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J Navia

Publications and source records attributed to J Navia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Survival beyond 10 years following heart transplantation: The Cleveland Clinic Foundation experience.

BACKGROUND: Long-term survival after heart transplantation is a desirable although challenging goal. METHODS: We analyzed clinical outcomes in the cohort of 170 patients who have undergone heart transplantation at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation and survived >10 years. RESULTS: We found 10-year and 15-year survival rates of 54% and 41%, respectively, in these patients, but there was also a high incidence of complications, such as hypertension, renal dysfunction, transplant vasculopathy, and malignancy. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival following cardiac transplantation is possible although complications are frequent. Beyond 10 years, malignancy is a major cause of death.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Comparative effects of thiopental and propofol on atrial vulnerability: electrophysiological study in a porcine model including acute alcoholic intoxication.

BACKGROUND: Atrial tachyarrhythmias (AT) frequently complicate the perioperative period. Alcohol intoxication is a recognized causative factor for dysrrhythmias. We studied the effects of propofol and thiopental on atrial electrophysiology and vulnerability to AT in a closed-chest porcine model in which AT are facilitated by ethanol. METHODS: Thirty-eight pigs were randomly assigned to thiopental (T-group, n=19) or propofol (P-group n=19). All animals were assigned to undergo a right atrial electrical stimulation protocol (RASP) at baseline. Thirty pigs were assigned to undergo additional RASP during ethanol infusion, while the remaining eight were assigned to undergo additional RASP during saline infusion (control group). We analysed effective refractory period (ERP), and intra-atrial conduction interval (ICI) (between atrial sites 4 cm apart), at several cycle lengths (CL). RESULTS: There were no significant differences at baseline. During ethanol infusion, propofol produced a greater rate-dependent decrease in excitability, manifested by a longer minimum paced CL with 1:1 atrial capture: 145 (11) vs 164 (27) ms in the T- and P-group, respectively (P=0.01). Propofol was associated with a greater rate-related slowing in conduction: difference between ICI at CL of 300 ms and ICI at minimum CL: 30 ms in P-group and 22 ms in T-group (P<0.03). In the P-group we observed a longer duration of induced arrhythmias (145 (131) vs 74 (91) s, P<0.03) and a higher proportion with atrial flutter (AFl) (76 vs 19%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Propofol in this model was more arrhythmogenic than thiopental, as manifested by a longer duration of induced arrhythmias, particularly AFI.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed2003

Coronary stenting versus coronary bypass surgery in patients with multiple vessel disease and significant proximal LAD stenosis: results from the ERACI II study.

PURPOSE: To compare percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using stent implantation versus coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in patients with multiple vessel disease with involvement of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). METHODS: 230 patients with multiple vessel disease and severe stenosis of the proximal LAD (113 with PCI, 117 with CABG). They were a cohort of patients from the randomised ERACI (Argentine randomized trial of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass surgery in multivessel disease) II study. RESULTS: Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. There were no significant differences in 30 day major adverse cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat procedures) between the strategies (PCI 2.7% v CABG 7.6%, p = 0.18). There were no significant differences in survival (PCI 96.4% v CABG 95%, p = 0.98) and survival with freedom from myocardial infarction (PCI 92% v CABG 89%, p = 0.94) at 41.5 (6) months' follow up. However, freedom from new revascularisation procedures (CABG 96.6% v PCI 73%, p = 0.0002) and frequency of angina (CABG 9.4% v PCI 22%, p = 0.025) were superior in the CABG group. CONCLUSION: Patients with multivessel disease and significant disease of the proximal LAD randomly assigned in the ERACI II trial to PCI or CABG had similar survival and survival with freedom from myocardial infarction at long term follow up. Repeat revascularisation procedures were higher in the PCI group.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Early postoperative surgical complications of orthotopic liver transplantation in adults (II)].

Early postoperative complications after liver transplantation are classified broadly as either medical or surgical. This review covers the main aspects of the pathophysiology and clinical management of the latter group. Surgical complications of liver transplantation are an important cause of morbimortality; their early diagnosis and treatment are therefore critical issues. Such complications are usually related to surgical technique and their correction often requires a second surgical procedure. The most common early postoperative complication, and one of the most serious ones, is hepatic artery thrombosis. Venous complications are less prevalent and biliary ones predominate in the late postoperative phase.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Early postoperative medical complications of orthotopic liver transplantation in adults (I)].

