Arginase (L-arginine-ureidohydrolase, EC 3.5.3.1) catalyses the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. Its primary metabolic role is to remove the excess of ammonia through synthesis of urea. Ornithine, as a product of arginase reaction can be used for synthesis of polyamines. Rapid tissue growth after partial hepatectomy is accompanied by an increase in biosynthesis of polyamines. The aim of this study was to examine the importance of arginase in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy and to investigate the influence of folic acid and methotrexate on arginase activity on this model of compensatory growth. It was established that arginase activity was significantly reduced in regenerating rat liver tissue at different time intervals after partial hepatectomy. Administration of folic acid to hepatectomized rats led to inhibition of arginase activity. Administration of methotrexate after hepatectomy increased the arginase activity.

Animals↗

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[Vicalin in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer].

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Adult↗

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Relationship between early neuroendocrine response and severity of war injury according to the Red Cross Classification.

The hypothesis that neuroendocrine response to military gunshot/missile (MG/M) wounds reflect the severity and type of wounds given by the Red Cross Wound Classification (RCWC), has been tested on 82 casualties of war in former Yugoslavia. Adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (N), Cortisol, triiodothyronine (T3), testosterone (TES) and prolactin (PRL) levels have been measured in blood samples taken on admission (2-18 hr after wounding) at Military Medical Academy. Neuroendocrine response to MG/M wounds has clearly reflected severity but not the type of wounds and it has been bidirectional, i.e. A, NA and cortisol levels positively related to, while T3 and TES levels were negatively related to severity of MG/M wounds. With regard to high compatibility between RCWC and Injury severity score (ISS) and the fact that magnitude of the neuroendocrine response is related to severity given by RCWC we have concluded that the RCWC is a good method of grading wound severity on the battlefield.

Adolescent↗

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[Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis (hairy-cell leukemia)].

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Acid Phosphatase↗

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[Arginase activity in plasma and erythrocytes in children with hematologic diseases].

INTRODUCTION: Arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) is one of the essential enzymes in the terminal stages of the urea cycle in the liver which participates in the elimination of ammonia from the human body [1, 7]. Except in liver tissue arginase is also present in many human tissues and in the circulating blood cells, especially in erythrocytes and leukocytes. Arginase splits arginase to urea and ornithine that serve for biosynthesis of amino acid proline, glutamic acid and biosynthesis of polyamines-spermine, spermidine and putrescine. Arginase activity is high during the mitotic cycle, with the function in phase S of the cell cycle. The aim of our study was to assess the arginase activity in the blood of children with some haematologic diseases. METHODS: We examined the arginase activity in blood plasma and erythrocytes of children who suffer from some haematological disorders (27 patients) and in healthy children (control group-15 subjects). The enzyme activity was measured with spectrophotometric method on the basis of the determination of the amount of liberated ornithine from substrate-arginine [3]. RESULTS: The obtained results suggest that arginase activity was much higher in the blood of ill children (Table 1 and Figure 1). In the control group of children (total 15) plasma arginase activity was in the range of 0 to 20 U/L x = 0.86 U/L), and enzyme activity in erythrocytes was 1.62-3.98 U/g Hb (x = 2.81 U/g Hb). Erythrocytes enzyme activity and plasma enzyme activity were in ranges of 4.03-5.26 U/L with the mean value of x = 4.56 U/L, and arginase activity in erythrocytes was in ranges of 9.38-14.16 U/g Hb, with mean value x = 11.34 U/g Hb, respectively. Arginase activity in erythrocytes was also significantly higher in children with non-spherocytic haemolytic anaemia (9 children) and was in ranges of 5.33-9.58 U/g Hb (x = 7.29 U/g Hb), with the relatively low values in plasma, 0-4.14 U/L (x = 1.75 U/L). In children with sideropenic anaemia (total number-11) arginase activity in erythrocytes was also very significantly increased with the range between 2.86 and 14.16 U/g Hb (x = 5.54 U/g Hb) while the plasma enzyme activity was relatively low, with the values in range of 0-4.98 U/L (x = 1.41 U/L); in myelodysplastic syndrome (4 pts) arginase activity in plasma was very low (0-0.71 U/L; x = 0.26 U/L) with higher values of arginase activity in erythrocytes (4.22-5.89 U/g Hb; x = 4.94 U/g Hb). DISCUSSION: We have concluded that the enzyme activity was the highest in erythrocyte haemolysates of patients with spherocytosis, non-sherocytic haemolytic anaemia; it was also high, but in a smaller degree, in erythrocytes of children with sideropenic anaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome; arginase activity in plasma of these children was higher in comparison with enzyme activity in plasma and erythrocytes of healthy children. Our results are in agreement with data from literature where it is stated that the younger erythrocytes have the highest arginase activity than the mature erythrocytes [4]. CONCLUSION: The measurement of arginase activity in plasma and erythrocytes is a good diagnostic indicator for the presence of young erythrocytes and reticulocytes in the circulating blood as is the good sign for the detection of haemolytic processes.

Anemia↗