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Biomedical subjects

J Menzel

Publications and source records attributed to J Menzel.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Orbita fractures in polytraumas and craniocerebral traumas.

The authors emphasize that the maxillo-facial surgeon or otorhinolaryngologist should: 1. take part in diagnosing and planning the therapy of poly-traumatic patients. 2. operate simultaneously when possible. 3. try to provide immediate maxillo-facial surgical and/or otorhinolaryngologic treatment because of the great importance of early treatment for longterm functional and aesthetic results.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Knee pterygium syndrome in a newborn infant].

We report on a newborn boy with popliteal pterygium syndrome. Congenital anomalies included popliteal pterygia, symblepharon, cleft lip and palate with syngnathia, severe hypoplasia of both thumbs, a characteristic nail anomaly of both first toes, multiple syndactylies, and a hypoplastic scrotum with cryptorchidism. Mental development can be expected to be normal. Overall prognosis of the disorder after detailed operative correction is apparently favorable. Differential diagnosis is discussed in detail. The syndrome is autosomal dominantly inherited, our patient represents an isolated case.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

[Subtotal adrenalectomy versus autotransplantation of the adrenal cortex--an alternative procedure in bilateral adrenalectomy in MEN II?].

Complete loss of steroid production is a very remarkable effect of total adrenalectomy. This is the reason why attempt was made to preserve some adrenal cortex function in cases with bilateral adrenalectomy. Till now successful autografting of adrenal cortex has been reported only in cases with Cushing's syndrome. We now report on two cases with MEN II syndrome, in whom autografting into the rectus muscle was done successfully. In order to compare results, data on two patients with subtotal adrenalectomy are given. Outcome was similar. In all 4 cases function of adrenal cortex was demonstrated by scintigraphy and by blood chemistry. In one case with autotransplantation and in another with subtotal resection, the remaining adrenal tissue showed response to ACTH. Provided more experience, in our opinion subtotal adrenalectomy and adrenal autotransplantation in cases of MEN II syndrome might turn out to prove as equivalent procedures.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1988

[Problems and results of reinterventions on the adrenal gland].

109 cases of surgery on the adrenal glands are reported. 8 cases (7.3%) were reoperated because of relapse. This was Cushing's disease in 5 cases, malignant neuroblastoma in 2 cases and benign pheochromocytoma in 1 case. Only the latter and 1 with Cushing's disease were cured. Reoperation revealed carcinoma in 3 cases of Cushing's disease, though microscopic examination did not show malignancy in the specimen taken at the first operation. In another case microscopic examination again failed to show malignancy, but the patient died from her metastases. 2 cases of malignant neuroblastoma were reoperated for palliation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

[Stimulation of collagen synthesis in rabbit tendons by continuous extension stress].

In a series of three experiments we tried to find out early changes of mechanical properties and of collagen synthesis induced by continuous loading in rabbit tendons. Unphysiological elongation of the calcaneus tendon was performed by distraction of the osteotomized lower leg with the aid of an external minifixator. In the first experiment, the stretched tendons and the unstretched tendons of the contralateral legs were excised 24 hours postoperatively and compared. Collagen-synthesis was measured using 3H-Proline. After 24 hours' stretching a clear increase of 3H-Proline as a sign of collagen new-formation was found in only three out of five animals. In the second experiment, stress-strain measurements were performed after 24 hours of loading. In paired tests a clear difference was not found. Therefore, loading was extended to 48 hours in the third experiment. 3H-Proline was measured as well as the mechanical properties in paired tests. The median increase of the 3H-Proline level was significant: 44%. Stress-strain behaviour was investigated using a special testing equipment. This enables us to perform strain controlled tests in order to find out the mechanical properties of the different specimen.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[In vivo degradation of immune complexes in the kidney by orally administered enzymes].

Preformed immune complexes were deposited in kidney glomeruli of rabbits after i.v. injection. In vivo disintegration of these complexes by orally administered enzymes was investigated. 3 rabbits were given labelled trypsin and papain and the radioactivity and enzyme activity determined in the blood. The radioactive fraction showed an active enzyme concentration of 3-5 mg%. 13 experimental rabbits and 3 control animals received three i.v. injections of 5 ml preformed soluble immune complexes at 12-hour intervals. 24 hours after the last injection the experimental animals were fed 1600 mg enzyme mixture. All animals were sacrificed 4 hours later and the glomeruli of the kidney were investigated by immunofluorescence. All control animals showed large amounts of immune complexes in the glomeruli. Experimental animals, which had all received oral enzymes showed no immune complexes any more, or only residual immune complexes in some glomeruli. This observation pointed to in vivo disintegration of immune complexes by orally-administered enzymes as providing the basis for the treatment of immune complex diseases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Measurements of regional cerebral blood flow in patients following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis.

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using the inhalation xenon 133 technique in 25 patients undergoing superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomotic surgery. rCBF was measured once before and 3 times after operation, up to one year. Data were compared to rCBF-measurement in 16 patients with similar diagnosis, age distribution and medical treatment except that they were not operated on. Mean rCBF increased in some patients 4-8 weeks after surgery on the ipsilateral side. Compared to the non-surgical patients mean rCBF at this time was higher over both hemipheres. However, taking a flow increase of at least 15% as being significant only one third of all patients presented with a significant flow increase. Regional flow data indicated that the amount of hypoaemic areas in the operated side decreased significantly. Areas with normal flow increased in number from CBF 1 to the 4-8th week. There were no significant changes in flow distribution over the contralateral side. It was concluded that extracranial-intracranial bypass improves flow in patients with TIA or PRIND respectively only in some cases. Also a return to normal flow distribution can be achieved in only a few cases.

