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Biomedical subjects

J Meunier-Carus

Publications and source records attributed to J Meunier-Carus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Pulmonary hypertension in patients with emphysema].

Fifty-three patients with chronic and stabilized emphysema, mostly of the panlobular type, and without any associated disease likely to interfere with the cardio-pulmonary function, were used to analyze the physiological factors responsible for their pulmonary hypertension, moderate at rest but marked at exercise. The study showed that the main responsibility for pulmonary hypertension, both at rest and during exercise, lay on mechanical respiratory factors and on passive regulation of the lesser circulation. It also showed that the predictive value of SaO2 was higher than that of PaO2 but lower than that of CvO2 which depends on a relative tissue hypoxia of cardiovascular origin responsible for vasoconstrictive acidosis at exercise. In this study, destruction of the pulmonary capillary bed, often different from destruction of the alveolar surface, had a predictive value for PAP higher than that of hypoxia. In these cases of pure, stabilized chronic emphysema hypoxia does not have the preponderant hypertensive role for which it is blamed in the literature in all circumstances.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1981

[Gas exchanges on effort in diffuse pulmonary emphysema (author's transl)].

With the aim of determining the causes of hypoxia which develops on effort in certain emphysema sufferers, gas exchange at rest and effort were studied in 28 patients with diffuse pulmonary emphysema (including one third with large bullous form), with the exclusion of any clinical evidence of bronchitis or asthma. These patients, selected on the basis of the similarity of their clinical, radiological, mechano-spirographic and diffusion criteria, behaved very differently in terms of their gas exchanges during a moderate effort (mean VO2 = 750 ml/mn). The first group of 12 subjects showed a significant fall in pO2 (- 10.5 mmHg on average). The second group of 16 subjects improved by 4 mmHg hypoxaemia present at rest (though more marked than in the first group). The various parameters studied of ventilation, blood gases, and diffusion appeared to indicate a preponderant role played by distributive problems, and in particular the Qs/Qt ratio (calculated on the Fenn and Rahn pO2 and pCO2 diagram) which worsened on effort in the first group whilst it improved in the second, as well as the greater degree of desaturation of mixed venous blood on effort in the first group. The difficulties of a valid physiopathological interpretation are emphasized.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical and physiological post-operative course of 45 bullous emphysema (author's transl)].

45 patients exhibiting a diffuse emphysema associated with voluminous emphysematous bullae underwent surgical resection of the bullae. They were then regularly followed-up. Pulmonary function investigations were performed preoperatively in 38 patients at 6 months, 1 year and 3-7 years after resection. Postoperative subjective improvement was experienced by all patients, but diminished progressively with years. An associated chronic bronchitis was a predictor of bad prognosis. Vital capacity increased whereas plethysmographic residual volume and TLC decreased post-operatively, due to the recovery of available pulmonary parenchyma. The improvement of bronchial obstruction was probably related to the increased elastic recoil pressure. Hypoxemia also improved in most cases. In patients having undergone a second resection (controlateral lung), functional improvement progressively disappeared as the emphysematous disease progressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Regional pulmonary function in sarcoidosis.

In 26 subjects with a confirmed histological diagnosis of thoracic sarcoidosis regional lung function was studied with Xenon 133. All subjects also underwent overall lung function studies including CO steady state (TCO SS) and single breath (TCO SB) diffusing capacity. Regional ventilation (Vr) was on the average increased in stages I (isolated hilar adenopathies) and II (pulmonary infiltration) and appeared normal in stage III (pulmonary fibrosis). Regional perfusion (Qr) was on the average normal in stages I and II and decreased in stage III. There were no appreciable differences between average values in stages I and II. Abnormalities of Vr and Qr were frequently found in individual cases. A distinction was made between the total number of abnormalities and deficiency abnormalities. The total number of abnormalties was high in all three stages. Deficiency abnormalities were relatively rare in stages I and II, and frequent in stage III. The correlation between radiological and regional functional abnormalities was low. TCO SB/VA was found significantly lower (P less than 0.005) in subjects with regional deficiency abnormalities (mostly perfusion abnormalities). These data probably indicate that a lowered diffusing capacity may be due to the loss of pulmonary capillaries and not only to ventilation - perfusion disparities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Criteria and validity of continuous measurement of pO2 and pCO2 in man].

After description of a method of continuous measurement of partial pressure of blood gases, the authors describe the technical difficulties : behaviour of the electrodes, problems associated with continuous measurement, and emphasise the influence of the method on the results, e.g. heparinisation, blood flow rate, quantity of blood consumed. The results obtained under suitable physiological conditions show the difficulty of interpretation of continuous measurement of gaseous parameters and show interest in short but significant function tests.

Blood Gas Analysis↗