Biomedical subjects

J Miguères

Publications and source records attributed to J Miguères.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

[Influenza vaccination and asthma].

A double investigation was carried out on the respiratory tolerance of IV in the asthmatic patient: 1. Retrospective based on case history in 87 mature adults (mean age 61 years) previously vaccinated once or several times. This showed poor respiratory tolerance in 21 patients (24%), as shown by difficulty in breathing (8 cases), paroxystic dyspnea (5 cases), an acute episode of asthma (8 cases), occurring soon after vaccination. 2. Clinical and respiratory functional prospective study of bronchial reactivity to carbachol (CBL) and flow-volume curves before and after administration of inactivated polyvalent vaccine, compared in 8 control subjects, 12 asthmatic patients, 19 cases of non-spactic chronic obstructive airway disease, 7 patients with sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis or operated bronchial cancer, investigated immediately before (day 0), 2, 6, 8 or in some cases 20 or 30 days after IV (D2, D6, D8, D20, D30): 2 of 8 controls showed a decrease in CBL sensitivity threshold at D2 or D6; 6 of 12 asthmatics reacted to the vaccine: 2 showed increased CBL reactivity, 1 lowered sensitivity threshold, 2 a decrease in the 50% and 25% flows at D2 and D6, 1 decreased MMFR and distal flows at D2; 4 of 19 cases of COPD, 1 of 7 cases of tuberculous sequelae showed various reactions at D2, D6, D8.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Desensitization technics].

Desensitization or immunotherapy (ITS) is a fundamental treatment aimed at the specific allergic component of atopic asthma. The objective of treatment is to prevent antibody-antigen interactions which are generators, among others, of bronchoconstriction. The indications are essentially limited to those asthmatics sufficiently disabled (but without complications nor on long term corticosteroids or other medications in young subjects) with asthma linked to natural lung allergens whose elimination is impossible (domestic dust, mites, pollens, epithelial debris). Proceeding with intermittent repeated injections of extracts of antigen duly identified as responsible, either aqueous products or slow release preparations absorbed as an adjuvant, which allow longer periods between injections and a better clinical tolerance. Some modified extracts are suggested with the aim of reducing allergenicity while maintaining immunogenic potency. Fundamental progress has been made in the 80's is in the purification of allergens and above all in their standardization, controlling the power and the reproducibility of their effects, their duration of action and allowing an objective assessment of the efficacy of ITS in double blind multi-centre trials. The techniques themselves depend on the aqueous choice of or slow release preparation and always consists of a two stage protocol: First, induction by increasing dosage, differentiated in its duration between the traditionally slow method to achieve a maximum ceiling dose in 3 or 4 months, or of only 2 to 4 days, by the rapid or rushed method: secondly repeated maintenance doses, the top dose being chosen to maintain efficacy over several years with a regular rhythm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allergens↗

PubMed1985

[Cardiac tolerance of a beta-2-sympathomimetic spray: fenoterol. Apropos of 37 patients followed using a Holter monitor during a brief treatment protocol].

37 subjects with stable asthma and a mean age of 50.3 undertook a protocol to study the cardiac tolerance to a spray B2SM. A Holter monitor was performed before and 48 hours after the institution of a Fenoterol spray in 4 daily doses of 600 micrograms at fixed times. Before starting treatment with a beta 2 sympathomimetic spray (B2SM) 11 subjects had abnormal traces with significant auricular extra-systoles in 4, ventricular extra-systoles in 5 and both in one subject: one patient had a run of ventricular tachycardia without symptoms. On Fenoterol, a worsening of pre-existing extra systoles was noted thrice, one was auricular the other two ventricular. Two patients had brief runs of ventricular tachycardia but the role of Fenoterol was uncertain; one of the patients was very elderly and hypoxaemic. In the second and elevated theophylline level of 20 micrograms/l was noted. The arrythmogenic power of a B2SM seems weak, but in certain situations such as hypoxaemia, metabolic acidosis and overdosage of theophylline, over consumption of B2SM in association with the above factors could contribute to serious arrhythmias. Also in this study in which there was a protocol limited in time, no premature conclusion should be made on the crucial problem of the cardiovascular risks of B2SM in the basic treatment of asthma but raises the problem of the arrythmogenic potential of the drug association of Theophylline + B2SM.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Cytology and phospholipid content of the bronchoalveolar lavage liquid in diffuse interstitial pneumopathies and in sarcoidosis. Apropos of 96 lavages].

The phospholipid content of bronchoalveolar lavage (LBA) has been little studied till now. This work involved 96 LBA on 7 cases of allergic alveolitis, 11 cases of diffuse interstitial fibrosis (FID) and 42 of sarcoidosis. The liquid collected was submitted to a cellular study (cellularity, total and differential) and biochemical (total proteins, total phospholipids separated into their different fractions by chromatography which enabled the identification of phosphatidyl-choline, phosphatidyl-serine and phosphatidyl-inositol in particular). The cytological results were close to the classical data, a rise in the lymphocyte level in allergic alveolitis and active sarcoid, a rise in polymorphonuclear cells in FID. Biochemical analysis showed a fall in total phospholipids for the whole group, the drop being the greatest in the FID. Phosphatidyl-choline, the principle phospholipid of surfactant in normals, was reduced in all three groups of patient when expressed as a percentage of total phospholipids. This fall was greatest with an allergic alveolitis and occurred on a pro rata basis with a rise in phosphatidyl-serine and inositol. The protein phospholipid ratio (PL/P) expressed in micrograms of phospholipid and milligrams of protein fell in a significant fashion in all the pathological groups. This fall was significantly larger in allergic alveolitis than FID and active sarcoid. The PL/P ratio seems to be a good marker of active sarcoid, correlating with the activity of the disease inversely with the lymphocyte level, and was unchanged by steroids unlike the lymphocyte count. A rise in this ratio correlates with an improvement in the radiological and clinical state.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978