Biomedical subjects

J Mehlhorn

Publications and source records attributed to J Mehlhorn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Frequency and differential diagnosis of cribriform structures of the prostate].

Systematic investigations of the prostate in 450 autopsies of individuals who had lived to the age of 40 to 80 years as well as in 500 prostate biopsies and 480 so-called adenomectomies of the prostate led to detection of cribriform hyperplasia in 30 postmortems (7%), 6 biopsies (1.2%), and 5 adenomectomies (1%). The average age of all hyperplasia cases amounted to 69 years. Cribriform hyperplasia was recordable with and without cellular atypia. Most of the foci, single and multiple up to 4, were not larger than 25 mm2. Statistical calculations revealed good correlations with adenomatous and microglandular hyperplasia as well as with dysplasia of the prostate. A significant relationship was found to exist between cribriform hyperplasia and cellular atypia as well as with prostate carcinoma. Concomitantly recorded were 315 carcinomas, with 81 of these being of the pluriform type and with 68 of the latter (84%) exhibiting cribriform structures. Problems relating to differential diagnosis were found to result from the presence of both benign and malignant structures and are discussed in some detail.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[The diagnostic value of "dysplastic" changes in the prostate].

The technique of serial section was used in systematic investigations of prostates obtained from 450 individuals who had died at the age of 40 to over 80 years. This was done, with a view to clearing up the precancerous potential of so-called dysplastic lesions (intraductal dysplasia, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia). All accompanying pathomorphological findings were recorded, at the same time, with the totality of data being jointly evaluated and statistically processed by computerised methods. So-called dysplastic alterations were recordable from 57% of all cases (26% to 80%), with incidence rates growing along with advancing age and statistical security depending on age at large. Slight dysplasia was recorded from 41% of all cases, with an average of 2.6 foci (10 foci maximum) to one prostate. Severe dysplasia was recorded from 42% of all cases, with an average of 3.8 foci (24 maximum) to one prostate. The area of 90% of all foci was up to 4 mm2 (16 mm2 maximum in cases of slight dysplasia and 60 mm2 in severe cases). Dysplasia was localised in the posterior region of the organ in 60% of all cases and was detected in the central region in 8% maximum. Carcinoma was identified in 133 cases, with 114 of them (86%) being associated with dysplasia. Dysplasia was also detected in 45% of cases without carcinoma. Severe dysplasia was present in 79% of all carcinoma cases and in 26% of no-carcinoma cases. Slight dysplasia, on the other hand, was recordable form 7% of carcinoma cases and 19% of no-carcinoma cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[The frequency of demonstration of Campylobacter pylori].

In 376 patients who underwent gastroscopy the presence of Campylobacter pylori by microscopy, bacterial culture and urea test was studied. Additionally, the histological examination of the antral mucosa was performed. The organisms were detected in 47.9% of the biopsy specimens (37.2% in normal endoscopic findings and 70% in duodenal ulcers). Dependence on sex was not found and also no significant difference of Campylobacter pylori detection in patients younger than 45 years compared with those who are older. However there was a strong correlation between the presence of Campylobacter pylori and the histological results (p less than 0.05). In comparison with international literature we found a distinctly lower percentage of positive Campylobacter pylori rate in patients with peptic ulcer; the association between the presence of Campylobacter pylori and the degree of gastritis was confirmed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Quartz crystals in the skin as a cause of progressive systemic scleroderma].

There is a close correlation between the systemic sclerosis and the exposure to crystalline silica in the GDR. The silica content was investigated in the skin of the patients. Silica particles were found using phase-contrast and polarizing microscopy. The size of the crystals varied from 1 to 90 micrometer. Below a silica content of 10% in the dust it is unlikely that systemic sclerosis is developing.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1990

[Drug taking behavior of internal medicine inpatients].

There are only few publications about patient compliance in in-patients. The compliance of 134 female patients of a common hospital was detected after prescription of riboflavin tablets. Over a period of 10 days four examinations of the urine for signs of fluorescence were performed. 24% of the in-patients were noncompliant. Patients aged over 70 years or with chronic diseases like diabetes or hypertension were seen to have a good compliance compared with younger ones or patients without these diseases. In-patients with psychiatric or psychosomatic disorders were more incompliant than the other ones. In this group the intake must be controlled. A large number of prescribed tablets negatively influenced the compliance but the frequency of intake did not adversely affect the compliance. The history of individual patient compliance will indicate the future compliance. The results show that compliance should be taken into account in in-patients care especially according to a successful therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Antinuclear antibodies as early diagnostic criteria of developing collagen disease in quartz dust exposure--a case report].

