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J O Ogunbiyi

Publications and source records attributed to J O Ogunbiyi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Temporal and biological trends in liver cancers at a University hospital in Southwest Nigeria.

The changes in incidence, sex distribution and histological profile of cancers of the liver over two decades at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, were studied. There were 1234 cases of liver cancer, consisting of 876 men and 358 women, a men to women ratio of 2.4:1, and peak age incidence was between 40 and 59 years. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounted for 92% of all cases; metastatic carcinoma was 1.78%, cholangiocarcinoma 1.2%, while combined HCC and cholangiocarcinoma was 0.24%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Leukaemia cutis in a patient with acute myelogenous leukaemia: case report.

Leukaemia cutis is a specific lesion of leukaemia in which there is leukaemic cell deposit in the skin. There are few reports of this condition in our environment. Several mechanisms have been postulated for the pathogenesis of the disease. One of which is the tissue selective homing of a unique sub-population of malignant clone of cells. The presence of leukaemia cutis does not seem to worsen the prognosis as the acute myeloid leukaemia is an equally lethal disease. The fatality of the disease is compounded by the unavailability of the right regimen in our patient. This paper documents a case of leukaemia cutis in a patient initially diagnosed to have AML who developed skin lesion in remission. A skin biopsy was found helpful in diagnosing the first sign of relapse in a patient in haematological remission.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Orbital metastases of prostatic carcinoma in a tropical African population.

We have reviewed the cases of orbital metastases from carcinoma of the prostate gland seen in the University College Hospital, Ibadan over an 11 year period, 1990-2000. During the period, seven cases of orbital metastases that presumably arose from carcinoma of the prostate were seen. Four of the patients died of progression of the primary disease over a variable period ranging between 2 weeks and 30 months of diagnosis and treatment, two were lost to follow up and one is alive 46 months after initial diagnosis of orbital metastases from carcinoma of the prostate and treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Focal dermal hypoplasia: a case report and review of literature.

A 14 year old girl was seen in the clinic with a huge vulvar wart, and warts on both tonsils. She also had poikiloderma. She had bony abnormalities, which included lobster claw abnormality of the right foot, a right cervical rib, and the right clavicle was lower than the left. There were fine parallel vertical radio-opaque lines in the distal femoral tibial metaphyses bilaterally (osteopathia striata). A diagnosis of Focal dermal hypoplasia was made. The huge vulvar wart and the warts on the tonsils were excised. She recovered promptly and she was discharged home.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Size, course, distribution and anomalies of the middle cerebral artery in adult Nigerians.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the size, course, distribution and anomalies of the middle cerebral artery in adult Nigerians. DESIGN: A retrospective study. SETTING: Department of pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan between April and September 1999. SUBJECTS: One hundred middle cerebral arteries from patients' asymptomatic for central nervous system lesions, obtained at autopsy from fifty adult Nigerians were examined. RESULTS: The MCA arose as the wider of the two terminal branches of the internal carotid artery (ICA). Its mean diameter was 3.49 mm (CI = 3.39-3.59 mm), while the mean pre-division length was 15.43 mm (CI = 14.59-16.27 mm). In 92% of specimens, the first branches were perforators. The early branches were destined solely to the temporal lobe pole in most hemispheres (85%). In most specimens, (81%) the main trunk bifurcated while in 13% it trifurcated. One accessory MCA, and the early branches were given off before the perforators in two middle cerebral arteries, making an incidence of anomalies of 3%. There was no aneurysm. CONCLUSION: These results are similar to what has been described in the literature for Caucasians. It buttresses the assertion that anatomical anomalies of the MCA are rare. The rarity at autopsy of aneurysms of the MCA in asymptomatic Nigerian Africans is not explained by the gross morphology of this vessel.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Hepatocellular carcinoma in the developing world.

