PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Mukai

Publications and source records attributed to J Mukai.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Hemolytic anemia and red blood cell metabolic disorder attributable to low phosphorus intake in cows.

Hypophosphatemia was induced in 2 cows by reducing phosphorus content in their feed after parturition. Serum inorganic phosphorus (Pi) values decreased to 1 mg/dl within 10 days after parturition; and RBC adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and reduced glutathione values decreased to 50 and 70% of baseline values, respectively. Methemoglobin concentration was moderately higher than normal. These changes preceded the onset of hemolysis, and anemia progressed with decreases in PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and RBC counts. Serum Pi resumed its normal value when anemia was most severe. This RBC disorder was confirmed to be characteristic of hemolytic anemia in cows resulting from hypophosphatemia. The RBC glycolytic intermediates, total triose phosphate (combined glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate content) and fructose-1,6-diphosphate, greatly increased in vivo and in vitro with decreases in serum or plasma Pi and RBC ATP. From our results, we concluded that inadequate Pi in the plasma impairs the function and viability of RBC by hindering the production of ATP via disturbance of reactions at the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase step.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Bovine postparturient hemoglobinemia: hypophosphatemia and metabolic disorder in red blood cells.

Mechanism of hemolysis in postparturient hemoglobinemia was studied in 7 cows. Cows 1 to 5 had a history of hemoglobinemia at a previous calving, but hemoglobinemia did not occur during the present parturition. Cow 6, a daughter of cow 4, and cow 7 from another farm, developed postparturient hemoglobinemia and had hemoglobinuria on days 20 and 21 and 10 to 17 after calving, respectively. During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, both cows had a marked decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus, RBC adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and reduced glutathione, and a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in methemoglobin concentration. In cow 6, these changes were observed before the onset of hemoglobinuria, indicating metabolic disorder of RBC. After phosphate administration IV, serum inorganic phosphorus was corrected, and RBC ATP was increased above base-line value. During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and RBC count decreased progressively and reached nadir values, 40% to 50% of baseline values, on day 22 in cow 6 and on day 19 in cow 7. Cows 6 and 7 were anemic, even after serum inorganic phosphorus and RBC ATP values returned to acceptable values. Glycolytic disorder and depletion of ATP, resulting from phosphorus deficiency, appeared to be a primary and essential step leading to hemolysis in postparturient hemoglobinemia in cows 6 and 7.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of ammonia on glucagon secretion from the perfused pancreas of cirrhotic rats.

Effects of ammonia on glucagon and insulin secretion from the perfused pancreas of cirrhotic rats were investigated to clarify the occurring mechanism of hypersecretion of pancreatic glucagon in liver cirrhotics. The results were as follows: During ammonia loading, insulin secretion was inhibited in a dose-related manner, whereas glucagon secretion was gradually increased at high concentrations of ammonia (2 mM) in control rats; this tendency was augmented in the presence of alpha-ketoglutarate in cirrhotic rats. On cessation of ammonia loading, a transient but definite increase in glucagon and insulin secretion was observed. Basal plasma glucagon and ammonia levels as well as basal glucagon secretion from the perfused pancreas of cirrhotic rats were significantly higher than in control rats. Basal insulin secretion from the perfused pancreas of cirrhotic rats was not different in spite of high levels of plasma insulin. Glucagon secretory response to glucose and arginine from the perfused pancreas of cirrhotic rats was higher than in the control pancreas, whereas insulin secretion was lower. In these cirrhotic rats, an increase in the number of islet cells, particularly A cells, was observed. These data suggested that hypersecretion of pancreatic glucagon which was responsible for hyperglucagonemia in cirrhotic rats might be attributed to high levels of ammonia and alpha-ketoglutarate in blood as well as to the fluctuation of abnormal ammonia concentration in blood and to the hypertrophy of islets, particularly of the A cell group due to hypersecretion.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1986

Application of dynamic computed tomography to physiologic imaging of renal artery stenosis before and after angioplasty.

