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Biomedical subjects

J More

Publications and source records attributed to J More.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A monoclonal antibody to human insulin-like growth factor-I: characterization, use in radioimmunoassay and effect on the biological activities of the growth factor.

A monoclonal antibody (BPL-M23) to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was obtained following immunization of BALB/c mice with human IGF-I conjugated to ovalbumin. The affinity constant of BPL-M23 for IGF-I was 10.5 litres/nmol and the cross-reactivities of IGF-II, multiplication-stimulating activity III-2 and insulin were 0.8, 0.03 and less than 0.0001% respectively. Porcine, bovine, ovine and rabbit sera, but not rat or mouse sera, showed substantial reactivity with the antibody. Comparison of radioimmunoassay analyses of 54 human serum samples from normal subjects and acromegalic and GH-deficient patients using BPL-M23 and a polyclonal rabbit antiserum (R557A) to human IGF-I showed a high correlation, indicating the usefulness of the monoclonal antibody in radioimmunoassay. Monoclonal antibody BPL-M23 was capable of abolishing the sulphation, mitogenic and insulin-like activities of IGF-I in in-vitro bioassays, suggesting that these activities may rely upon the same receptor-binding site which is near to the antibody-binding site.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The urethral muscle (musculus urethralis) of the female calf. Anatomical, histological, histochemical and morphometrical data.

Parts of the female urethra were examined topographically and microscopically in the female calf. The thickness and the straight course of the fibres of the musculus urethralis could best be analyzed in the ventromedian region of the urethra. Examination of the surface area and the distribution of the two primary metabolic fibre types showed that the urethral muscle is capable of contracting quickly with predominantly anaerobic metabolism. The different relationships between type I and type II fibres could be determined also in relation to the position of the lamina propria mucosae.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of 2 anabolizing substances with estrogenic action on the urethral muscle of the calf. Histochemical and morphometric study].

The testing of anabolizer utilization in cattle farming needs quick, sure and cheap detection techniques. The administration of oestrogen to cattle produces hypertrophy of the prostate, bulbourethral glands and urethral muscle. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of the association of zeranol (an hormonomimetic drug acting as an oestrogen) and trembolone (a steroidic structure originating from testosterone) on the urethral muscle of bull calves which is easy to sample in the slaughter-house. An histoenzymological and morphometric study of the urethral muscle of 90 bull calves that had been treated showed considerable hypertrophy in transversal sections of the muscle fibers that was increased by more than 90% in the two main types of striated muscle fiber. The morphological method used is proposed for monitoring the meat of untreated bull calves, requested by a class of consumers.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Nifedipine in the treatment of renal colic.

A double-blind randomized, clinical trial was conducted in 43 patients to evaluate the efficacy of sublingual nifedipine in the treatment of pain in renal colic. Comparison was made with a combination of dipyrone, pitofenone and fenpipramide, which is usually administered intravenously in Spain. With nifedipine, pain completely disappeared in 44% of the cases, and with the combination of drugs, in 89% (p less than 0.005). More adverse effects were noted with the combination than with nifedipine. Both treatments brought about a slight drop in arterial pressure without leading to hypotension in any case. There was no change in heart rate. The possible causes of the relatively low level of success with nifedipine were analyzed. The possibility of using nifedipine under certain circumstances in which other drugs are contraindicated or when their administration is unfeasible is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An in vivo model for pharmacokinetic studies in the kidney.

In order to assess drug renal kinetics in vivo, the two kidneys of seven ewes were surgically placed under the skin. Through the use of renal function tests and a series of biopsies, we found that the kidneys remained normal in their subcutaneous location. Gentamicin renal kinetics were evaluated in conscious animals by a series of biopsies. Histological controls showed only slight lesions due to biopsy; based upon plasma hydrocortisone concentration, there was no indication of chronic stress affecting the renal pharmacokinetics. We suggest that this model has great potential as a method for studying in vivo the kinetics of drug disposition in the renal tissue and assessing the residue level of a drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Impairment of drug metabolism by the liver in experimental fascioliasis in the rat.

Fascioliasis has been produced in the rat by an oral administration of 20 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 and b5 contents and both aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase activities have been measured during the course of the experimental distomiasis. The cytochrome P450 concentration and microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes generally fell by weeks 3 to 8 post-infestation and recovered to normal values thereafter. For the same period, both the histoenzymatically assayed liver cytochrome oxidase and arylsulphatase activities were reduced whereas there were correlated increases in glutamic pyruvic and glutamic oxaloacetic plasma transaminases. Tissue inflammation and destruction provoked by young histophagous migrating flukes could be responsible for these changes that have already been observed in several hepatic diseases. The possible influence of naturally-induced fasciolasis on liver drug metabolism is discussed.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of the trace metal supplements for a synthetic low lactose diet.

A trace element supplement used with a synthetic low lactose milk (Galactomins 17 and 18) has been evaluated by means of metabolic balance studies in 4 infants with dissacharide intolerances. The supplement was considered satisfactory for iron and manganese but increases in its zinc and copper content are probably necessary to ensure adequate retentions of these metals.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1982

Spontaneous motility of the cervix in cyclic and ovariectomized ewes and changes induced by exogenous hormones.

