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Biomedical subjects

J Muñoz

Publications and source records attributed to J Muñoz.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
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Ultrastructural pathology of parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism: a report of 69 cases.

The ultrastructural features of 69 parathyroid glands from 43 patients with hyperparathyroidism were studied to distinguish between different parathyroid lesions causing hyperparathyroidism. Samples came from 44 cases of hyperplasia, 21 of adenoma, 3 of carcinoma, and 1 from a histologically normal gland. To establish the diagnosis we took into account intraoperative findings during surgery as well as light microscopic examination. Ultrastructural features, evaluated on a semiquantitative scale, were correlated with diagnostic, clinical, and biochemical parameters. Neoplastic glands were heavier than nonneoplastic ones, and carcinomatous glands were heavier than adenomatous glands. Our findings suggest that the cellular membrane of adenomatous glands shows more folding than that of hyperplastic glands, mainly in the capillary pole. Carcinomatous glands show the greatest degree of irregularity, with the formation of microvilli-like projections. Hyperplastic glands, in turn, are richer in glycogen deposition. Secretory granules appear in higher amounts when the serum calcium level is high. These findings are not of diagnostic value by themselves, but they can be taken in consideration to aid in differential diagnosis.

Adenoma↗
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Unimage, a new RIS for the DIOGENE 2 environment at Geneva Cantonal University Hospital.

The effective management of a radiology department depends on adequate computing tools for imaging specialists--radiologists and technicians--and administrators. The rapid evolution of imaging techniques in radiology requires flexible systems for describing the daily operation of a service and accessing data generated by every possible source. In order to compensate for the insufficiencies of our current radiology information system (RIS), and within the framework of the migration towards the DIOGENE 2 hospital information system, a new RIS, named Unimage, has been implemented at the Cantonal University Hospital of Geneva. Unimage has been designed not only to fit the current and future needs of the radiology department, but also to operate in different services, i.e. diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and therapy radiology. Among its functionalities, Unimage offers a simple two-way data communication with the PACS world. The technical choices we have made in the design of the new RIS include a distributed environment, as well as a graphical (X/Motif) user interface. The main functionalities and the technical implementation of Unimage are described in this paper.

Appointments and Schedules↗
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[Pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine as a preventive treatment for Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma encephalitis].

BACKGROUND: Few studies have been reported on the potential usefulness of Fansidar combination at a fixed doses of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine as prophylaxis for pneumonia by Pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasmic encephalitis. METHODS: The clinical histories of the patients seen in our department from January, 1992 to December, 1994 who were prescribed pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine for the above prophylactic treatment were reviewed. RESULTS: One hundred fifty clinical histories fulfilled the requisites for evaluation. Thirty-seven patients (24%) had a previous diagnosis of AIDS, with the median CD4 count being of 134/mm3. The median follow up of treatment with Fansidar was of 31 months. Twenty-eight cases of pneumonia by Pneumocystis carinii (6.9 cases for 100 patients-years) and 10 cases of toxoplasmic encephalitis (2.5 cases for 100 patients-years) were diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: These values are similar to those presented with respect to other pharmacologic interventions commonly used for the prevention of pneumonia by Pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasmic encephalitis and suggest that pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine is a useful alternative and requires consideration in individualized cases for the prophylaxis of these diseases.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
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[Short term synaptic plasticity].

INTRODUCTION: At many chemical synapses, the amount of transmitter released by each action potential can increase or decrease markedly after the onset of specific temporal patterns of activity. OBJECTIVES: This review focuses on mechanisms and functions of short term presynaptic plasticity that last from milliseconds to minutes. The short term enhancement of neurotransmitter release is due to three calcium dependent presynaptic processes differing in their durations: about one second or less (facilitation), about 30 seconds (augmentation) and several minutes (post tetanic potentiation). These forms of short term potentiation are usually attributed to a transient elevation in presynaptic calcium ions (Ca2+) concentration following the arrival of the action potential. Otherwise, presynaptic depression processes, as well as the facilitation ones, depend on neurotransmitter release probability. Thus, synapses with high release probability show few facilitation and are easily depressed because of their ability to deplete faster all synaptic vesicles of the ready releasable pool. CONCLUSIONS: Short term synaptic plasticity appears to serve as a flexible mechanism for temporal information processing in higher cortical integration.