Cerebral Revascularization↗
PubMed1987

Factors responsible for the retention of fluid in human tumor edema and the effect of dexamethasone.

The components of vasogenic edema associated with brain tumors were investigated in human biopsy material sampled from tumor and peritumoral tissue during neurosurgical operations. Tissue from 60 patients with glioblastomas, gliomas, meningiomas, and metastases who had been treated with dexamethasone prior to surgery was used for measurement of water, electrolyte, hemoglobin, serum protein, and dexamethasone concentrations. In all samples except metastases, positive correlations were obtained between water content and both serum protein levels and sodium content in tumors and peritumoral edema, suggesting that these components simultaneously determine forces for extravasation of plasma-derived edema fluid. However, the mean serum protein content varied considerably, being high in glioblastomas (16 mg/ml) and low in peritumoral edema surrounding metastases (4 mg/ml). The mean cerebral blood volume in all samples, as calculated from the tissue hemoglobin content, was 2.5 ml/100 gm wet weight in tumor tissue and 1.6 to 2.0 ml/100 gm wet weight in peritumoral tissue. Sodium concentrations were not significantly different among the tumor types. Both water and serum protein content decreased with increasing dexamethasone concentrations in glioblastomas, while this effect was virtually absent in gliomas and meningiomas. A therapeutic threshold of dexamethasone at 500 mg/gm wet weight was obtained for tumoral and peritumoral tissue of glioblastomas and was effective in a dose-dependent manner as long as the water content and the serum protein concentration remained below 6 ml/gm dry weight and 30 mg/gm dry weight, respectively. These results suggest a previously unknown selectivity among tumor types for the reduction of both water content and serum proteins in corticosteroid-treated edematous tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Immune complexes in myocardial infarct].

604 patients were investigated with C1q solid phase RIA in regard to circulating immune complexes (CIC) shortly after myocardial infarction. 118 (19.6%) of these 604 patients had CIC, which disappeared in 99 patients (83.7%) or decreased significantly in 9 cases (7.6%) after 2-4 weeks. Only 10 patients (8.3%) showed persisting CIC. 12 parameters assessing clinical features and laboratory data were compared with the results of CIC investigation in altogether 251 patients, of whom 54 (21.5%) were CIC-positive. No differences between CIC-positive and CIC-negative patients were observed with regard to generally accepted factors predisposing to infarction. However, CIC-positive patients differed significantly from CIC-negative cases in the higher incidence of a history of respiratory tract infection before infarction (p less than 0.001) and the more frequent absence of a family history of cardiac and circulatory disease (p less than 0.0005). Interpretation of these results indicates a transient appearance of CIC after liberation of heart - tissue antigens during infarction, but does not exclude the possible existence of a group of patients manifesting CIC already before the onset of infarction, whereby the CIC may have contributed towards triggering off the infarction. In this case persistence of CIC after infarction may be regarded as an unfavourable sign.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1986

[Intrahepatic bile duct cysts].

Because of the risk of carcinoma, choledochal cysts always should be completely removed. If the cyst is extrahepatic, this should not offer any problem. Radical excision of an intrahepatic cyst, however, can present as a major problem and is in fact not always achievable. The anatomical situation (involvement of both lobes of the liver) or the general condition of a patient can force us to limit the surgical procedure. We report our experience with 5 cases of intrahepatic choledochal cyst, emphasizing the difficulties of achieving the before mentioned therapeutic goal. Details on today's pathogenetic theories and classification of choledochal cysts are reported from the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Basic studies on enzyme therapy of immune complex diseases].

Several in vitro investigations and animal experiments are described which may be used as experimental basis for the enzymatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and, possibly, also other immune complex diseases. Demonstration of absorption of unaltered orally-administered radiolabelled enzymes is shown in guinea pigs and rabbits. In vitro experiments with 4 types of soluble immune complexes which were incubated with gradually increasing amounts of enzymes showed dose-dependent cleavage of complexes. Antigen-induced experimental arthritis of rabbits, fed different amounts of a therapeutically used mixture of enzymes at different times, could be inhibited by this treatment, in dependence of dosage and time of feeding. With respect to the therapeutic applications of this study, the results favour the use of a high dosage repeated daily administration, since duration of effect seems limited.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Intracranial and cervical elimination of carotid circulation as a prerequisite for operability of extensive neck tumors].

Large malignant tumours of the neck with an infiltration of the joint or internal carotid walls are mostly regarded as inoperable, if not as incurable. The cooperation between a neurosurgeon and an ENT surgeon opens the possibility, by elimination of the carotid flow, to effect a radical removal even of exceptionally extended tumours, thus offering a chance of survival for otherwise incurable patients.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMed1984

Surgical treatment of anterior nasoethmoid encephaloceles.

Two cases are reported with anterior nasoethmoid encephaloceles. The clinical, radiological and surgical results are described. The significance of a primary intracranial and intradural treatment of the defect of the base of the skull is pointed out. Secondary extirpation of the encephalocele and plastic correction of the face is recommended. Interdisciplinary cooperation with related specialties in the treatment of anterior encephaloceles is emphasised.

Encephalocele↗