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Biomedical subjects

J Minuk

Publications and source records attributed to J Minuk.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Statin treatment and adherence to national cholesterol guidelines after ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: National cholesterol guidelines have defined high vascular risk individuals as those who could potentially benefit most from statin therapy. The authors aimed to determine the rate of statin use, its predictors, and the achievement of national guideline target lipid goals among ischemic stroke survivors. METHODS: The authors abstracted data from the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) study database from the United States and Canada to incorporate into algorithms for initiating statin therapy according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines for high-risk individuals. The authors applied these algorithms to all study subjects. Univariate as well as multivariate associations for target lipid levels and statin implementation were then evaluated utilizing pertinent demographic, clinical, and laboratory data. RESULTS: Of 2,894 subjects in the analysis dataset, 38% were women; 71% were recruited in the United States and 29% in Canada. Of 769 high-risk subjects, 262 (34%) had a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level > or =130 mg/dL and 124 of these (47%) were not on statin. Among those high-risk persons on statin treatment, only 42% had an LDL < or =100 mg/dL. Subjects in the overall cohort were more likely to be on a statin if they were treated in the United States or had a history of hypertension or coronary artery disease. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one out of three guideline-eligible high vascular risk ischemic stroke patients in this study had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations above qualifying levels for pharmacologic therapy, but half of these patients were not taking a statin, and of those receiving statin treatment, less than half were within recommended lipid goals.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Isolated trigeminal neuropathy due to trigeminal nerve root hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: Isolated trigeminal neuropathy is uncommon; causes include trauma, inflammation, or neoplasm. METHODS: We report a patient who fell and struck his head during a myocardial infarction, was treated with streptokinase, and developed symptoms and signs of an isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy. RESULTS: Imaging showed hemorrhage in the trigeminal nerve root; follow-up imaging showed resolution of the hemorrhage, but no underlying structural lesion. CONCLUSION: A combination of head trauma plus thrombolysis resulted in an isolated trigeminal neuropathy.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1997

CNP2 mRNA directs synthesis of both CNP1 and CNP2 polypeptides.

The ribosome scanning model for translational initiation predicts that eukaryotic mRNAs should, as a rule, be monocistronic. However, cases have recently been described of eukaryotic mRNAs producing more than one protein through alternative translational initiation at several different AUG codons. The present work reports the occurrence of two translational start sites on the mRNA encoding isoform 2 of the myelin marker enzyme 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) in rat and mouse. We show that the CNP2 mRNA is able to direct synthesis of not only CNP2, but also CNP1 polypeptide. Immunoprecipitation experiments using a polyclonal antibody directed against CNP detect both CNP isoforms in tissues or cell lines expressing only the CNP2 transcript. Thus, the synthesis of CNP1 and CNP2 polypeptides must be encoded by the CNP2 transcript. In vitro translation of synthetic CNP2 mRNA demonstrates that both CNP isoforms are synthesized by initiation at different AUG codons. Furthermore, by introducing mutations to "switch off" translation from the second in-frame AUG codon in the CNP2 cDNA, and transfecting 293T cells with those constructs, we are able to correlate the production of CNP1 and CNP2 with different translational start sites. These results lead us to conclude that the CNP2 mRNA is able to produce both CNP1 and CNP2 polypeptides. This investigation has altered our understanding of the temporal expression of the CNP protein isoforms during development of the central nervous system (CNS).

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1996

Differential intracellular sorting of the myelin-associated glycoprotein isoforms.

Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a myelin-specific protein, is expressed as two isoforms, designated as L-MAG and S-MAG. Both share identical extracellular and transmembrane domains but differ in their cytoplasmic domains. L-MAG is expressed earlier during myelination than S-MAG. These features, as well as others, suggest that the isoforms have different functions. To confirm this hypothesis, both isoforms were expressed transiently and stably in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells, and the localization of the isoforms was studied. In both transiently and stably transfected cells, L-MAG sorted primarily to the basolateral membrane. In single transfected cells, S-MAG sorted primarily to the apical membrane. When groups of adjacent cells became transiently transfected, S-MAG accumulated at areas of cell-cell contact within the basolateral membrane. In stably transfected cells S-MAG sorted to the basolateral membrane. The data suggest that L-MAG contains an invariable basolateral sorting signal, but that the sorting of S-MAG is dependent upon extrinsic factors, such as coexpression by adjacent (contacting) cells. As MDCK cells sort the MAG isoforms differently, these data support the hypothesis that the MAG isoforms do perform different functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Upper airway involvement in Parkinson's disease resulting in postoperative respiratory failure.

A 71-yr-old man with a six-year history of Parkinson's disease (PD), Type II diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, and remote 20 pack-year smoking history, underwent an anterior resection of the rectum for carcinoma. Sixty hours later, the patient suffered a respiratory arrest; his antiparkinsonian medications had not been resumed. Preoperative flow-volume loops showed the characteristic saw-tooth pattern of PD indicating dysfunction of the striated muscle of the upper airway. Although postoperative respiratory distress was managed as lower airway obstruction, at the time of intubation there were no signs of lower airway pathology. Upper airway dysfunction and obstruction secondary to PD is thought to have been a contributing factor to the postoperative respiratory distress and failure. This case is presented to draw attention to the risk of upper airway dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease, especially with the withdrawal of antiparkinsonian medications.

Aged↗