This study describes the application of dynamic Computed Tomography (CT) of the kidneys to the diagnosis and evaluation of the physiology of renal artery stenosis before and after angioplasty. The CT imaging parameters are discussed in relationship to findings from other imaging modalities, which include renal arteriography, intravenous digital subtraction angiography, and radionuclide renography. Time density graphs of the renal cortex and medulla were obtained by the use of region of interest cursors, and the corticomedullary junction time (CMJT) was determined. The CMJT was prolonged in the setting of renal artery stenosis and was improved after angioplasty. Simple visual inspection alone provided sufficient information to diagnose renal artery stenosis. The pathophysiology of renal artery stenosis and the meaning of the abnormal findings is discussed. Dynamic CT provides a unique noninvasive means for cross-sectional physiologic imaging. The role of dynamic CT in the evaluation of renovascular hypertension and physiologic imaging in other areas requires further investigation.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II study of bronchial artery infusion of mitomycin C in non-small cell lung cancer].

A phase II study of bronchial artery infusion of mitomycin C (MMC) was performed in 14 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (6 patients with adenocarcinoma, 6 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 2 patients with large cell carcinoma). MMC at a dose of 20 mg was infused into the bronchial artery (total dose 20-60 mg, mean 27 mg). Among the 14 patients, one with adenocarcinoma of the lung showed partial response. The response rate for bronchial artery infusion of MMC was thus 7.1%. The toxic effects included anemia (35.7%), leukopenia (28.6%), thrombopenia (14.3%), elevation of GPT (14.3%), anorexia (14.3%), nausea (7.1%) and eruption (7.1%).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The inferior vena caval pseudo thrombus sign: diagnosis by dynamic CT after arm vein injection.

Pseudothrombus of the inferior vena cava has been observed after pedal infusion. Previously it has been suggested that this pitfall results from technique and that this finding would not be observed following fast computed tomographic scanning after arm vein injection. However, we have observed similar flow artifacts using the latter technique. A scan obtained up to 14 minutes after the start of the bolus or reinjection with delayed dynamic scanning can exclude thrombus without further investigation.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Utility and efficacy of portable chest radiographs.

Portable films were monitored for 10-day periods in 1979 and 1982. Information was gathered on the indications for the examinations, the number of positive findings and their relation to the clinical condition of the patient, and whether or not the examination was properly performed as a portable or emergency examination. There were positive radiographic findings in 45.4% of the examinations. The most common indication for requesting an examination was to monitor a known lesion including daily routine films; surprisingly, 37% of these examinations demonstrated new radiographic findings even though the patients demonstrated no change in their clinical status. Portable technique was indicated in 94% of the cases, while only 56% should have been ordered as an emergency.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Enhanced activity of 3'-pyrophospho coenzyme A.

3'-Super(pyro)phospho CoA synthesized by enzymic transfer of 5'-beta, alpha-pyrophosphoryl group from dATP to dephospho CoA at adenosine 3'-OH site catalysed by Streptomyces morookaensis ATP nucleotide pyrophosphokinase (EC 2.7.6.4). CoApp was found to be about twice more active than normal CoA as a cofactor of phospho-transacetylases from C. kluyveri, L. mesenteroides and E. coli. Acetyl CoApp was found to be about six times more active than normal acetyl CoA as an allosteric effector with E. coli phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. Significance of these findings was discussed.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1978

Acceptor specificity of ATP:nucleoside-5'-phosphate pyrophosphotransferase from Streptomyces adephospholyticus. Synthesis of the 3'-pyrophosphates of pyrimidine nucleotides, some oligoribonucleotides, 5'-diphosphonucleosidic coenzymes and mG-5'-ppp-5'-Am.

ATP: nucleoside-5'-phosphate pyrophosphotransferase [EC 2.7.6.4] of Streptomyces adephospholyticus synthesizes not only 3'-pyrophosphates of 5'-purine ribomononucleotides but also those of pyrimidine mononucleotides, some short oligonucleotides, a variety of 5'-diphosphonucleosidic coenzymes and mG-5'-ppp-5'-Am.

NAD↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of magnetic resonance imaging to physiologic and morphologic characterization of renal artery stenosis before and after angioplasty.

This study describes the application of dynamic gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography in the diagnosis and evaluation of the physiology of renal artery stenosis (RAS) before and after angioplasty. The MR imaging findings are discussed and compared to those of renal arteriography. MR time intensity curves of the renal cortex and medulla are obtained. Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced and angiographic MR data were abnormal in the setting of RAS and improved after angioplasty. The diagnosis of RAS could be made by visual inspection of MR dynamic images or MR angiographic images alone. Dynamic MR provides cross-sectional physiologic imaging data that compliments MR angiographic data. The role of dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR in the evaluation of renovascular hypertension requires further investigation.

Adult↗