Continuous recordings of the electrical and mechanical activities of the cervix were made. Two basic patterns of electrical signal, short spike bursts and long spike bursts, showed close mechanical relationships with the record of mechanical activity. Electrical activity was organized in myoelectrical complexes including the regular alternation of phases of irregular spiking activity and phases of regular spiking activity. The myoelectrical complexes of the cervix existed independently of the sexual status although the frequency of recurrence did vary. The highest frequency was recorded during the periovulatory period around oestrus when each complex was synchronized with a similar pattern recorded from the uterine horns. At the end of the periovulatory period, the irregular spiking activity decreased, the myoelectrical complex pattern of the cervix and uterine horns consisting mainly of regular spiking activity at a high frequency until metoestrus. During the luteal phase, only the cervix remained active, with myoelectrical complexes formed mainly by phases of regular spiking activity recurring at long intervals. This pattern was also recorded after ovariectomy in the absence of hormonal treatment.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1982

The effect of cimetidine on meal-stimulated gastric function and exogenous pancreatic enzymes in cystic fibrosis.

Some patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have malabsorption of fat and protein in spite of large amounts of supplemental pancreatic enzymes. This is partly due to acid inactivation of exogenous pancreatic enzymes in the stomach. The effect of cimetidine on gastric function and exogenous pancreatic enzymes was assessed by a marker perfusion technique in 4 CF children in a double-blind controlled fashion. Gastric acid secretion was higher in CF patients than in controls (P less than 0.005) and was reduced significantly by oral cimetidine (P less than 0.02). Rapid inactivation of exogenous trypsin and lipase occurred when gastric pH fell to less than 4.5. There was no loss of enzyme activity during treatment with cimetidine when gastric pH remained above 5.5. Activity of lipase and trypsin in the jejunum improved in all subjects. Fat and nitrogen absorption assessed by a balance technique during the study period showed a small improvement in fat absorption while on cimetidine. We conclude that some CF patients have a high meal-stimulated gastric acid output which causes inactivation of trypsin and lipase. Cimetidine was effective in reducing acid secretion in such patients and led to small improvements in fat absorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Is there a functional large intestine in the ferret?

The intestine of the ferret (Putorius furo) is unusual in that there is no external anatomical division between ileum and colon. Up to 8-10 cm from the anus the electrical activity was organized into migrating myoelectric complexes typical of the small intestine. At this point the pattern of electrical activity changed abruptly to that characteristic of the colon, namely short and long spike burst activity. Histological examination showed that at this point the muscular layers were interrupted by a band of connective tissue sufficient to permit the functional autonomy of the last part of the intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Sensibility of rabbits to treatment with ampicillin and gentamycin (author's transl)].

Ampicillin administered to rabbits (20 mg/kg per day) over a period of three days subsequently provoked a death rate of 40%. No deaths were observed after treatment with gentamycin (10 mg/kg per day) or with a combination of ampicillin and gentamycin. On the fourth day weight loss in the three treated groups was 12%, 11% and 9%, respectively, compared to controls. At the same time food intake in the treated groups was only 15% to 20% of the amount consumed by controls. In the caecum, ampicillin treatment resulted in dominance of a strain of Enterobacter aerogenes. Gentamycin had no effect on bacterial flora, although in combination with ampicillin, the number of caecal bacteria (aerobic and anaerobic) was reduced. Flora modification might be responsible for accumulation of NH3 and an unbalance of free acids. Caecotrophy was inhibited by administration of ampicillin. When administered intramuscularly, ampicillin produced results comparable with those obtained orally, although gentamycin was ineffective.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Symptomatic zinc deficiency in a breast-fed preterm infant.

A 2-month-old preterm boy who developed symptomatic zinc deficiency while being exclusively breast fed is described. Oral zinc supplements induced a complete remission but mucosal 65Zn uptake studies and metabolic balances conducted before and after withdrawal of the supplements excluded the diagnosis of acrodermatitis enteropathica. By age 12 months the boy was well and no longer required zinc supplements. Other possible causes of this patient's symptomatic zinc deficiency are discussed and these should be considered in the immediate and long-term management of preterm infants.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of a C-2 fracture during physiatric consultation: a case report.

Consultation in the acute care setting allows physiatrists to make significant contributions. In our case, a 90-year-old woman presented to the emergency room after falling down five stairs. Six view C-spine films taken at that time revealed no fracture. She was sent home on anti-inflammatory medication and was later admitted for gastritis. A repeat six-view C-spine series again revealed no fracture. Physiatry was then consulted to prescribe modalities and therapies for "cervical strain." On examination, the patient demonstrated severely decreased neck range of motion limited by pain, with pain radiating down her right arm. Physiatry recommended obtaining a C-spine magnetic resonance image to rule out occult fracture or herniated disc before proceeding with therapies. The magnetic resonance image revealed a complex C-2 fracture consisting of a Type III odontoid component. Computed tomographic scan was then performed to obtain a high-resolution assessment of the bony architecture. The computed tomographic scan revealed a high degree of comminution, including bilateral pedicle fractures and a fracture through the left transverse foramen of C-2. The patient was placed in a hard cervical collar and seen by a neurosurgeon. Had therapies been initiated before physiatric consultation, the patient could have experienced significant neurologic complications, including the possibility of becoming tetraplegic. This case demonstrates that physiatrists play a crucial role in the evaluation of acute care patients before the initiation of therapies. The authors will review pertinent history and the results of physical and diagnostic tests.

Accidental Falls↗