The future of the modern world, which in its structure is a Leonardo world, depends on the future of science. Science solves problems but it creates problems, too. Hence, the conflict over scientific (and technological) progress is normal and talk about a crisis of acceptance is misleading. Freedom of research--within the scientific triangle formed by pure basic research, application-oriented basic research, and applied research for product development--finds its limits in the responsibility of the scientist. The scientific imperative, without which a Leonardo world cannot survive, must be supplemented by an ethical imperative, without which it cannot steer a reasonable course.

Civil Rights↗

PubMed1989

[The environment and health. Of the difficulty of reconciling environmental and health standards in cultural nature].

Scientific cultures, i.e. modern industrial societies, create their own environment. The expression denoting such a creation is a Kultur-Natur ('cultural nature') determined by environmental and health standards. These standards are neither natural laws nor can they be derived from nature. They are instead a part of human rationality. They also have an ethical dimension. The argument focuses on the following aspects: (scientific and technological) rationality as problem solver and problem producer, exploration of the concept of the Kultur-Natur, the status of environmental and health standards, presenting the case for the concept of rational ethics (Vernunftethik) against the concept of ecological ethics and the supplementation of a research imperative by an ethical imperative.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