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Biomedical subjects

J Miyata

Publications and source records attributed to J Miyata.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[A trial with single-agent vinorelbine in taxane-resistant non-small cell lung cancer].

It is reported that the single-agent administration of vinorelbine (VNR) is improper in salvage therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. However, there are few reports on its use as second line in taxane-containing chemotherapy. We used single-agent VNR administration for nine cases of taxane-resistant non-small cell lung cancer, and an antitumor effect was seen in four cases. We present three of these cases. A factor for the high response rate is considered to be that vinca alkaloid is not used as a pre-treatment. Moreover, VNR may be effective even if there is a gene mutation for beta tubulin, which causes taxane resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Combination chemotherapy of carboplatin and docetaxel for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)].

Since mid-1997, we have treated 60 patients with advanced NSCLC with carboplatin (CBDCA) plus docetaxel (TXT). CBDCA (300-400 mg/m2) and TXT (60 mg/m2) were given on day 1 every 3 weeks. The mean treatment cycle was 2.3 +/- 1.4 (range 1-7). Fifty-four patients had measurable tumors, of whom 2 patients achieved a complete response and 19 patients achieved a partial response (37.0%, 95% CI: 24.3-51.3%) (Ad 12/29, Sq 7/23, Lar 1/2). Median survival time was 12.8 months and 1 year survival was 53.6%. AUC of CBDCA was not related to response (AUC of responders and non-responders was 3.29). Myelosuppression was moderate (WBC 2,284 mm3, range 800-4,700, PLT 16.4 x 10(4) mm3, range 6.6-41.5 x 10(4), Hb 10.9 g/dl, range 6.4-15.8). Leukocytopenia was related to AUC of CBDCA (R2 = 0.1093) but thrombocytopenia was not related to AUC of CBDCA (R2 = 0.0553). Gastrointestinal toxicity was mild (grade 0-1: 57%, grade 2: 35%, grade 3: 8%, grade 4: 0%). Treatment with CBDCA plus TXT combination is safe and effective in patients with NSCLC.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Asymmetric synthesis of 4-deoxyverrucarol via two types of ring expansion reactions

Asymmetric synthesis of a trichothecane analogue, 4-deoxyverrucarol (2), was carried out through two types of ring expansion reactions. First, synthesis of the racemate of 2 was investigated. Thus, 1-[1-(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)-ethyl]-1-methoxycarbonyl-2-hexen-4-on e (10), prepared by Diels-Alder reaction, was converted into the cyclopropylidene 15. The cyclobutanone (+/-)-18 was obtained from 15 via dihydroxylation, followed by successive treatments with SO(2)Cl(2) in the presence of imidazole and Florisil. After transformation of (+/-)-18 into the vinylcyclobutanol (+/-)-19, the second ring expansion reaction was performed with Pd(OAc)(2) to provide the cyclopentanone (+/-)-20. The product was converted into the racemate of 4-deoxyverrucarol (2) through the cyclohexenone (+/-)-22, but the diastereoselectivity during the introduction of the double bond was unsatisfactory. The selectivity was improved in the case of the asymmetric synthesis. The optically active cyclobutanone (+)-18 was prepared via AD reaction of 15 with 73% ee. After the transformation of (+)-18 into the cyclohexanone (-)-30 through the palladium-mediated ring expansion reaction, (-)-30 was subjected to the diastereoselective deprotonation reaction using the chiral amide. The key synthetic intermediate (-)-25 of 4-deoxyverrucarol (2) was synthesized in an optically pure form by taking advantage of a kind of kinetic resolution that occurred during the deprotonation step.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

[Clinicopathologic study of adult-onset membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis].

We analyzed clinicopathologic characteristics of adult-onset membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) by comparing two tentatively-classified subgroups. Group A consisted of 9 patients in whom more than 50% of glomeruli showed mixed segmental and global duplication of glomerular basement membrane (GBM), and Group B 9 patients with global duplication of GBM. Group A showed a tendency for more favorable clinical course and outcome than Group B. Nephrotic syndrome was present in 33% of Group A and 100% in Group B, hypertension in 22% and 44%, hypocomplementemia in 44% and 67% at the time of renal biopsy. Deterioration of renal function, at comparable durations of follow-up of 62 +/- 12 (M +/- SE) and 53 +/- 13 months, was observed in 22% of Group A and 56% in Group B, respectively. Histologically, mesangial proliferation and tubulointerstitial change were more pronounced and frequency of sclerosing glomeruli was greater in Group B. There was also a negative correlation between the extent of global double contour and renal function as assessed by creatinine clearance at the time of renal biopsy (r = -0.55, P less than 0.05). These results indicate that the high incidence of global double contour, in addition to the presence of marked tubulointerstitial change and sclerosing glomeruli, may relate to progressive deterioration of renal function in MPGN. That outcomes for Group A and Group B may be different when clinical parameters, including the durations from onset of symptoms to the time of biopsy and length of follow-up periods, are comparable also indicates that these two groups should be considered separate entities, at least on the basis of clinical results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Changes in plasma, erythrocytes and tissue polyamine levels in patients with colorectal cancer].

Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) are closely linked to cellular synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein, and are thought to be an indicator of cell proliferation. Plasma, erythrocytes and tissue polyamine levels in 58 patients with colorectal cancer were measured to survey the relationship between polyamines and stage classification. The polyamine levels of plasma, erythrocytes and tissue in patients were increased significantly compared with those of controls. Plasma spermine and erythrocytes spermidine and spermine levels were increased with the advance of stage. In plasma and erythrocytes, spermidine/spermine ratios were decreased in accordance with the stages. On the contrary, the polyamine levels and the ratio in cancer tissue were not varied in all stages. These results present the following conclusions. Although cancer tissue has higher proliferative activity than normal mucosa, these activities of main tumors in each stage are not fluctuated. The polyamine levels in plasma and erythrocytes are possibly influenced by tumor burden and therefore those could be an useful marker for indicating the stage of colorectal cancer.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Effect of hyperlipidemia on glomerular sclerosis in unilateral nephrectomized rats.

The development of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) and its relation to hypertriglycemia were studied in unilateral nephrectomized rats. Group A (n = 6), fed standard rat chow supplemented with 20% beef tallow and 0.6% cholic acid for 25 weeks, showed evidence of hypertriglycemia (109.4 +/- 4.3 mg/dl). Group B (n = 7) was given the same rat chow as group A, but they did not have high serum levels of TG (66.4 +/- 2.3 mg/dl). Group C (n = 6) were the controls and their serum TG levels were 53.0 +/- 3.8 mg/dl. The incidence of FSGS and body weight was significantly higher in group A than in groups B (p less than 0.01) and C (p less than 0.05). In all three groups, rats with over a 4% FSGS revealed significantly high serum TG levels, proteinuria, and body weight, as compared with rats with less than 1% of FSGS. The serum cholesterol levels did not correlate with the incidence of FSGS. We tentatively conclude that hypertriglycemia induced by a diet rich in saturated fatty acid may play an important role in the production and progression of FSGS.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in partially nephrectomized rats.

Evening primrose oil, safflower oil, and salmon oil, all with high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, were fed to partially nephrectomized rats; the effects were compared to those of feeding beef tallow. All three oils had favorable effects on progression of renal failure, salmon oil on kidney histology as well. The changes induced in platelet production of thromboxane A2, and in the renal production of various eicosanoids may explain the protective role of these oils.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hyperamylasemia associated with endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary: case report and immunohistochemical study.

Hyperamylasemia was noted in a patient with a stage I well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Serum levels of amylase decreased rapidly after removal of the ovarian tumor. Immunohistochemical study revealed intracytoplasmic localization of amylase in many tumor cells. Although it was strongly suspected that the tumor cells had produced amylase in the present patient, further studies are required to be sure that amylase can be considered an important tumor marker for the endometrioid type of ovarian tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation and correlation of clinical and histological features of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Clinico-histological features in 32 patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) were examined. Thirteen (group A1) were diagnosed as cases of FSGS within 2 years of the onset of NS, and 8 (61%) showed progressive renal dysfunction. Ten (group A2) developed FSGS more than 2 years after the onset of NS and had a favorable prognosis. Nine (group B) differed from groups A1 and A2 in that the remaining nonsclerosed glomeruli showed slight mesangial proliferation. All but 1 patient of group B developed FSGS within 2 years of the onset of NS, and the prognosis was poor. No patient studied showed a transition between groups A and B. In some patients, lipoid nephrosis preceded FSGS, in group A2. Thus, for an accurate prediction of the prognosis, FSGS should be divided into three subclasses, based on clinico-histological features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The strong association of HLA-DR4 with spherical mesangial dense deposits in IgA nephropathy.

41 Japanese patients with primary IgA nephropathy (IgA GN) were determined for HLA-A, -B, -C and -DR antigens. The frequency of HLA-DR4 increased slightly in total patients compared with 63 normal control persons, but this increase was not statistically significant. However, 24 patients with spherical mesangial dense deposits (SMDD) in electron micrograph out of 41 patients with IgA GN were found to have markedly increased incidence of HLA-DR4 (chi 2 = 11.52, Relative risk = 6.45, Corrected p less than 0.03). In contrast to this finding, 17 patients without SMDD had no association with any particular HLA antigens. These results suggest that IgA GN might be subdivided by the association of HLA and electron microscopic findings into at least 2 types.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A case of nephrotic syndrome with urinary excretion of lipoproteins.

A 47-year-old woman with nephrotic syndrome (membranous glomerulonephropathy) who excreted high, low density lipoproteins (HDL, LDL) which are almost similar to serum HDL and LDL, and small amount of slightly deformed very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the urine has been presented.

Electrophoresis, Agar Gel↗