Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Morgner.
We examined 50 patients with endogenous depressions and 50 patients with schizophrenic psychosis. We found disturbed colour vision in 54 % of the endogenous depressions and in 72 % of the schizophrenic psychosis. We discuss the aetiopathogenic from disturbed colour vision in the endogenous psychosis.
8% of the men and approximately 0.5% of the women in a normal population suffer from congenital colour anomaly. We examined 75 women suffering from endogenous depressions. We found disturbed colour vision in 63% of them. We discuss the aetiopathogenic relationship between endogenous depression and disturbed colour vision.
A random sample of patients (n = 43) had been investigated to detect any difference in response of bright light therapy in lithium-treated inpatients (n = 18) suffering from depression. Only 27% of the lithium-based inpatients respond to bright light therapy, but 73% of patients respond who were not treated with lithium. We conclude that lithium therapy reduces the chance of achieving t remission of depression by bright light therapy.
The slight therapeutic breadth involved means that manic depressive lithium prophylaxis may call for life-long routine management. The lithium/serum-level checks required hitherto are here compared with a non-invasive method, that of determining the lithium level from a mixture of the patient's saliva, a method involving no danger that will eventually assume considerable importance.
Nosological questions in psychiatry imply core questions of understanding and interpretation in the field of mental illness. The model of unitary psychosis in contrast to the hypothesis of nosological entities has been discussed in controversial terms for a long time. This history of psychiatry in review of a hundred years' development of psychopathology, neurobiological sources and psychosociological conditions points out the multiplicity of adaptive processes in a multifactorial-multiconditional way. Nosological entities such as formulated by Leonhard would have a promising interpretation in the framework of a unitary approach in the philosophy by Rennert and the analysis of various psychodynamic axes.
After a short review of the German literature dealing with basal schizophrenic disturbances, the authors present the results of their own studies involving 135 schizophrenics. A large inventory of statistical methods is used to present the findings gained during differential neuroleptic therapy by means of the Frankfurt complaints questionnaire and the structured psychopathic assessment system (SPES-A). The studies indicate that basal schizophrenic disturbances are accessible to (differential) neuroleptic influence.
After a review of the literature dealing with pedophilia, the results of an analysis of 100 forensic psychiatric reports dealing with pedophile criminals are described. They show that, except for a few homosexual pedophiles, pedophilia is a pseudoperversion originating from different developmental conditions and, in individual cases, verifiable personality traits. The authors discuss problems involved in the forensic-psychiatric assessment of these delinquents. Attention is drawn to the necessity of purposeful, coordinated further education in this respect to enable the existing considerable discrepancies between forensic-psychiatric evaluation of these and other sexual deviants to be overcome.
The authors deal with the question as to whether the target symptom "disturbed time perception" is to be considered a basic schizophrenic symptom and whether therapeutical (neuroleptic) control possibilities exist. 135 schizophreniacs have given statistical evidence (intensity quotient, Wilcoxon comparison, Hotelling-Pabst test, exact probability test according to Fisher/Yates) that the disturbed time perception of schizophreniacs is accessible by a differentiated neuroleptic therapy but is not a basic schizophrenic disturbance.
Small solitary or multiple cystic lesions were found in the hemispheres of 3.6% of all patients suffering from cerebrovascular disorders, seizures, system degeneration or skull or brain injuries who were examined by PEG. Such lesions were especially frequent in patients in their forties to sixties. The absence of corresponding changes in the results of electroencephalographic, scintillation scanning and angiographic examination makes PEG an indispensable tool for prognosis in such cases.
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The findings and opinions which are of greater importance for clinical practice with respect to the etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnostics and therapy of cryptococcosis of the central nervous system are discussed with special consideration of the cerebrospinal fluid findings and in evaluation of two cases treated by the authors. Crytococcosis of the CNS produces no clinical pictures that are only typical of it. Favourable curing changes, however, only exist if a specific therapy is initiated systematically and at an early time, for which the application of a combination of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosin is considered as the therapy of first choice today. Hints are given that should make an inclusion of cryptococcosis in the differential-diagnostic consideration possible.
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The authors examined 54 epileptic patients with a view to prove the presence of an immunological cerebrospinal fluid syndrome. The result showed that a significant immunoglobulin depression could not be proved by means of a cerebrospinal fluid test.
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After an introductory survey of the literature, a report is given on three own observations of chronic tactile hallucinosis which occurred in 0.09 per cent of a non-selected group of patients. Nosological problems are discussed. In two cases the results of the neuroradiological examinations suggested an atrophy of the brain stem including the thalamus. The authors suppose that these findings are of importance in the pathogenesis of chronic tactile hallucinosis and that the syndrome can be classified among the cerebro-organic reaction forms.
The authors report two cases with roentgenomophologically established cerebellar atrophy caused by chronic diphenylhydantoin overdosing. Exact neuropsychiatric testing of epileptics treated with diphenylhydantoin for a long period of time is demanded, and it is recommended that in the case of long-time therapy a maximum daily dose of 0.3 g of diphenylhydantoin be not exceeded.