There has recently been an observable increase in some forms of cancer the world over. This is attributable in large part to the introduction of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related malignancies into the world of medicine and it is interesting that most of these cases are seen in the developing world, which proportionately leads with the number of AIDS cases. Despite this, some more traditional cancers remain the big killers in these areas of the world, except that in some countries definitive interventions have yielded excellent results in reducing disease burden. In Africa and the developing world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer death, having some clearly established etiologic factors. This review describes the current status of each of these known etiologic factors in the various areas and, using available evidence, suggests options that may be employed to further stem the incidence of HCC and improve on survival in these populations. Semin Oncol 28:179-187.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Further characterization of storage-related alterations in immunoreactivity of archival tissue sections and its implications for collaborative multicenter immunohistochemical studies.

Storage of unstained paraffin slides may lead to the deterioration of specimens and failure to detect cellular proteins immunohistochemically. Although the implication of age-induced alterations on multicenter immunohistochemical studies would be considerable, they have not been investigated previously. The current study was undertaken to examine the effect of this factor further and to explore new ways of overcoming the resultant shortcomings. The authors now report on the immunodetection of a host of antigens in similarly preserved unstained serial paraffin slides obtained from three centers using a panel of eight antibodies. Staining of recently prepared sections from the authors' centers resulted in similar strong patterns in seven of eight antibodies, with one antibody demonstrating variable immunoreactivity. However, storage of unstained paraffin sections at room temperature resulted in a variable but progressive decrease in expression of several tissue antigens. Although the loss in antigenicity was proportional to the length of storage, the effect was reversible if super antibody concentrations were used. The authors conclude that recently prepared paraffin sections from centers with similar fixation protocols have similar immunoreactivity and are suitable for use in comparative multicenter studies. However, in view of the delays that may attend tissue transportation during these projects, the authors suggest that test systems should be checked for age-induced antigen degradation by incubating sections with higher antibody concentrations.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1999

Coexisting congenital sublingual dermoid and bronchogenic cyst.

A congenital dermoid together with a bronchogenic cyst at the base of the tongue is extremely rare. We describe a 5-year-old boy who presented with an enlarged anterior segment of mandible, slight swelling of the left submandibular region, and a large swelling of the floor of the mouth that was displacing the tongue posteriorly. Both cysts were successfully excised and the boy made an uncomplicated recovery. Occlusion and mastication returned to normal and his speech improved remarkably.

Bronchogenic Cyst↗
PubMed1999

Congenital poikiloderma with unusual hypopigmentation and acral blistering at birth.

Congenital poikiloderma is an uncommon hereditary disorder. It has been reported in association with various syndrome. No case has previously been reported from this environment. We report a case of congenital poikiloderma in a two and a half year old female Nigerian associated with unusual generalised hypopigmentation and acral blisters at birth. The child subsequently developed macular hyperpigmentation on an erythematous background and atrophy of the skin. Although she had some features which were suggestive of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS), the presence of hypopigmentation at birth, along with acral blistering, was noted to be peculiar to this child. We, therefore, feel that this case presents a distinct variant of congenital poikiloderma that has not been described previously.

Blister↗
PubMed1999

Increased incidence of prostate cancer in Nigerians.

An increased incidence of prostate cancer among African-American men (now the second most common cause of cancer death) has been attributed mainly to the introduction of screening techniques, which have enabled earlier diagnosis of patients. This study reviewed male cancer patients recorded in a Nigerian cancer registry to assess the current trends in prostate cancer in Nigeria. For comparison, data were broken into two groups: 1980-1988 and 1989-1996. Only the top 10 cancers occurring in both periods were considered initially in this report. For emphasis, an analysis of adult male cancers was done per decade since 1960. Results show that prostate cancer has become the number one cancer in Nigerian men and constitutes 11% of all male cancers. The median age of patients was 67.5 years (variance 5.6), and the mean age was 71.4 years (variance 14.3). These results indicate that despite the absence of screening programs in Nigeria, the number of prostate cancer cases has increased. The known risk factors probably contribute to a varying degree among Nigerians, who are generally of average build or in the low-normal range for body mass index. Moreover, the role of genetics cannot be underplayed. Given its biological characteristics, more cases of prostate cancer probably would be recorded among this population if screening were undertaken.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Odontogenic tumours: a 15-year review from Ibadan, Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the incidence of odontogenic tumours in Nigeria we present our experience during the 15-year period 1980-94. DESIGN: Retrospective review of histopathological specimens and case notes. SETTING: Teaching hospital, Nigeria. SUBJECTS: 128 Patients with histologically confirmed odontogenic tumours out of a total of 415 with tumours of the mouth and jaw. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence, treatment, and recurrence rate. RESULTS: Ameloblastoma (n = 21, 16%) and adenomatoid tumour (n = 16, 13%). Patients' ages ranged from 8 to 75 years (mean 33 for ameloblastoma, 31 for fibromyxoma, and 22 for adenomatoid tumour). The corresponding male:female ratios were 3:2, 2:3, and 1:1, and maxilla:mandible ratios 1:9, 1.1:1, and 2:1. The more radical the resection of ameloblastomas the less likely were they to recur. CONCLUSION: Further research is required to explain the high incidence of odontogenic tumours in Nigeria, particularly ameloblastomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Malignant haemangioendothelioma of bone in a HbSC disease patient--a case report.

