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Biomedical subjects

J Mohiuddin

Publications and source records attributed to J Mohiuddin.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Salivary amylase and pancreatic enzymes in serum after total body irradiation.

Amylase increases in serum after total body irradiation (TBI). To investigate whether this increase is ascribable to pancreatic or salivary amylase, or both, we measured the post-irradiation activity concentration of the three major pancreatic enzymes (trypsin, amylase, and lipase) and of salivary-type amylase in serum from six leukemic patients given TBI before bone-marrow transplantation. Salivary amylase increased by as much as 50-fold after TBI, peaking on the first day after the irradiation. The increase was associated with the development of clinical parotitis. Pancreatic trypsin, total amylase, and lipase increased inconsistently and to a much smaller degree. There were no associated clinical features of pancreatitis. Our data show that, at the dose of radiation given to our patients, there is no danger of pancreatitis as a complication, but parotitis is a consistent development after TBI.

Amylases↗
PubMed1985

Non-suppression of cortisol secretion by long term treatment with ketoconazole in patients with acute leukaemia.

Ketoconazole, a potent antifungal agent, inhibits adrenal steroidogenesis in normal subjects during short term treatment. Since this drug is used in the long term prophylaxis of fungal infections in patients with haematological malignancies, we have investigated whether such patients have evidence of adrenocortical suppression. Six patients on long term prophylaxis with ketoconazole were given tetracosactrin stimulation tests. All patients had high basal cortisol concentrations, which increased further after administration of 25 IU of tetracosactrin. It is concluded that leukaemic patients receiving long term ketoconazole treatment do not have adrenocortical suppression. They may, in fact, have hyperstimulated adrenocortical function due to stress and hypovolaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance in nutritional osteomalacia.

To confirm recent observations that some vitamin D deficient osteomalacic patients had low plasma creatinine concentrations, low urinary creatinine excretion, and a paradoxically low creatinine clearance, and whether these changes were due to vitamin D deficiency per se, these measurements were made in patients before and after vitamin D supplementation. The pretreatment levels were also compared with those in healthy controls and in non-osteomalacic patients without renal disease. The above changes were confirmed. After treatment with vitamin D, plasma creatinine concentrations rose, but urinary creatinine excretion and creatinine clearance did not alter. These data indicate the limitation of creatinine clearance as an index of renal function in vegetarian osteomalacic patients. Furthermore, they demonstrate the effect of vitamin D deficiency and its reversal on plasma creatinine concentrations.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1984

Galactorrhoea following hypophysectomy in a boy with a prolactinoma.

An 18-year-old boy with delayed puberty was found to have a large prolactinoma. Hypophysectomy led to a fall in serum prolactin concentration, although it remained markedly elevated. The introduction of replacement therapy, including testosterone, resulted in painful swelling of the breasts and galactorrhoea. Bromocriptine therapy resulted in a cessation of galactorrhoea and normalization of serum prolactin concentrations. The absence of galactorrhoea in association with an astronomical concentration of prolactin, and its onset in association with diminished prolactin concentrations following hypophysectomy and the introduction of testosterone therapy, indicate that galactorrhoea requires the presence of high prolactin concentrations to act on mature breast tissue. This would account for the rarity of galactorrhoea in prepubertal children with prolactinomas.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1984

Serum pancreatic enzymes in the elderly.

Immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) and pancreatic lipase were measured in serum from 37 geriatric in-patients (median age 77.5 years) without history of diarrhoea, pancreatic disease, diabetes or acute or chronic alcoholic intake. IRT and pancreatic lipase concentrations/activity were strongly correlated and were markedly elevated when compared with a control population of 22 subjects (median age 27 years). Such elevations in pancreatic enzymes indicate a subclinical damage of exocrine pancreatic tissue. Assessment of exocrine pancreatic function in the geriatric age group should not be based on pancreatic enzyme levels in serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Persistence of parathyroid hypersecretion after vitamin D treatment in Asian vegetarians.

An investigation into plasma calcium concentrations and the biochemical factors which regulate it in vegetarian Asian subjects without clinical or radiological features of osteomalacia revealed the presence of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and elevated PTH concentrations, even in the presence of calcium levels in the normal range (up to 2.35 mmol/liter). These elevated PTH concentrations, though not as high as those in osteomalacic patients with hypocalcemia, often persisted despite treatment with vitamin D, normalization of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and an increase in calcium concentrations. In one patient the PTH concentration remained high even when the plasma calcium concentration became supranormal. Therefore, secondary hyperparathyroidism is commonly associated with vegetarianism, and may play an important role in maintaining calcium concentrations within the normal range. Persistent elevation of PTH despite normalization of 25-hydroxyvitamin D also points to autonomous PTH hypersecretion, which may result in osteolysis in the long term, and raises the question of the need for vitamin D supplementation in vegetarians with low dietary intake of vitamin D.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2↗