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Biomedical subjects

J Mullaney

Publications and source records attributed to J Mullaney.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Stability of ceftazidime in plastic syringes and glass vials under various storage conditions.

The stability of ceftazidime solutions (100 and 200 mg/mL) in plastic syringes and glass vials under various storage conditions was examined. Solutions of ceftazidime 100 and 200 mg/mL in sterile water were placed in polypropylene plastic syringes or glass vials and stored (1) at 21-23 degrees C for up to 8 hours, (2) at 4 degrees C for up to 96 hours, (3) at -20 degrees C for 28 days and then 21-23 degrees C for up to 8 hours, (4) at -20 degrees C for 28 days and then 4 degrees C for up to 96 hours, (5) at -20 degrees C for 91 days and then 21-23 degrees C for up to 8 hours, or (6) at-20 degrees C for 91 days and then 4 degrees C for up to 96 hours. Samples were withdrawn from each syringe and vial at designated times and assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Solutions were judged to be stable if drug concentrations remained above 90% of the initial values. The number of particles in each container under each storage condition was also evaluated. Ceftazidime was stable under all storage conditions. In all containers, particulate matter was within USP specifications for small-volume injections, with no change in particle count as a result of the freezing and thawing. Ceftazidime in sterile water in either glass vials or plastic syringes is stable for 8 hours at room temperature or 96 hours at 4 degrees C when such storage occurs (1) immediately after constitution, (2) after 28 days of frozen storage, or (3) after 91 days of frozen storage.

Ceftazidime↗
PubMed1991

Ovulation, fertilization and early embryonic development in the bitch (Canis familiaris).

Using circulating plasma hormone estimations, ovulation was monitored in bitches. The results obtained indicate that the timing of ovulation bears little relationship to alterations in sexual behaviour. The bitches were killed and reproductive tracts were removed at various intervals after ovulation and ova or embryos were recovered. The embryo stages were assessed visually and some were investigated histologically. Embryonic development, to early blastocyst stage, took place within the oviducts during the first 12 days after ovulation and there was a marked increase in size between the early and late blastocyst. A culture system using cells from the uterine tube supported the development of one 1-cell embryo to the morula stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Peculiar ophthalmic proliferations.

Six unusual cases diagnosed by various scientific methods are described to highlight the role of the histopathologist in clinical ophthalmology. The first case shows the importance of fast tissue diagnosis to prevent possible radical treatment in a limbal pseudotumour. The second presentation is of a small conjunctival mass with orbital involvement, immunohistochemically a B-cell lymphoma and occurring after a recent testicular tumour. The third patient presented with the rarely described nodular hypersensitivity conjunctivitis (Splendore-Hoeppli reaction) and it is suggested that these ophthalmologically observed asymptomatic lesions are apparently clinically transient so reports may be few because of infrequent biopsy. Pan-uveal melanocytic tumours concurrent with thoracic or abdominal carcinoma are reviewed. DNA flow cytometry could, perhaps, assess those ocular lesions for malignancy. The fourteenth case in the literature of lacrimal sac melanoma and possibly the first by tear seedling is illustrated. Lastly, a paediatric orbital fibrous histiocytoma is a cautionary anecdote with successful outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Gene UL2 of herpes simplex virus type 1 encodes a uracil-DNA glycosylase.

An insertion mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 has been constructed which carries the lacZ gene from Escherichia coli within the coding sequence of gene UL2, which is in the long unique region of the genome. In a one-step growth curve experiment this recombinant (called in 1601) grew as well as the wild-type (wt) parent virus, indicating that the UL2 gene is dispensable for growth in tissue culture. Analysis of in 1601 DNA with restriction endonucleases showed no detectable changes from the wt apart from the insertion. Extracts of cells infected with in 1601 possessed levels of viral DNA polymerase and alkaline exonuclease activities similar to those infected with the wt, but unlike the wt had negligible uracil-DNA glycosylase activity, suggesting strongly that the product of the UL2 gene is the uracil-DNA glycosylase. The sequence of the uracil-DNA glycosylase gene of E. coli was recently published, and the encoded amino acid sequence of this shows clear similarity to that of UL2, confirming our results.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Secular trends in the familial transmission of alcoholism.

This is a study of the familial transmission of alcoholism in the families of 60 female and 240 male alcoholics ascertained in four psychiatric hospital units and in a local parole office. Eight hundred and thirty-one interviewed first-degree relatives and 125 spouses are included. The lifetime population prevalences of alcoholism in white males and females based on the Epidemiological Catchment Area Study in St. Louis were compared with the family rates. A semistructured comprehensive interview schedule (Home Environment and Lifetime Psychiatric Evaluation Record) was used and diagnoses made according to Feighner criteria for alcoholism. The methods of Survival Analysis established the presence of strong secular trends in the age-of-onset and lifetime prevalence of alcoholism in these families and in the general population. Accordingly, new methods for the analysis of family data that incorporate secular variation were developed. The Multifactorial Model of Disease Transmission was used to estimate familial correlations and these were parameterized by the "Tau" model of Familial Transmission. The model does not assume that all familial resemblance is due to genetic factors, but also includes the possibility of nongenetic transmission. Our analyses confirmed that more recently born cohorts of individuals had increased expected lifetime prevalences of alcoholism and decreased ages of onset, when compared with older cohorts. Separate age-of-onset distributions were required for males and females and the secular trends in age-of-onset were greatest in females. The differences between males and females were least in more recently born cohorts suggesting that sex-specific differences in the family and population distribution of alcoholism are decreasing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Orbital fibrous histiocytoma in an infant.