One and a half years antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) against Scl-70 and U1-RNP were found in the serum of a quartz dust exposed worker before the clinical manifestation of the progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Only a discrete lung fibrosis and an enlargement of the heart was seen at the time of the first autoantibody detection. Because workers with an intensive and long-lasting quartz dust exposition take a high risk to develop PSS a sensitive ANA-screening is indicated at minimum suspicion of chronic collagen disease. The detection of a high ANA-titer in a clinical healthy person may give a hint for the possible future development of such a disease and requires the observation of the clinical course and the paraclinical and immunological parameters. A lung fibrosis and/or an enlargement of the heart in X-ray photographs would indicate visceral early manifestations of the PSS before skin symptoms appear.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗

PubMed1990

Silica-induced scleroderma.

In a survey done in East Germany between 1981 and 1988, we found that 93 of 120 male scleroderma patients had long-term exposure to silica dust. We describe our findings in 12 patients with scleroderma and silicosis. The exposure time to silica dust was between 3 and 34 years; the interval between the beginning of exposure and the onset of scleroderma averaged 27.3 years (range 9 to 40 years). Antinuclear antibodies in titers between 80 and 10,240 with nucleolar and/or speckled patterns were found in 10 patients, antibodies against double-stranded DNA in three, Scl-70 (topoisomerase I) in three, and anticentromere antibodies in five. The following markers of collagen metabolism were increased in serum: beta-galactosidase in 12 patients, laminin peptide-P1 in 10 patients, N-terminal procollagen type III peptide in 10, and urinary sialic acid excretion in 7. We propose that crystalline particles of silica less than 5 microns may be phagocytosed by macrophages and release lymphokines and monokines, which activate fibroblasts and enhance their collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis. In addition, silica may act as an adjuvant to increase immune reactivity.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1990

Type III collagen aminopropeptide and laminin P1 levels in serum of patients with silicosis-associated and idiopathic systemic scleroderma.

A group of 191 patients with systemic scleroderma and 12 patients with silicosis-associated scleroderma were investigated for connective tissue turnover. The serum levels of type III collagen aminopropeptide (P-III-P), the laminin PI (Lam PI) fragment and the acid lysosomal beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) were determined by specific radioimmunoassays and spectrofluorometry, respectively. Increased levels of type III collagen aminopropeptide strongly correlated with enhanced activity of beta-galactosidase. Both parameters correlated with the clinical course in idiopathic systemic scleroderma and in silicosis-associated scleroderma. Serum levels of Lam PI were also found to be elevated in both groups, although there was no correlation with the severity of the disease. Autoantibodies directed against the DNA topoisomerase Scl-70 and against centromeric proteins were found in a similar range in patients with idiopathic systemic and silicosis-associated scleroderma. These results suggest that P-III-P, Lam PI and beta-Gal are useful serological markers of fibrotic activity and demonstrate similarities between idiopathic systemic scleroderma and scleroderma associated with silica-dust exposure.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Silica-associated systemic sclerosis is clinically, serologically and immunologically indistinguishable from idiopathic systemic sclerosis.

To determine whether the clinical, immunological and serological features of patients with silica-associated systemic sclerosis are different from patients with the 'idiopathic' form of systemic sclerosis (SS) we studied 22 underground coal miners who were exposed to silica dust (SD), 30 mine workers who later developed silicosis (S) and 17 mine workers exposed to silica dust who subsequently developed a systemic sclerosis-like disease (SA-SS). The patients with SA-SS had features clinically indistinguishable from individual patients with SS. They all had Raynaud's phenomenon, 14 had cutaneous sclerosis identical to that seen in acrosclerosis and three had a generalized cutaneous sclerosis. Sixteen patients had bibasilar pulmonary fibrosis, 10 had necrosis of the fingertip pulps, nine had oesophageal involvement and only one patient had renal involvement. Antinuclear antibodies and circulating immune complexes were detected in three and eight patients with SD, 14 and five patients with S and in 16 and nine patients with SA-SS, respectively. Anti-Scl-70 antibody was detected in eight of the 17 patients with SA-SS. Evidence for in vivo endothelial cell damage, as determined by elevated levels of von Willebrand factor, was found in nine patients with SD, 14 patients with S and in 10 patients with SA-SS. Following incubation of the patient's serum with confluent cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells there was only a significant reduction in calcium ionophore-induced release of prostacyclin with the serum from SA-SS patients compared to that with control serum (NC). The mean +/- SEM release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (the stable metabolite of prostacyclin expressed as ng/10(4) cells) decreased from 2.90 +/- 0.27 to 2.01 +/- 0.33 (SD), 3.34 +/- 0.42 to 1.76 +/- 0.31 (S), 1.98 +/- 0.12 to 0.64 +/- 0.07 (SA-SS) and 2.28 +/- 0.33 to 1.36 +/- 0.21 (NC) with 1 and 20% serum, respectively. This study demonstrates that immune complex and antinuclear antibody formation and in vivo endothelial cell damage occurs following occupational exposure to silica. The patients who subsequently develop a systemic sclerosis-like disease have clinical, immunological and serological features which are indistinguishable from the idiopathic form of the disease although as a group the SA-SS patients have a higher prevalence of pulmonary involvement and the anti-Scl-70 antibody.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1990

[Detection of Campylobacter pylori in gastric mucosa--relation to gastroscopy findings and degree of gastritis].

