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Biomedical subjects

J Norseth

Publications and source records attributed to J Norseth.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The effect of clofibrate on heart and plasma lipids in rats fed a diet containing rapeseed oil.

The effect of clofibrate on heart and plasma lipids in rats fed a diet containing 30% of the calories as peanut oil (PO) or rapeseed oil (RSO) (42.7% erucic acid and 0.5% eicosenoic acid) was studied. A decrease of erucic acid content to one-third and concomitant increase in the content of 18:1, 16:1 and 16:0 fatty acids in plasma triacylglycerols were observed after administration of clofibrate to rats fed the RSO-diet. It is suggested that these changes reflect the increased capacity of the liver to chain-shorten very long chain length fatty acids. The extent of lipidosis in the heart of rats fed the RSO-diet was decreased by 50% by clofibrate. However, the concentration of erucic acid in heart triacylglycerols decreased much less (30%) than the concentration of all other fatty acids (50-65%). It is concluded that the clofibrate administration increased the oxidative capacity of the heart mitochondria and that the heart cell does not have an efficient system to handle very long chain length monounsaturated fatty acids as does the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Exposure to mercury in public dental clinics in Oslo--an occupational hazard evaluation].

To evaluate the occupational hazard in use of mercury by dentists, the work environment and procedures of 22 dentists and their 33 assistants were surveyed. Determinations were made of a) the mercury vapour concentrations in the offices b) the urinary excretion of mercury by the 55 persons concerned c) the mercury concentration in blood. In three of the offices surveyed, mercury vapour concentration exceeded the threshold limit value of 0.05 mg/m3, implying a lack of care in handling mercury. Urinary mercury contents of one dentist and four dental assistants exceeded 0.05 mg/l i.e. the upper "normal" value for a population with no known exposure to mercury. The manner in preparation and handling of the amalgam were considered to be the predominant comtamination factor.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment with hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors in hypercholesterolemia induces changes in the components of the extrinsic coagulation system.

The present study was performed to determine the influence of pharmaceutical intervention on parameters of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in hypercholesterolemic patients. Eighteen otherwise-healthy individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia were treated with a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (simvastatin, 40 mg daily) for 12-14 weeks followed by additional treatment with omega-3 fatty acids (equivalent to 4 g eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid daily) for 6 more weeks. With simvastatin treatment, the mean decreases in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B (apo B) were 39%, 46%, and 36%, respectively. Only minor changes in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apo A-1 were recorded. omega-3 fatty acids had minor additional effects. The most prominent effects on the blood coagulation system were the changes in extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI), which is the inhibitor of the factor VIIa-tissue thromboplastin complex. EPI activity decreased from a median of 153% to 111% (p less than 0.001) with simvastatin treatment and to 112% (p less than 0.001) on the combined regimen. EPI activity was significantly correlated with LDL cholesterol (r = 0.78), total cholesterol (r = 0.77), apo B (r = 0.65), and apo A-1 (r = 0.45). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that LDL cholesterol was the most important predictor of EPI activity, which suggests that a majority of EPI activity in plasma is associated with LDL. Moreover, the alteration in EPI activity was correlated closely with the corresponding alteration in LDL, which suggests a direct relation between a coagulation-inhibitor activity and a pharmaceutical lipid-related response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