A rare case of fibrous histiocytoma in an infant is described. The tumour appeared to arise in the medial orbit, invading the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses. Surgical and medical management, and the subsequent clinical course in a 11 year follow-up period are described. Histogenesis of this primary mesenchymal tumour is discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1987

The familial transmission of primary major depressive disorder.

This is a study of the familial transmission of Primary Major Depressive Disorder in the families of 235 probands with this disorder ascertained as part of the NIMH-CRB Collaborative Depression Program. Eight hundred and twenty-six interviewed first degree relatives and 109 spouses are included. Research Diagnostic Criteria have been used and interviews were done using the SADS-L schedule. Prior analyses of these data have established the presence of strong secular trends in the age-of-onset and prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder in these families. Accordingly, new methods for the analysis of family data which incorporate secular variation were developed. Non-parametric Survival Analysis, using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model, guided the formulation of a quantitative family transmission model. Then a family analysis was conducted with the Multifactorial Model of Disease Transmission and the Tau Path Analytic Model. Using the non-parametric approach, only the sibs birth cohort, sex and affectational status of the mother were significantly related to the time of onset of illness in siblings. Proband sex, age-of-onset, and the presence of illness in the father were not significant. The quantitative analysis confirmed that more recently born cohorts of individuals had an increased expected lifetime prevalence and a decreased age-of-onset of Primary Major Depressive Disorder. Assortative mating was present and environmental factors common to siblings did not make a significant contribution to the phenotypic variance. Sex specific transmissibilities were found and the transmissibility in females (t2 = 0.62) was significantly greater than that of males (t2 = 0.28). There was a trend for the transmissibility of Primary Major Disorder to be greater in more recently born cohorts.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Two laboratory methods for diagnosis of herpes simplex keratitis.

Two techniques are described which enable a rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex keratitis to be made. The tests, antibody/antigen reactions, were shown to be accurate and sensitive in the 119 patients examined. A result is available within four hours with the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and within one hour with the direct method. The techniques are relatively inexpensive, though labour intensive. Negative reactions were found in treated cases and in those with some delay in the histochemical staining.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1986

Lacrimal sac mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

A single case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal sac was considered worth reporting as there are only four other cases described in the literature. The importance of the correct histological diagnosis and the management are discussed. This appears to be the first study of the ultrastructure of lacrimal sac mucoepidermoid tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Ocular vasculitis in Behçet's disease. A pathological and immunohistochemical study.

The clinical and pathological presentation of Behçet's disease are discussed. Necrotising arteriolitis and phlebitis with thromboses are demonstrated when a rare enucleation specimen became available for examination in this condition. Immunohistochemical studies show mural IgG, IgA, and C3 deposits in episcleral and some choroidal veins. The value of the clinical use of fibrinolytic agents is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pseudophaco--anaphylactic endophthalmitis? P.M.M.A. related.

The pathological findings of pseudophacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis are described in a patient with a combined trabeculectomy, extracapsular cataract extraction and an "in-the-bag" posterior chamber lens implant, and who developed sympathetic ophthalmitis following a perforating eye injury within hours of his operation. Apart from the typical sympathetic histological findings, the eye revealed a pseudophaco-anaphylactic endophthalmitis reaction which appeared to be totally related to the polymethylmethacrylate (P.M.M.A.) optic. The "in-the-bag" polypropylene closed loops revealed no significant histological reaction.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1985

Successful intraocular lens implantation: a histological and scanning electron microscopic study of four cases.

The histological findings in four globes obtained at autopsy from clinically uncomplicated cases with intraocular lens implants, one glass posterior chamber and three anterior chamber lenses consisting of two pupillary fixated and one "in-the-bag" fixated Binkhorst lens, are reported. Minimal changes could be detected in the tissues with which the implants were in contact. Scanning electron microscopy of the cornea in the three anterior chamber implants showed a loss of endothelial cells in the axial region of roughly 30-50%. There was marked vertical disparity in the loss. Scanning microscopy of the implants showed evidence of surface degradation of the nylon loops of all the anterior chamber implants.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Complex sporadic colobomata.

Sporadic colobomata may be associated with a variety of secondary changes, and these have been classified and discussed with special reference to unusual findings published during recent years. Clinically some cases may appear to be neoplastic, and pathological examination may be important in demonstrating their true nature. A malformation apparently not previously reported is described.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1978

Juvenile nephronophthisis, congenital hepatic fibrosis and retinal hypoplasia in twins.

Juvenile nephronophthisis has been recognized recently as an important cause of chronic renal failure in childhood and adolescence. This report describes clinical and morphological findings in monozygotic twins in whom the triad of juvenile nephronophthisis, congenital hepatic fibrosis and retinal hypoplasia coexisted. The findings are discussed in relation to previous reports of nephronophthisis associated with either retinal abnormalities or congenital hepatic fibrosis. The occurrence of similar ocular and hepatic anomalies with the other cystic kidney diseases, polycystic disease and medullary sponge kidney disease is reviewed. A spectrum of oculo-hepato-renal syndromes is identified with many interrelated features which suggest a shared basic aetiology.

Child, Preschool↗