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Biomedical subjects

J Muto

Publications and source records attributed to J Muto.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

A first look at duloxetine (Cymbalta) in a postmortem laboratory.

Duloxetine (Cymbalta) is manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company and is the newest antidepressant to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Duloxetine is a potent serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that is also used for the management of pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. With the introduction of any new drug, toxicology laboratories around the nation experience the same problems: lack of information about the chemical and physical properties of the new drug, detection methodologies from biological specimens, and interpretation of quantitative values. Since its FDA approval in 2002, the Los Angeles County Department of Coroner Toxicology Laboratory has detected and quantitated duloxetine in 12 postmortem cases. The isolation of duloxetine from postmortem specimens consisted of a basic, liquid-liquid (n-butylchloride) extraction procedure. Duloxetine was detected in our general, pharmaceutical, basic drugs screen that utilizes gas chromatography-nitrogen-phosphorus detection (GC-NPD) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS), and the quantitation was specifically by GC-MS. Linearity was achieved from 0.05 to 3.0 mg/L with the limit of detection at 0.03 mg/L. Presented are the case histories, demographics, cause/manner of death, and the postmortem tissue distribution ranges of duloxetine: central blood, not detected (ND)-0.59 mg/L (12 cases); femoral blood, ND-0.26 mg/L (9 cases); vitreous humor, ND-0.23 mg/L (4 cases); liver, 0.28-22 mg/kg (8 cases); gastric contents, 0.08-86 mg total (6 cases); bile, 0.57-3.1 mg/L (7 cases); and urine, 0.07-0.47 mg/L (6 cases). The detection and quantitation of duloxetine in these 12 case studies are considered the first to be reported in the literature; all are designed to aid the forensic toxicologist with the interpretation of his/her own casework.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Microinfrared reflection spectroscopic mapping: application to the detection of hydrogen-related species in natural quartz.

A new method of microinfrared reflection spectroscopy and mapping analysis is briefly introduced. It was used to detect distributions and structures of hydrogen-related species (e.g. H(2)O, SiOH and SiH) in plastically deformed natural quartz. We used a Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer with a microscopic imaging system fully automated for all microscope functions (e.g. focusing, aperture, stage motion and measurements). Mapping can be made in thin sections with a thickness of 50 microm at room temperature and low temperatures (77 K) using a liquid N(2) cooling system. Infrared reflection spectra were obtained by five scans for each point with a range from 4000 to 400 cm(-1). The spectra were measured five times within about 2.5 s at each position. The scanning interval was 100-150 microm using a 100 x 100 microm(2) aperture. All obtained spectral data were stored in computer memory to construct two-dimensional mappings of infrared absorption. From the comparisons between infrared mapping images and deformation microstructures, in addition to the molecular H(2)O around 3600-3400 cm(-1), the hydrogen-related point defects (i.e. SiOH and SiH) around 970-900 cm(-1) within quartz grains and between grain boundaries increased with decreasing grain sizes (increasing plastic strain). The method can detect the SiOH and SiH along grain boundaries that enhance the hydrolytic weakening of natural quartz.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

[Silicon of the medium in the postoperative maxillary cyst].

As part of a study on chronic inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane, silicon of the medium in postoperative maxillary cysts and in other cysts was measured, and following results were obtained. Silicon concentrations of the medium in the postoperative maxillary cysts and in the postoperative ethmoidal cysts were 34.5 ppm and 42.9 ppm (geometrical mean) respectively, and they were higher than in other primary cysts such as frontal cyst, nasal vestibular cyst, and dental cyst. The silicon content of the medium in the postoperative maxillary cyst varied with the water content of the medium; the lower the water content the higher was the silicon content and the relationship was expressed by the following equation. log S = 7.43 + 7.14 log d-6.14 log w, where S = Si (mcg), d = dry weight (g.) and w = wet weight (g.). The high concentration of silicon in the postoperative cyst was considered to be due to the large amount of silicon transudate from the surrounding fibrous tissue through a highly damaged or missing epithelial wall of the cyst.

Cysts↗
PubMed1994

[The importance of pain control with morphine for terminally ill patient care for at home].

From April 1987 to June 1994, 81 patients of terminally ill had been care at home. In these home care, 38 patients received pain control with morphine. In 29 patients, pain control had been started before home care but in 9 patients pain control had been started under home care. Routes of morphine administration were oral in 24 cases and rectal in 14 cases. In cases of oral routes, finally 2 cases converted to rectal routes and 2 cases converted to subcutaneous routes. Duration of treatment were from 2 days to 741 days (average 72 days). Dosage of morphine were 7.5 mg to 480 mg (average 116 mg). Two patients lived but 24 patients died at home and 12 patients died at hospital. We concluded that palliative care especially pain control with morphine was very important care for patients of terminally ill who wanted care at home and ultimately die at home. We had to make ourself master of method pain control with morphine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Findings in newborns of cocaine-abusing mothers.

Cocaine has recently been shown to affect the outcome of pregnancy when taken by pregnant women. The authors measured fetal concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine and reviewed autopsy and historical data for 62 successive infants who died at less than two days of age and were seen at the Los Angeles County Office of the Chief Medical Examiner-Coroner. Of 43 infants without an obvious cause of death at autopsy, cocaine or benzoylecgonine or both were present in 40%. None of the parameters studied predicted which infants would show cocaine or benzoylecgonine. We conclude that cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations should be measured on all infants who die at less than two days of age when the cause of death is not evident at gross autopsy.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1990

Dermoid cyst of the auricle: report of two cases.

Dermoid cyst of the auricle is a very rare lesion in Japan. The cysts studied for this report demonstrated a benign clinical course with a tendency to become larger. The clinical and pathological characteristics of these cysts are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[EEG analysis of high-dose fentanyl anesthesia--a comparison of rapid sequence anesthesia and the conventional method].

Twenty-one patients who underwent cardiac surgery were assigned to receive high-dose fentanyl rapid sequence anesthesia or conventional high-dose fentanyl anesthesia. In conventional method group, power of delta wave decreased with respect to time. But in rapid sequence group, no decrease was seen until the end of operation. Good maintenance of delta wave in rapid sequence group may be achieved by higher plasma fentanyl concentration and the absence of acute tolerance. In conclusion, high-dose fentanyl rapid sequence anesthesia is a useful method for cardiac surgery.

Adolescent↗