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Biomedical subjects

J Neumark

Publications and source records attributed to J Neumark.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[The influence of oxygen and bicarbonate administration to the parturient on maternal and fetal blood gases and acid base balance (author's transl)].

The effects of oxygen and bicarbonate administration to parturients were studied by analysis of maternal and fetal blood gas parameters. Oxygen inhalation resulted in a significant increase of the fetal pO2 and appears to be a practicable mean of intrauterine reanimation of hypoxic fetuses. Intravenous bicarbonate was unable to raise the fetal pH. Simultaneous bicarbonate and oxygen administration had no desirable effects on the fetal acid-base-balance.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1981

[Physostigmine and reversal of anticholinergic effects of neurolept-anaesthesia (author's transl)].

After 486 gynaecological procedures performed under neuroleptanaesthesia 32 patients remained irresponsive despite naloxone reversal of possible fentanyl overdose and exclusion by peripheral nerve stimulation of prolonged neuromuscular blockade. By random selection 18 of these (group A) received physostigmine 2 mg, 14 patients (group B) served as controls. Groups were comparable concerning age, technique and duration of anaesthesia, total doses of anaesthetics and muscle relaxants. Patients in group A were fully responsive within 9 +/- 4,6 min. after physostigmine, patients without this drug (group B) however within 49 +/- 19 min. This difference was highly significant (P less than 0,001).

Atropine↗
PubMed1980

[Thoracic epidural block for upper abdominal surgery in a patient with myasthemia gravis (author's transl)].

A 76 year-old myasthenic patient with acute biliary obstruction underwent operation under light general anaesthesia combined with a continuous thoracic epidural block. This combination proved to offer good relaxation, analgesia, amnesia and inhibition of reflexes during operation and pain relief postoperatively, without the need of muscle relaxants and narcotics. The patient showed no signs of postoperative weakness due to myasthenia gravis.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Therapy of adverse transfusion reactions].

If there are adverse reactions following blood transfusion accurate intervention is necessary. Symptomatical therapy has to start independent from the origin of transfusion reaction. Specific therapy should base on laboratory results. Symptoms, their frequency and severity, are described and therapeutic strategy is outlined. Severe transfusion reaction leading to shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation and renal failure needs intensive care.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

[Test of an improvised anaesthesia system for newborn infants (author's transl)].

Anaesthesia for newborn infants is rarely undertaken in hospitals which have no paediatric surgical department. Using the usual anaesthetic equipment for children on newborns involves many hazards, mainly because of the small respiratory volumes of these little patients, the danger of large deadspace and the high resistance of valves in the equipment. A resuscitation bag for newborns proved to be easy and safe as anaesthesia apparatus, if connected to the output of the anaesthetic machine. Blood gases and respiratory volumes were measured in 17 newborn infants (body weight 1,600 g to 5,280 g) during anaesthesia using endotracheal tubes, masks, controlled and spontaneous respiration.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1978

[Subanaesthetic doses of ketamine for obstetric delivery (author's transl)].

Twenty five parturients were anaesthetized by administration of 0.3 mg ketamine per kg body weight intravenously before emergence of the head of the newborn infant. 20 patients had complete amnesia for the time of delivery, but most of them remained cooperative, nevertheless. Of the other 5 patients, 3 recounted that they recalled the birth of their child like remembering a dream, but they did not remember pain. The method proved a failure in the case of two patients. The main advantage of this technique lies in keeping most of the parturients cooperative and able to help with pushing, while offering them amnesia and analgesia for this period. Comparison with thiopental and propanidide is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Pain relief in childbirth; an analysis of the analgesic effects of transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TNS), pethidine and placebos (author's transl)].

The analgesic affects of TNS, pethidine and placebos on labour pain were studied in 30 parturient women during the first stage of labour. 10 had TNS paravertebrally in the region of the afferent nerves at Th 10-Th 12; one group of 5 had unspecific (wrong) TNS; in another group of five no current was applied (placebo); five women were given 50 mg of pethidine intravenously; five patients acted as a control group. To assess the analgesic effects the women were asked to estimate the intensity of pain (grades 1-6) over a period of 70 minutes. There was no significant difference between the placebo, unspecific TNS and control groups as regarded the increase in pain during the test period. Patients who had received pethidine and those who had been given TNS at the site of the afferent nerves transmitting impulses from the uterus experienced considerable relief of pain. The differences were highly significant. The observations prove the genuine analgesic action of TNS. The use of this technique in obstetrics is discussed.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1978

[The effects of halothane and enflurane on uterine activity during childbirth (author's transl)].

The effects of equipotent low concentrations of halothane and enflurane on uterine contractions during labour were studied by means of transcervical toko-ergometry. Administration of halothane was followed by a highly significant reduction of uterine activity to 48% +/- 14 of its original value. Ethrane in equipotent concentration of 1.0% reduced uterine activity in 5 women to only 83.7% +/- 29 (not significant). Five other women were also tested with ethrane in 1.5% concentrations: uterine activity was reduced to 79% +/- 24 of its original value (not significant). The findings indicate that low concentrations of ethrane relax uterine contractions less than do equipotent concentrations of halothane. The clinical applications of the observations are discussed.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1978

[The influence of the continuous epidural anaesthesia on uteroplacental blood flow (author's transl)].

Continuous lumbar epidural anaesthesia causes a drop in maternal blood pressure by decreasing flow resistance in the peripheral vascular bed. By infusion of 1000 ml NaCl blood pressure can be kept constant. Our work shows, that dilatation of the peripheral vessels has a positive effect in patients with reduced uteroplacental flow, as it results in an augmentation of placental flow. In women with normal placental function such an effect could not be seen. The practical use of these results is illustraded by a case report.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1976

Changes of plasma volume and plasma composition in water-deprived rats.

Plasma volume, hematocrit, protein and electrolyte concentrations in plasma were measured in control and water-deprived rats every three days after starting the experiment until the 15th day. Plasma volume variations, as related to body weight, suggest that water loss from plasma was proportional to total body water at three days and after 9 days of water deprivation. Greater plasma water than body water loss was found during the period between 3 and 9 days. Plasma protein and electrolyte variations suggest that during water deprivation there is a loss of protein, sodium and potassium from plasma, which is proportionally less than that of plasma water. Potassium, calcium and inorganic phosphorus were lost proportionally to plasma water. The variations in plasma volume changes were partially explained as due to variations in plasma protein and electrolyte concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Cardiac responses to stimulation of thoracic afferents in the primate and canine.

Excitatory cardiovascular responses to electrically stimulated upper thoracic sympathetic afferent nerves were observed in halothane-anesthetized mongrel dogs and monkeys. The central end of the transected ventral limb of the left ansa subclavia was stimulated before and after several types of denervation. Significant increases in right and left ventricular maximum systolic pressures, systolic and diastolic systemic blood pressures, and aortic flow were observed. The carotid sinuses were denervated bilaterally and stimulation of the ansa was repeated. The cardiovascular responses to stimulation of the ventral ansa after carotid sinus denervation were greater in magnitude than those observed prior to denervation. This carotid sinus modulation of cardiovascular responses was observed in dogs and monkeys. Cardiovascular responses to stimulation of the ventral ansa after bilateral vagotomy were significantly less than the responses observed after carotid sinus denervation prior to vagotomy. However, the responses after vagotomy were statistically identical to responses obtained while stimulating the ventral ansa when the carotid sinuses and vagi remained intact.

Afferent Pathways↗