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Biomedical subjects

J Meynadier

Publications and source records attributed to J Meynadier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Cutaneous leishmaniasis].

Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic conditions due to a flagella protozoan of the Leishmania genus and transmitted to man by phlebotomine sandflies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis exists all over the world. Those of the Old World are, in the vast majority of cases, purely cutaneous and spontaneously regress in several weeks to several months. In general, local treatment is sufficient. Those of the New World, due to multiple leishmaniasis complexes, involve a major risk of developing into a secondary mucosal form when rapid means of identifying the genus are not available. First-line treatment consists of antimony derivatives. In endemic regions, prophylaxy remains essential.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Comparative study of the efficacy and tolerability of 0.1 and 0.03 p.100 adapalene gel and 0.025 p.100 tretinoin gel in the treatment of acne].

INTRODUCTION: Adapalene is a new chemical entity with retinoid activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 0.1 p. 100 adapalene gel (Différine gel), 0.03 p. 100 adapalene gel and a commercially available 0.025 p. 100 tretinoin gel (Aberel gel) were compared in 89 male and female patients with acne. RESULTS: Inflammatory, non inflammatory, total lesion counts, and the global facial acne grade regularly decreased as a function of time in the three treatment groups. No statistically or clinicaly significant differences were observed for these parameters between 0.1 p. 100 adapalene gel and 0.025 p. 100 tretinoin gel following a 12-week treatment. Conversely, both of these gels were significantly more effective than 0.03 p. 100 adapalene gel with regards to inflammatory and total lesion counts, and the global facial acne grade. The differences of efficacy seen between both adapalene gels demonstrate a dose-dependent activity of the drug in the topical treatment of acne. The three products induced retinoid-like skin irritation with significant differences in intensity in favour of adapalene for erythema, dryness, scaling and burning after application and in favour of tretinoin for persistent burning. No treatment-related medical events were reported and adapalene plasma levels were lower than 0.15 ng/ml (limit of detection of the analytical method). CONCLUSIONS: The topical treatment of acne with adapalene gels was found to be safe and effective, with a dose-related response. The efficacy of 0.1 p. 100 adapalene gel and of 0.025 p. 100 tretinoin gel are not different but skin tolerance of 0.1 p. 100 adapalene gel is superior.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1995

[Study of demographic, environmental and congenital factors in the development of nevi in children between three and fifteen years old. Early results].

A survey of benign melanocytic naevi was conducted among school children in Montpellier (France) in 1993 with the aim to assess the evolution with age of the number of naevi and the factors influencing their number. Children in different age groups (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 years) attending randomly selected public schools where included in the study. Dermatologists examined 651 children and recorded the number of naevi of more than 2 mm of diameter. Analysis was restricted to 565 children whose parents responded to a historical questionnaire of exposure and sociodemographic data. Among these children the number of naevi per unit of area increased progressively with age although the number of naevi per unit of skin area reached a plateau at about 11 years of age for the girls and around 15 years of age for the boys. Puberty is a regulative factor for the number of naevi and the number of naevi per unit of area. Children whose parents were born in Europe were most likely to have naevi. Susceptibility to burns were also associated with few number of naevi and number of naevi per unit of skin area. The cumulative exposure to sun since birth and the cumulative exposure during the holidays increased the number of naevi and the number of naevi per unit of area but these variables are the last introduced into the logistic model. A prospective questionnaire can be used to assess the exposures and protection variables allowing a better estimation of the skin reaction to sun.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Multiple cutaneous carcinoma and chronic lymphoid leukemia].

INTRODUCTION: Skin cancer occurs more readily in more aggressive forms in immunodepressed subjects. We report the case of a patient with chronic lymphoid leukaemia and multiple skin carcinomas complicated with carcinomatous lymphangitis. CASE REPORT: A 63 year-old man with chronic lymphoid leukaemia, stage A in the Binet classification, had multiple epidermoid carcinomas on the trunk and face. The skin tumours were complicated with cervical lymph mode metastases, then a prethoracic carcinomatous lymphangitis with a rapidly fatal clinical course. DISCUSSION: Chronic lymphoid leukaemia and lymphomas are associated with a high incidence of skin carcinoma. The immunodepression inherent in the haematologic disease would appear to favor aggressive skin cancers. Our case was particularly severe since the carcinomatous lymphangitis was rapidly fatal.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Lichen planus and hepatitis C virus. Apropos of 5 new cases].

Lichen planus is an immunologically mediated skin or mucous disease, which has recently been described in some patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver disease. We report 5 new cases of the association of hepatitis C with lichen planus, to be added to the 15 cases published in the literature. The sex ratio (female/male) was of 1.2. Lichen planus occurred more frequently in chronic active hepatitis (2/3 of cases) than in cirrhosis (1/3 of cases). Lichen planus manifestations were only mucous (30%), only cutaneous (40%) or both (30%). Mucous lesions were mainly observed in patients with cirrhosis (3/4 of cases). The onset of skin and hepatic manifestations was variable, with liver disease as the most frequent revealing symptom (60%). The influence of interferon remains unclear. However, it seemed to trigger more than to relieve lichen planus.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1995

[Primary cutaneous nocardia asteroides nocardiosis in an immunocompromised patient].