In 862 unselected gastroscopies we could confirm the high percentage of campylobacter pylori infection in the antral gastric mucosa strongly associated with chronic superficial gastritis and active inflammatory signs. Significant correlation with age concerned the normal findings only. In patients with duodenal ulcers we found in 91% gastritis and in 88% campylobacter pylori in antral mucosa. A small group with duodenal ulcers was campylobacter pylori-negative as well as without gastritis signs. Comparing the antrum and corpus gastric mucosa (250 pat.) the antral mucosa was representative for the whole stomach in view of gastritis and campylobacter pylori test, sufficiently for practical use. Between the test methods (culture, urease, microscopy) we favoured the microscopic test.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[N-procollagen(III)peptide and lysosomal beta-galactosidase in progressive scleroderma and silicosis].

The concentration of type III collagen aminopropeptide and the activity of lysosomal beta-galactosidase were determined in the serum of patients with progressive sclerosis (PS), silicosis and PS associated with silicosis. In PS-patients, the serum levels of both parameters were significantly increased with a high correlation to the stage of the disease and to each other. In patients with silicosis normal serum concentrations of both parameters were found, whereas in all patients suffering from silicosis and PS significantly elevated serum levels were detectable, independent of the stage of PS. Both parameters can also be used as markers of therapy (e.g. with D-penicillamine) and as early indicators for the development of PS in patients with silicosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Early detection of scleroderma in quartz dust exposed workers and workers with silicosis by determining serum beta-galactosidase activity].

Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is a rare disease belonging to the collagen diseases. PSS is frequently observed in workers with an intensive exposure to crystalline silica and with silicosis in the GDR. The recognition as an occupational disease is regulated by law. The elevated beta-galactosidase activity in the serum of patients with silicosis and beginning PSS can be used for detecting of early stages of PSS. References are given to medical care of patients with silicosis and exposure to quartz.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Coincidence of silicosis and lupus erythematosis].

From 1975 to 1989 37 patients with Lupus erythematodes exposed to quartz dust over many years were observed. Thirty of them suffered from silicosis. The coincidence of silicosis and Lupus erythematodes can be an expression of a common pathogenesis.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗

PubMed1990

[Correlations of quartz dust exposure, scleroderma and lung function].

There are closed relations between progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and exposure to quartz dust in the GDR. The recognition of PSS as an occupational disease is regulated by law. By analysis of the dust exposed working places a limit for silica concentrations were fixed. It is unlikely, that silica concentrations below 10% in the respirable dust induce a PSS. There are no significant differences in lung function of PSS-patients with and without quartz exposure.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Fundamental research in ultrasonic surgery. IX. Splenic surgery using cavitation ultrasound--an experimental animal study of aspiration and sealing technics with ligament FIMOMED].

A farther alternative for the conservation of the spleen represents the ultrasonic aspiration and sealing technique by means of the monomeric tissue adhesive Ligament Fimomed. The effectiveness of the method was proved by histomorphologic investigations in animal experiment with the porcine spleen. The method was effective in nearly all injuries across to the longitudinal axle of the organ even with a larger parenchymal defect and also in case of splenic tumor. The control of hemorrhage succeeded promptly and surely. Not any postoperative complication appeared.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Combination of glandular and foveolar hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa--a rare mixed type].

In a 28 year-old man with epigastric pain endoscopy detected giant gastric folds and multiple superficial erosions. Histologically a mixed form of glandular and foveolar hyper plasia of the gastric mucosa was suggested (Ming's type III). Basal and pentagastrin stimulated secretion volume and acid output were moderately elevated, hypersecretion of protein was not found. Serum levels of calcium and gastrin were normal, also after secretin stimulation. The mucosa of the corpus was extensively infested with Campylobacter pylori. Therapy with cimetidine, antacids, pirenzepine and metronidazol resulted in relief of symptoms but not of histological findings. Bismuth (JatroxR) was successful in eradicating Campylobacter pylori and decreasing inflammation of the mucosa. Cause and prognosis of this mixed hyperplasia are not known.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Reduced mastication as a cause of chronic gastritis].

The influence of reduced mastication on the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis was examined in rats. In spite of reducing experimentally the masticatory effect to a third no inflammation of the gastric mucosa was to provoke. Nevertheless, the attended group showed a significant smaller increase of weight during the experiment.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Effect of physical stress on airway resistance determined by oscillometry].

For evaluation of reference values of airway resistance measured by forced oscillation technique (Ros) in connection with physical exercise, 193 healthy persons were examined. In this study could be shown that reference values measured at rest are also valid under exercise conditions to find out functional disorders.

Adolescent↗