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Biomedical subjects

J Nieder

Publications and source records attributed to J Nieder.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effects of trapidil on the PGI2 and TXA2 synthesis in human umbilical veins perfused in vitro.

Current therapeutical concepts for prophylactic treatment of preeclampsia are based on the hypothesis that this pathological state is mainly due to a functional imbalance between vascular prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) biosynthesis. The influence of Trapidil on PGI2 and TXA2 formation was studied by in vitro perfusion of human umbilical veins by measuring the production of the metabolites 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2, respectively, in the perfusates using Enzyme-Immunoassay. The basal production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was 90.6 pg/mL/cm of vessel wall, whereas TXB2 formation attained a rate of 7.5 pg/mL/cm. The addition of Trapidil to the perfusate resulted in a significant stimulation of PGI2 production but apparently does not exhibit any effect on TXB2 generation. These data support the suggestion that Trapidil may act by increasing the ratio of PGI2/TXA2 in favor of the antiaggregatory/vasodilatory PGI2.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of trapidil in prevention of pre-eclampsia and fetal retardation].

Pre-eclampsia is suggested to be characterized by a functional imbalance between vascular prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 production. On the basis of this hypothesis it is attempted to correct this pathologic conditions by pharmacological manipulation with Trapidil, a triazolo pyrimidin derivative, because of its effects on the prostanoid metabolism. A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out to investigate Trapidil in the prevention of pregnancy-induced hypertension or pre-eclampsia. A total of 160 pregnant women with the risk to develop pre-eclampsia received Trapidil or placebo between week 24 and 38 of gestation. The number of patients in whom pregnancy-induced hypertension or pre-eclampsia developed was significantly lower in the Trapidil-treated (5.5%) compared with the placebo-treated group (14.1%). Additionally, a reduced risk of preterm deliveries and severe fetal growth retardation could be observed. In 7 patients with manifest pre-eclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension the circulating eicosanoid concentrations were determined before and during Trapidil medication. Trapidil was associated with an about twofold increase of 6-keto PGF1 alpha concentration in the peripheral venous blood, while the concentration of thromboxane A2 revealed no changes.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1989

[Magnesium--a new therapeutic alternative in primary dysmenorrhea].

50 patients suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea were treated with Magnesium (Mg 5-longoral, Artesan GmbH) in a double-blind study. After a six-month period 21 out of 25 women showed a decline of symptoms, only 4 ones reported no therapeutical effect. For monitoring treatment results prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was measured every second month. On Mg-therapy conditions we achieved a reduction of PGF2 alpha in menstrual blood to 45% of value before treatment started. As against that 90% of basic concentration were estimated from women who received a placebo. Probably, the specific therapeutical effect of Mg based on inhibition of biosynthesis of PGF2 alpha but also on its direct muscle relaxant and vasodilatory effect. Beside the PG-synthesis and ovulation inhibitors the use of Magnesium is a potential, natural opportunity to treat primary dysmenorrhoea, which is widely free of side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in patients using hormonal contraceptives].

Among 360 patients with cervical cancer af stage I b to IV 26 (7.2%) primary adenocarcinomas were observed. 51 patients stated to use hormonal contraceptives. In this group the frequency of adenocarcinomas run to 19.6% (10 women) contrary to 7.8% in patients of the same age non using contraceptives. Morphological and clinical particularities of the adenocarcinoma in pill users are discussed. The early detection of the predominantly intracervically localized adenocarcinomas can only be improved by careful colposcopy combined with obligatory ecto- and endocervical cytological swabs and palpation of the cervix. Atypical bleedings in women using longterm hormonal contraceptives particularly of the gestagen prevailing type need special attention.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 in the amniotic fluid and peripheral venous blood in healthy pregnant patients and in pregnant patients with pre-eclampsia].

In order to characterize the prostacyclin and thromboxane system during gestosis the stable degradation products 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PG F1 alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TX B2) have been determined by radioimmunoassay in amniotic fluid and maternal venous plasma from 16 normotensive pregnant women and 14 patients with preeclampsia. At preeclampsia as well in amniotic fluid as in plasma a tendency towards lowered levels of 6-keto-PG F1 alpha and at the same time increased levels of TX B2 may be visualized. In the plasma generally significant higher levels of both 6-keto-PG F1 alpha and TX B2 than in amniotic fluid have been established. The imbalance between anti-aggregatory and vasodilatatory prostacyclin and proaggregatory and vasoconstrictory thromboxane in preeclampsia is indicated by an increase of the ratio TX B2/6-keto-PG F1 alpha from 1.38 to 2.44 in amniotic fluid and from 1.88 to 2.81 in plasma.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1987

[Initial clinical experience using an interdisciplinary management concept for pregnant patients with liver damage].

