemotherapy-induced emesis.

A phase II double-blind placebo-controlled, randomized dose-ranging trial was undertaken to determine the antiemetic efficacy and toxicity of the synthetic cannabinoid levonantradol at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg. Intramuscular levonantradol was prophylactically administered in random dosing to 20 subjects with a documented history of refractory emesis due to chemotherapy in advanced cancer. The selected dose was administered prior to the chemotherapy and was serially repeated over 12 hours, and efficacy and toxicity data were evaluated for 24 hours. Significant (P less than 0.01) antiemetic activity over placebo was observed with all doses of levonantradol administered, and a dose-effect response was not observed. Doses up to 2.0 mg were well tolerated, and observed toxicity increased with increased doses and with repeated dosing. Psychomimetic effects were mild and tolerable, and the limiting side effects were somnolence and hypotension.

Antiemetics↗