We report here a 35-year-old man with sickle cell disease (SCD), who presented in 1989 with pain in the (R) hip of 7 years duration and swelling of the (R) calf of 3 months duration. Clinical examination revealed a hard tender mass in the (R) calf. Histology of the (R) calf mass revealed haemangioendothelioma (HE), similar to the histology of the (R) iliac bone mass obtained in another institution previously. He was treated with external radiotherapy with the 1.25 megavoltage beam to antero-posterior fields of the (R) hemipelvis and (R) calf, with good response. Chemotherapy was subsequently administered using 6 cycles of VAC regime. The patient remained in remission for 12 months. In 1991 he had lymphoedema of (R) lower limb and received further radiotherapy and chemotherapy after an isotope bone scan had revealed disease activity in the (R) hemipelvis, (R) femur and (L) upper tibia. He responded again with complete regression of the lymphoedema and remained well until April 1993 when the lymphoedema recurred. He died while being evaluated for further treatment. Although there is no evidence to suggest that SCD confers any protection from development of neoplasms, the co-existence of SCD with a neoplasm is not common. We consider the occurrence of HE of bone, a rare malignancy, in a HbSC patient worthy of reporting.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Seminoma arising in cryptorchid testes in Nigerian males.

Histological slides of seventy four patients with testicular malignancy found in the records of the cancer registry, University College Hospital, Ibadan over a thirty-five year period (1960-1994) were reviewed. Three (4%) cases occurred in undescended testes. Overall, eighteen (24.3%) patients were found to have seminomas. All the tumours seen in undescended testes (100%) were seminomas while about seventeen percent of seminomas were seen in undescended testes. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean ages of those with seminomas (37.6 years) and those with non-seminomatous testicular cancers (30.3 years); t = 1.69; p < 0.05. The numbers seen corroborate the fact that testicular cancers are not very common in this environment. The incidence of undescended testes is not established in this environment either. However, it seems that 100% of tumours arising in undescended testes are seminomas. It is recommended that abdominal testes seen after puberty should be removed and older patients presenting with abdominal masses should have a differential diagnosis of testicular cancer entertained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Lung cancer at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

A 30-year retrospective review of cases of lung cancer from the Cancer Registry of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria was carried out. A total of 142 cases were analysed with a male:female ratio of 1.7:1. Peak age incidence in females was 2 decades (4th) earlier than for males. Squamous cell carcinoma was found most commonly but adenocarcinoma predominated in females. Mucoepidermoid and adenoidcystic carcinomas were absent. About 27% of patients were under 40 years old and the majority of these (82%) showed histological variants which are associated with the bad prognosis (i.e. anaplastic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, small cell tumours and sarcomas. At autopsy regional lymph nodes were found to be most commonly involved by secondary metastases while the spinal cord was least involved. The epidemiology of malignant lung tumours in Ibadan probably differs from that in the more industrialized countries and this suggests a different view of risk factors for this environment. Additionally there is an urgent need for developing methods for earlier diagnosis if the mortality associated with this disease is to be reduced especially as it occurs predominantly in young people.

Adult↗