Among 6,404 deliveries in 49 cases (0.8%) a liver disease was diagnosed in the course of pregnancy. The onset of the disease happened exclusively in the last trimester of pregnancy. In 36 pregnant women a hyperbilirubinaemia of diagnostic value was stated. As an informing diagnostic procedure the only determination of the alanine-aminotransferase activity has been proved to be sufficient. In every fifth pregnant woman the liver disease was observed in connection with a preeclampsia. The preterm delivery rate was 16.3%. An intrauterine growth retardation was found in 22.4% of women with hepatopathy during pregnancy. In 5 out of 34 patients asked for a post partum control a manifestation of the liver disease, respectively a cholecystopathia, was present and follow-ups were necessary. An interdisciplinary concept of treatment is emphasized to treat these pregnant women in cooperation with the specialist of internal medicine. Methodically an additional sheet of documentation is used, which contains important data of patients history and all obstetrical, clinical and laboratory results accompanying the pregnant woman during pregnancy and post partum controls.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Prostaglandin E and F profiles in human fallopian tubes during different phases of the menstrual cycle.

Prostaglandin (PG)E and F equivalents have been determined in fallopian tubes from 26 women by radioimmunoassays following appropriate extraction and separation procedures. Both PGE and F equivalents at ranges between 5 and 100 ng/g wet weight exhibit profiles of increasing concentrations along the oviduct with low contents at the uterotubal junction and maximal levels in the fimbrial region. During the luteal phase of the cycle about 2-fold higher levels of PGE and F equivalents were detected than during the follicular phase in both the ampullary and isthmic portion of the oviduct. A general decline of PG levels was observed in tissues from patients at the perimenopause. The distribution of PGs within the oviduct is compatible with a preferential localization in its mucosal part, which may represent the main target for a progesterone-mediated stimulation of PG production during the luteal phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Prostaglandin E and F content of the amniotic fluid in various stages of beginning labor].

Levels of prostaglandin (PG) E- and F-equivalents determined radio-immunologically in amniotic fluid from women with uncomplicated pregnancies at term were related to the cervical state and the onset of regular labour. The lowest levels of both PG E- and F-equivalents with about 400 pg/ml were measured in the group with an immature cervix. An about twofold increase of both PG's appears characteristic for the cervical ripening, whereas the readiness for the initiation of regular uterine contractions is apparently indicated by further raises of PG F2 alpha. At the beginning of parturition distinct elevations can be registered for both PG's with a dominance of PG F. From their dynamics in amniotic fluid conclusions about different functions of PG's during the period preceding labour can be drawn.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

[Course of pregnancy and labor following treatment of sterility].

Based on the pregnancy and delivery courses of 374 women having sterility histories, special features of the risk factor "state after sterility treatment" have been pointed out. A comparison with 2,474 primarily fertile women shows that the risk group is affected with the more frequent occurrence of impending abortion, gestosis and multiple pregnancy. 21.4% of pregnancies of previously sterile women had to be operatively terminated, while this figure in the control group was only 5.4%. Perinatal findings in the risk group showed a three-times higher rate of premature births, a more frequent occurrence of intra-uterine retardation and higher perinatal mortality. Gravidae after sterility treatment represent an inhomogeneous group of patients, individual care schemes are required for each patient.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1984

[Residential communities for the elderly--a concept of a rehabilitative gerontopsychiatry].

The concept of a rehabilitative gerontopsychiatry is presented by describing an example of a flat-sharing community for elderly people in contrast to the conventional kind of help afforded in old people's homes. The practical setup and realisation of residential communities for the elderly are described. The focal point of chiefly rehabilitative gerontopsychiatry is seen in the maximum possible preservation of abilities and capacities which can help to overcome the disabilities--which, of course, must be carefully diagnosed beforehand.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Increase of prostaglandin E and F equivalents in amniotic fluid during late pregnancy and rapid PG F elevation after cervical dilatation.

