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Biomedical subjects

J O'Neill

Publications and source records attributed to J O'Neill.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Medicaid versus state funding of community residences: impact on daily life of people with mental retardation.

The unintended effects on quality of life that flow from decisions regarding funding sources used to support community-based residential programs were documented. Results show that community residence program structures play an important role in determining quality of life after deinstitutionalization. Clients living under program structures flowing from the Medicaid ICF/MR funding source were less active and involved in life than were clients living in programs funded by non-Medicaid state sources. We hypothesized that the reason for this differential outcome was the result of Medicaid funding regulations and their interpretation, which create an institutional-like set of program structures leading to restrictive care patterns.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Stability-indicating analysis of injectable estrogen-androgen combinations in formulations containing corn oil.

A method was developed for the analysis of testosterone 17-enanthate 3-benzilic acid hydrazone, 17-beta-estradiol 3,17-dienanthate, and estradiol benzoate combinations dissolved in an oily vehicle. Testosterone 17-enanthate 3-benzilic acid hydrazone was separated from the other drugs and vehicle components by chromatography on an acetonitrile-infusorial earth column followed by quantitation using UV spectroscopy. The estradiol esters were separated from the oil by an additional chromatographic step using a heptane-silanized infusorial earth column prior to quantitation by GLC. Subjecting formulations to elevated temperatures resulted in detectable losses for testosterone 17-enanthate 3-benzilic acid hydrazone and 17-beta-estradiol 3,17-dienanthate. For both drugs, degradation was due to hydroxysis; the degradation products, testosterone 17-enanthate and 17-beta-estradiol 17-enanthate, did not interfere with the intact drug determination. Methods also were developed to estimate degradation product levels in the formulation.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1979

Long-term experience with childhood thyroid carcinoma.

Twenty patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, 20 yr of age or younger have been treated at Vanderbilt University Hospital. The young patient with thyroid carcinoma frequently presents with far-advanced disease but enjoys an improved survival. Preoperative scintiscanning is useful in the evaluation of patients with childhood thyroid carcinoma. A new noninvasive scan is described and appears to be promising in the preoperative differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid lesions in children and young adults. There is a high instance of nodal metastases, but long-term follow-up would indicate that lobectomy and modified neck dissection are sufficient for most patients. However, total thyroidectomy can be performed safely in those patients with disease in both lobes. Additionalally, frozen section diagnoses were found to be helpful in diagnosing and staging thyroid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Hepatic hemangioendothelioma. Angiographic appearance and apparent prednisone responsiveness.

A 6-month-old girl was seen because of multiple cutaneous hemangiomas, hepatomegaly, and failure to thrive. A liver scan with technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid showed two filling defects in the left lobe. Diffuse nodular hepatic lesions characteristic of hemangioendotheliomas were disclosed by celiac angiography and confirmed by biopsy. Congestive heart failure, present in many infants with this syndrome, was not manifest. Prednisone was administered, 2 mg/kg, on alternate days. Liver size and cutaneous hamangiomas promptly regressed in size and "catch up" linear growth occurred during six months of treatment. Congestive heart failure did not develop. Sixteen months after treatment, liver size and a second hepatic scan were normal.

Celiac Artery↗
PubMed1977

Staphylococcal and streptococcal colonization of the newborn infant: effect of antiseptic cord care.

A randomized controlled study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of three umbilical cord treatment regimens in controlling neonatal bacterial colonization. The three regimens studied included castile soap, triple dye, and silver sulfadiazine. The triple dye and silver sulfadiazine application inhibited bacterial colonization. Staphylococcal colonization was inhibited by both treatment regimens but most effectively by triple dye. Group B streptococcal colonization was inhibited most effectively by silver sulfadiazine while triple dye application to the umbilicus promoted colonization with this microorganism. Silver sulfadiazine was more effective in controlling colonization with Gram-negative microorganisms.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1975

Toxic polyneuropathy due to methyl n-butyl ketone. An industrial outbreak.

Cases of toxic distal polyneuropathy have been studied in a plant producing plastic-coated and color-printed fabrics. After the screenig of 1,157 employees, a total of 86 verified cases were detected. Of these, 11 were moderate to severe in intensity and usually with motor and sensory involvement; 38 were mild, with sensory signs prevailing; and 37 were minimal, but with characteristic electro-diagnostic abnormalities. Muscle weakness and electromyographic abnormalities were predominantly distal. Reflex loss was minimal. Sensory deficits were distal and limited to pain, touch, and temperature discrimination with occasional loss of vibration sense. The distribution of involvement severity of the disorder, and temporal course of the outbreak correlated with exposure with methyl n-butyl ketone. After elimination of this agent improvement was noted in the majority of cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The orthopedic management of conjoined twins: a review of 13 cases and report of 4 cases.

We reviewed 13 pairs of conjoined twins treated at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between 1957 and 1988. Orthopedic problems were related to the ischiopagus type. These included problems related to separation and to the correction of associated deformities. The technique for separation has evolved through improved preoperative imaging and with increased experience, resulting in preservation of a longer and more functional "shared leg." Better preservation of skin to cover both infants and enough of the "shared leg" to insure a functional knee has been possible with posterior iliac osteotomies to close the pelvic ring, as well as the use of tissue expanders.

Female↗