The outcome of liver transplantation in Spain has improved since our earliest experiences with this type of surgery, mainly due to breakthroughs in surgical and anesthetic techniques. Careful postoperative care of the patient also plays a key role, however, by providing the early diagnosis that allows appropriate management of complications. Together, such improvements contribute to reducing the morbidity associated with liver transplantation and to greater survival and quality of life for recipients. Early postoperative complications are diverse in nature and for convenience can be classified as either medical or surgical. This review deals with the main medical complications.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Argentine Randomized Study: Coronary Angioplasty with Stenting versus Coronary Bypass Surgery in patients with Multiple-Vessel Disease (ERACI II): 30-day and one-year follow-up results. ERACI II Investigators.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare percutaneous transluminal coronary revascularization (PTCR) employing stent implantation to conventional coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in symptomatic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. BACKGROUND: Previous randomized studies comparing balloon angioplasty versus CABG have demonstrated equivalent safety results. However, CABG was associated with significantly fewer repeat revascularization procedures. METHODS: A total of 2,759 patients with coronary artery disease were screened at seven clinical sites, and 450 patients were randomly assigned to undergo either PTCR (225 patients) or CABG (225 patients). Only patients with multivessel disease and indication for revascularization were enrolled. RESULTS: Both groups had similar clinical demographics: unstable angina in 92%; 38% were older than 65 years, and 23% had a history of peripheral vascular disease. During the first 30 days, PTCR patients had lower major adverse events (death, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization procedures and stroke) compared with CABG patients (3.6% vs. 12.3%, p = 0.002). Death occurred in 0.9% of PTCR patients versus 5.7% in CABG patients, p < 0.013, and Q myocardial infarction (MI) occurred in 0.9% PTCR versus 5.7% of CABG patients, p < 0.013. At follow-up (mean 18.5 +/- 6.4 months), survival was 96.9% in PTCR versus 92.5% in CABG, p < 0.017. Freedom from MI was also better in PTCR compared to CABG patients (97.7% vs. 93.4%, p < 0.017). Requirements for new revascularization procedures were higher in PTCR than in CABG patients (16.8% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In this selected high-risk group of patients with multivessel disease, PTCR with stent implantation showed better survival and freedom from MI than did conventional surgery. Repeat revascularization procedures were higher in the PTCR group.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Craniocerebral injuries: initial treatment and at resuscitation units].

Head injury is the main cause of death or disability among under-45-year-olds. This review covers the main pathophysiological aspects of head injury as well as initial treatment and management in the intensive care recovery ward. The chief therapeutic aim is to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion pressure rather than to maintain normal levels of intracranial pressure. An important challenge is to avoid development of secondary lesions, and in this context arterial hypotensive events that affect prognosis and the survival of such patients merit special attention. We reject treatment based on indiscriminate use of hyperventilation and mannitol and underline the importance of providing adequate sedation and analgesia while maintaining normal flow and pressure and adequate monitoring of such patients.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

Role of transesophageal echocardiography in the assessment of patients with blunt chest trauma: correlation of echocardiographic findings with the electrocardiogram and creatine kinase monoclonal antibody measurements.

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of transesophogeal echocardiography (TEE) for detecting cardiac damage after blunt chest trauma (BCT). BACKGROUND: Multiple methods have been used to detect cardiac damage after a BCT, but none has been demonstrated to be sensitive, specific, and feasible enough. METHODS: This multicenter prospective trial was designed to evaluate the usefulness of TEE in the assessment of patients with BCT and to compare the TEE findings with those provided by the electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac isoenzymes assay. One hundred seventeen consecutive patients with a significant BCT were enrolled. A TEE was performed in each patient. Serial ECGs and plasma profiles of creatine kinase (CK) and CK-monoclonal antibody (MB) were obtained. RESULTS: Sixty-six (56%) patients had pathologic findings in the TEE attributed to the BCT (group A). In the remaining 51 (44%) patients the TEE was normal (group B). An abnormal ECG was more frequent in group A (59% vs 24%; p < 0.001), and the serum CK-MB peak level was also higher in group A (174 +/- 30 U/L vs 93 +/- 21 U/L; p = 0.05). Relative to pathologic TEE findings, the sensitivity and specificity of an abnormal ECG were 59% and 73% and of high CK-MB with CK-MB/CK > 5% were 64% and 52%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that TEE can be routinely and safely performed for diagnosing cardiac injuries after a BCT and plays an important role in the evaluation and treatment of these patients. EGG and CK-MB assay are not good methods for detecting cardiac damage in this setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Changes in therapeutic attitude based on transesophageal echocardiography in cardiac surgery].

Transesophageal echocardiography is a monitoring system that is changing the practice of cardiovascular anesthesia and surgery by providing real time images of cardiovascular anatomy and pathophysiology. Our hospital's anesthesiology and postoperative intensive care departments, in particular the cardiac anesthesia team, initiated a joint project in June 1993 with the echocardiography laboratory team to incorporate this surgical monitoring system. Here we report the wealth of information we obtained and describe the possibility of modifying a therapeutic approach based on the images visualized, even when conventional monitoring gives contradictory information. Two illustrative case reports are included.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1997

Response to clamping of the inferior vena cava as a factor for predicting postreperfusion syndrome during liver transplantation.

Postreperfusion syndrome (PRS) is an important cause of hemodynamic deterioration during orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We retrospectively studied 94 patients who had undergone OLT in an effort to establish whether the hemodynamic response to clamping of the inferior vena cava (IVC) could be used to predict hemodynamic behavior on reperfusion of the grafted liver. PRS was defined as a decrease in the mean arterial pressure of more than 30% below the baseline value for more than 1 min during the first 5 min after reperfusion of the graft. The patients were divided into two groups: those who developed PRS (PRS group) and those who did not (non-PRS group). We analyzed hemodynamic response before (dissection stage) and after (anhepatic stage) clamping of the IVC. Based on multivariate analysis methods (logistic regression), the percentage of change in the vascular resistance index from before clamping to after clamping of the IVC was an indicator of the risk of developing PRS, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.04 for each unit of change (ENTER method, P = 0.01). In the non-PRS group, clamping of the IVC was followed by a 47.1% decrease in the cardiac index, compared with a 27.9% decrease in the PRS group (P < 0.05). The systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) increased by 49% in the PRS group, as opposed to 85.7% in the non-PRS group (P < 0.05). PRS occurred in only 17.5% of patients in whom the SVRI increased by more than 50%. We conclude that the integrity of the vasoconstrictive response (increase in the peripheral vascular resistance greater than 50%) as measured immediately after clamping of the IVC correlates with occurrence of PRS.

Adult↗