INTRODUCTION: Nocardiasis is caused by a germ belonging to the Actinomycetales order. Skin disease usually occurs as a secondary localization of a pulmonary infection in an immunocompromised patient. Purely cutaneous lesions usually occur in immunocompetent subjects. CASE REPORT: We observed primary cutaneous nocardiasis due to N. asteroides with a cold abscess in a patient with a pemphigoid given immunodepression treatment. DISCUSSION: Primary cutaneous nocardiasis can occur by direct contamination of a skin wound. In our patient with a pemphigoid given immunodepression treatment, the erosion of a pemphigoid bulla and general corticosteroid treatment favoured the localized infection. Cure could not be obtained until after 7 months treatment. This long course can be explained by the need to continue high-dose general corticosteroids to control the pemphigoid.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Acquired progressive lymphangioma.

Acquired progressive lymphangioma (APL) is a rare, benign proliferation of lymphatic capillary origin, which is characterized histologically by dermal vascular channels and a 'dissection of collagen' appearance. We describe a 30-year-old patient with an extensive, refractory APL on the right breast, which slowly developed over a period of 23 years. Pathologists and dermatologists should be aware of this entity, as early surgical treatment may be totally curative when the lesion is limited in size.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Scleroderma of the shoulders after treatment with combined bleomycin and radiotherapy].

INTRODUCTION: There are many causes of scleroderma. We observed a case of scleroderma involving the shoulder and neck area after combined bleomycin and radiotherapy. CASE REPORT: After six cycles of a CHOP-bleo protocol followed by radiotherapy for lymph node lymphoma, a female patient presented scleroderma involving the shoulders and neck area. Total bleomycin dose was 252 mg. DISCUSSION: Among the imputable factors, particularly extrinsic factors, in a series of 33 cases of different chemotherapy protocols published by Peters et al. in 1988, we retained the bleomycin radiotherapy administration sequence as the cause of this complication. Given after bleomycin, radiotherapy could increase the risk of scleroderma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Drug therapy of pain in oncology: keep it simple!].

Pain is the most common symptom in patients suffering from cancer, in particular for advanced diseases. Unfortunately, one third of the patient do not benefit from optimal pain control. One must stress the importance of defining the etiology of pain and subsequently its pathophysiology. This thorough evaluation can help to formulate a proper strategy for a treatment of pain that could be adapted to the disease evolution. A multidisciplinary approach with respect to the WHO prescribing criteria is the most appropriate way to control severe cancer pain syndromes.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1993

[Rosacea].

Rosacea is a frequent disease which occurs mostly in women with dry skin and much more rarely in men with greasy skin. In women, rosacea is heralded, around the age of 20 years, by intermittent facial erythema, and this is followed by the gradual development of permanent erythema (erythrosis) with telangiectasia (couperose) and later on, around the age of 40, very unsightly papulo-pustules (papular rosacea, improperly called acne rosacea). In men, these successive stages are less frequent, but progressive dilatation of the nose due to sebaceous gland overgrowth may occur (rhinophyma). Rosacea is caused by vascular abnormalities not completely determined, and also, at the papulo-pustural stage, by a small parasite called Demodex folliculorum. Treatment rests on hygienic and dietary rules and vasoconstrictor drugs at the erythema stage, then on fine electrocoagulation or pulsed dye laser to suppress couperose and on the prescription of long-term low-dose tetracycline, sometimes preceded by a 2-month course of metronidazole to remove the papulo-pustules. Rhinophyma is treated by surgery. The results obtained are remarkable, at least on couperose, papulo-pustules and rhinophyma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Patch test reactions to mite antigens: a GERDA multicentre study. Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches en Dermato-Allergie.

We performed patch tests with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) antigens from 2 different sources in 355 non-randomly selected patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 398 subjects of a control group. The study demonstrated that contact sensitization to mites occurred in an appreciable % of AD cases (20.8%), using commonly available assay products. The differences recorded between the 2 materials tested were related to the concentration of P1 antigen. Non-atopic patients rarely showed positive reactions to Dp (0.75%), when strict criteria for readings were applied and if 2 readings were performed. Patients with positive patch tests did not necessarily show positive immediate skin tests. It would be useful to carry out tests systematically in atopic patients, even if it is not yet known what modern treatment would be best for the patient. Laboratories still do not provide standardized house dust mite preparations--measuring and codifying their biological activity--for use in patch tests. It is to be hoped that the extension of this type of test will lead to the production of better test materials, in syringes with homogeneous dispersion and concentration.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

[Phototherapy of photodermatoses].

Paradoxical as it may seem, phototherapy, and in particular PUVA therapy, is of considerable interest in the treatment of such photodermatoses as polymorphous light eruptions, solar urticaria and remanent photosensitivity syndrome. When used rationally, with the appropriate therapeutic regimen and under close monitoring of the parameters, these treatments give very satisfactory results in preventing the occurrence of photo-induced skin eruptions.

Humans↗