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J Nowakowski

Publications and source records attributed to J Nowakowski.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Enhanced lymphocyte-mediated killing of tumour cells after tumour irradiation in vivo.

The effect of local X-irradiation of a syngeneic carcinoma of fibrosarcoma growing in the leg of W/Fu rats on the ability of host spleen lymphocytes to kill syngeneic and allogeneic tumour cells in vitro was examined. Lymphocytotoxicity was found to be enhanced one day after local X-irradiation (4000 R) when compared with unirradiated tumour-bearing rats (p = 0.05 to 0.01). This enhancing effect of local irradiation was not observed when the lymphocytes were tested 1 week or later after X-irradiation, nor when normal legs of non-tumour bearing rats were irradiated. Mechanisms which might possibly explain these results are a reduction in release of tumour-specific antigen which can act as an inhibitor of cell-mediated cytotoxicity, or depletion of suppressor cells in the lymphocyte population. These findings may be relavant to clinical studies of cellular immunity in patients undergoing radiotherapy of malignant tumours.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of an OspA vaccine preparation for prevention of Lyme disease in New York State.

A multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was done comparing a 30-microgram dose of a single protein recombinant OspA vaccine preparation with a saline placebo for efficacy in prevention of Lyme disease in humans. The OspA vaccine (30-microgram dose) or saline placebo was given intramuscularly at day 0, 1 month later, and 12 months later. Cases of possible Lyme disease were evaluated clinically and using culture, polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot assays. Safety data are being analyzed separately. 1,634 adult volunteers were enrolled at a single center in New York State. Vaccine efficacy during the first year was 40% and during the second 37%. Compared with placebo, the OspA vaccine significantly reduced the frequency of Lyme disease during the 2-year study period (P < 0.04, one-tailed Fisher's exact test). Vaccine efficacy was restricted to volunteers under 60 years old (50% vs 9%, P < 0.03, two-tailed Fisher's exact test). A recombinant OspA vaccine preparation was found to have moderate activity in preventing Lyme disease in adults under 60 years old from New York State. Reasons for vaccine failure need to be addressed and a risk benefit ratio calculated.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multiple adenoma of the adrenal cortex with the clinical picture of Cushing's syndrome].

The paper sums up the experience of the clinic in diagnosing and therapy of the Cushing syndrome due to multiple autonomous adrenal cortical adenomas. The observation was carried out in a group of 5 women between 15-44 years of age (31.7 on an average). In the clinical material including 225 cases of the Cushing syndrome, they amounted to 2.2 per cent. All the five patients had typical somatic symptoms, myasthenia, ++amenorrhea. In hormonal examinations the content of 17-OHCS in the 24-hour urine was only periodically increased, 17-KS was within the normal range. There was no inhibiting action of dexamethasone on the excretion of cortisol, even when the initial values of corticosteroids++ were normal. The concentration of ACTH in the blood (determined in 3 cases) was around low normal range. Three patients underwent computer tomography; in one case adrenal glands were of normal size, in the second case--the two glands were enlarged, in the third case--the right gland was much larger than the left one. Microscopic examinations showed the atrophy of adrenal cortex beyond the adenomas. In case of multiple adenomas of the left gland surgery was confined to unilateral adrenalectomy. Among the remaining 4 patients, 3 underwent simultaneous resection of the two glands. All the patients showed the regression of symptoms of the disease, except for the changes in bones. One patient did not turn up for further therapy after unilateral adrenalectomy because of partial improvement.

Adenoma↗