Action Potentials↗
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[Renal mass as the initial manifestation of a metastasized oat-cell].

Renal metastasis of localized tumours in the economy are rare. In our series of 162 renal tumours only 3 were metastatic. Even more unusual is that the metastasis should be the presenting form. Such is the case we are reporting: a 59 year-old male complaining from back pain and toxic syndrome. Supplementary examinations were performed sequentially until arriving at an open biopsy which confirmed the oat cell histology. The paper explains the results from the various examinations. The ominous prognosis of this histology is illustrated.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
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Studies on the medicinal properties of Solanum chrysotrichum in tissue culture: I. Callus formation and plant induction from axillary buds.

A tissue culture method is described for micropropagation and callus formation from Solanum chrysotricum axillary bud explants in Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium, supplemented with various growth regulators. Induction of rooted plants were initiated only when indol-3 acetic acid (IAA) was present as an auxin in combination with either of two cytokinins: kinetin (KN) or benzyladenine (BA); however, the combination of IAA (0.1 mg.lt.-1) + BA (0.2 mg.lt.-1) was found to be best suited for morphogenesis purposes. Alternatively, callus tissue formation was influenced in presence of naphthalene acetic acid; which in combination with kinetin (NAA 0.1 mg.lt.-1 + KN 0.2 mg.lt.-1) exhibit the best response studied. The plant material obtained by this procedure is proposed for pharmacological and chemical studies of this important antimycotic plant remedy.

Culture Media↗
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[Hormonal treatment of cancer of the prostate].

We set forth the results obtained after application of a hormonal protocol in prostate carcinoma (P.C.) on 257 patients controlled between June 1976 and June 1987, of whom we have selected 160 who fulfilled the following requirements: under 80 years old, confirmed anatomopathological diagnosis, state equal to or above the T1 of the Union International contre le Cancer (U.I.C.C.) classification, tolerance of treatment applied, clinical, analytical and complete, systematic iconographic follow up and minimum survival of more than one year. We treated those patients with localised P.C. (they have no demonstrable metastases), who in our series numbered 78 (78/160), with Diethylethylbestrol (D.E.S.) at an orally administered dose of 1 mgr. a day. In these the plasma testosterone dropped below 100 nanograms/l. in 57 cases (57/79). In this case metastases appeared in 22 cases (22/78). We treated those patients with metastatized P.C., who in our series numbered 59 (59/160), with orally administered Estramustine Phosphate (Estracyt) at a dose of 560 mgr. every 24 h. in two goes. In these the plasma testosterone dropped below 100 nanograms/l. in 50 cases (50/59). In this group the metastases disappeared in 7 patients, became stabilized in 30 and worsened in the other 22 patients. We carried out surgical orchiectomy on 49 patients (49/160): in 17 cases due to associate vascular pathology, in 13 cases for sociocultural reasons, in 5 cases because of advanced age and in 14 cases it was conducted on patients with a poor response to D.E.S.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Connection between two peripherical markers in a group of asthmatic patients.

We have studied the goniometric value of the tda angle and the alpha 1 antitrypsin phenotypes in a group of thirty atopic patients with the following patterns: 1) they were affected with asthma, atopic dermatitis and rhinitis. 2) they presented positive prick skin tests for pneumo-allergens and had. 3) positive allergic antecedents. There exists a significant statistical value for the lower tda angle in the right hand, in the MZ phenotypes of alpha 1 antitrypsin bearers, with P less than 0.05 significance. In the left hand there are many individual values that are identical (62% of the total test effected) thus the statistical methods cannot be applied satisfactorily, bearing in mind the significant difference as the statistical group recognized. From this and other previous works, we can conclude that an individual whose right hand tda angle reaches values near 75%, and with a MZ phenotype of alpha 1 antitrypsin, has a greater possibility of pertaining to one of the groups of asthma, atopic dermatitis and rhinitis symptomatology.

Asthma↗