Prostaglandin E and F equivalents in amniotic fluid from 163 women were determined after amniocentesis using chromatographic group separation and radioimmunoassay. Both PG E and F equivalents remained unchanged at levels below 100 pg/ml until week 34 of gestation and increased exponentially thereafter reaching levels of 745 and 821 pg/ml at weeks 41/42. Cervical dilatation at weeks 9 - 12 and 37 - 42 of pregnancy resulted in rapid elevations of PG F equivalents, but not of PG E, by factors of about 3 and 13, respectively. It is assumed that the slowly increasing production of both PG E and F demonstrated during the last weeks of pregnancy is connected with maturation processes within the feto-placental unit preceding birth, whereas the rapid formation of high PG levels channeled to the PG F pool in response to mechanical stimuli resembles the processes closely related to the trigger mechanisms for the onset and progress of spontaneous labour at term.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1983

[Behavior of primary prostaglandins in the amniotic fluid, maternal venous blood and umbilical cord blood during spontaneous delivery at term].

Levels of prostaglandin (PG) A/B, E and F equivalents have been determined in amniotic fluid, maternal venous blood and cord blood in the course of normal deliveries at term using radioimmunoassay after proper extraction and group separation of PG's by chromatography. With progress of cervical dilatation amniotic fluid levels increased from initial values of 0.34 to 0.52 ng/ml for PG A/B up to pressing period, while PG E rised from 2.3 to 5.5 ng/ml and PG F from 4.9 to 60.4 ng/ml, respectively. Comparatively lower increases of maternal plasma levels, essentially unchanged within the last trimester, were observed from 133, 100 and 102 pg/ml for PG A/B, E and F at the early first stage of labour to levels of 231, 209 and 357 pg/ml after the second stage. Higher levels of PG's in cord blood after spontaneous deliveries, not exhibiting significant arterio-venous differences, further strengthen the limited value of PG determinations in maternal plasma for the elucidation of the role of PG's in the physiology of gestation and parturition, but support a prevailing uterine not fetal localisation of PG production. The excessive PG F increase during birth, obviously caused by selective stimulation of PG F-synthesis, validitates the hypothesis, that this PG seems to be causally responsible for initiation and maintenance of uterine contractions in normal delivery.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1981

[Prostaglandin levels in amniotic fluid during normal advanced pregnancy (author's transl)].

Radio-immuno assay was used, following extraction and fractionation, to measure primary prostaglandins in the amniotic fluid of 88 women in advanced pregnancy under normal conditions. No change was recordable from prostaglandin fraction B + A, whereas exponential rises were determined over the last four to six weeks of pregnancy for prostaglandins F and E. Prostaglandin E levels went up from 100 pg/ml amniotic fluid, between the 29th and 34th weeks of pregnancy, to 380 pg/ml, between the 39th and 40th weeks, whereafter they remained constant. Prostaglandin F levels were between 70 pg/ml and 100 pg/ml and went up to 422 pg/ml, with a mean value as high as 494 pg/ml being measured in the 41st and 42nd weeks of pregnancy. The prostaglandin E/F quotient decreased close to full term, between the 39th and 42nd weeks of pregnancy, on account of steeper rise of prostaglandin F. Prostaglandin approached nanogram values, more pronouncedly characteristic of childbirth, few hours before onset of regular pains.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1981

[Studies into prostaglandin levels of amniotic fluid in early pregnancy (author's transl)].

Equivalents of primary prostaglandins A and B as well as E and F were determined in the amniotic fluid of 64 clinically intact women in early pregnancy. The prostaglandin levels of the A and B groups were continuously lowered, between the ninth and 32nd weeks of pregnancy, while prostaglandin E revealed gradual rise from 57 pg/ml, in the ninth and tenth weeks, to 100 pg/ml, between the 29th and 32nd weeks. Prostaglandin F levels behaved similarly, between the 16th and 21st as well as between the 29th and 32nd weeks, mean values being 60 pg/ml or 75 pg/ml, respectively. High prostaglandin F levels, as recorded between the ninth and twelfth weeks of pregnancy (244 pg/ml), were probably attributable to mode by which amniotic fluid has been collected. Collection in that phase of pregnancy was transcervically, following cervix dilation during abortion, which differed from transabdominal amniocentesis in more advanced pregnancy. The above findings are discussed with regard to their physiological and clinical relevance.

Amniotic Fluid↗