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Biomedical subjects

J Ochi

Publications and source records attributed to J Ochi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Ultrastructural immunolocalization of adenosine deaminase in histaminergic neurons of the tuberomammillary nucleus of rat.

Neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TM) of the rat hypothalamus were immunolabelled for the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA) and investigated by electron microscopic immunohistochemical techniques. ADA-immunoreactivity was distributed throughout the somal and dendritic cytoplasm of TM neurons and in the karyoplasm of most, but not all of these neurons. Immunoreactive axons were rarely observed within the tightly packed cell clusters of the TM subdivisions examined. Dense deposition of immunoreaction product together with reasonable preservation of morphological detail facilitated identification of immunoreaction product together with reasonable preservation of morphological detail facilitated identification of immunoreactive profiles and allowed characterization of the ultrastructural features of labelled neurons and the relationships of these with each other and with surrounding unlabelled neuronal and glial elements. Immunolocalization of ADA therefore represents a reliable and convenient method for the identification of TM neurons in EM studies of their ultrastructure and synaptic interactions.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1990

[Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA contents in human hepatocellular carcinoma].

The nuclear DNA contents in fresh surgical specimens in cases of 34 hepatocellular carcinoma were measured by flow cytometry. The frequency of aneuploid and relation of ploidy with degree of malignancy (stage and portal vein thrombosis, etc.) were examined. The incidence of aneuploidy of human hepatocellular carcinoma was 53%, these cases were at a significantly higher stage than the diploid cases (P less than 0.05). Among aneuploid cases, 61% (11 out of 18 cases) were associated portal vein thrombosis, this incidence was also significantly higher than the 6% (one of 16 cases) for the diploid cases (P less than 0.01). These findings demonstrated flow cytometric analysis are not only useful to diagnose to hepatocellular carcinoma, but useful to evaluate the prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Clorazepate therapy for intractable epilepsy.

Thirty-one epileptic patients with seizures refractory to conventional anticonvulsants were treated by adding clorazepate dipotassium to their regimen. Twelve cases showed improvement in seizure frequency, three of whom attained a seizure free state. Response to clorazepate was not related to the type of epilepsy, but patients with secondary generalized epilepsy tended to be less responsive than those with partial epilepsy. Among the various seizure types, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and simple partial seizures showed, although not significant, a tendency to be more responsive to clorazepate therapy than other seizure types, including complex partial seizures, atypical absence, atonic seizures, and tonic seizures. Drowsiness was the main adverse effect, of which 14 patients complained. Six patients were withdrawn from clorazepate because of drowsiness, but in the remaining 8 patients, this side effect disappeared within a week. The appearance of adverse effect was not related to the dose of clorazepate given. Clorazepate may be an effective secondary anticonvulsant in the treatment of intractable epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Alternating combination chemotherapy (VIP-DMF) in patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate].

Eleven patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with a cyclic alternating chemotherapy (VIP-DMF therapy), consisting of a three-drug combination of vincristine, ifosfamide, and peplomycin; and a three-drug combination of adriamycin, mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil. Each cycle was repeated every 3 or 4 weeks. Of these patients, 9 were refractory to prior hormonal therapy and 8 (89%) achieved an objective response (3 partial, 6 stable) using the criteria of the U.S. National Prostatic Cancer Project. In the patients showing objective response, the duration was from 3 to 18 months with a median duration of 6 months. The survival periods from the initiation of chemotherapy in effective cases ranged from 6 to 20+ months with a median duration of 11 months. The major toxicity was myelosuppression, although no patients suffered life-threatening toxicity. We consider that VIP-DMF therapy is a useful regimen for the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Intravesical chemotherapy with interferon in superficial bladder tumors].

Interferon (IFN) was used in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors. Interferon (IFN-beta, IFN-gamma) was instilled into the bladder at dosages ranging from 16 billion to 36 billion U IFN per 30 ml physiological saline. The IFN was instilled into the bladder once a day or twice a day for 10 to 20 days. In this trial, ten patients with superficial bladder tumors were treated at Okayama City Hospital, and of these, 1 CR, 3 PR, 2 MR and 4 NC were obtained. There were no signs of either irritable bladder or general side effects. IFN (especially IFN-beta) is considered a useful drug for superficial bladder tumors in intravesical chemotherapy.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1987

[A new anti-cancer agent, bestrabucil (KM 2210): I. Concentration in the serum and tissue in urogenital tumors].

Serum and tissue concentrations of bestrabucil (KM 2210), a combined agent of 17-estradiol and Chlorambucil, were examined in patients with urogenital cancers including those of the kidney, bladder, prostate and testis. We administered orally 100mg (50 mg X 2/day of bestrabucil for 3 days), and determined its plasma levels and metabolites. A maximum drug concentration, i.e., 9.25 ng/ml, was noted 3 hours after administration; a constant plasma level of 5 ng/ml was maintained and the concentration of free chlorambucil was low. After single or consecutive oral administration of bestrabucil (100-300 mg), tumor specimens contained significantly large amounts of bestrabucil in comparison with adjacent normal tissue. Selective accumulation of the active component in tumor tissue suggests the clinical usefulness of bestrabucil.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Increased lysyl oxidase activity in culture medium of nonparenchymal cells from fibrotic livers.

Lysyl oxidase, which plays an important role in collagen deposition in chronic liver diseases, was studied in nonparenchymal cell cultures from fibrotic human livers. Liver biopsy specimens were obtained from control patients without apparent hepatic disease, and from patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, or liver cirrhosis. Nonparenchymal cells from biopsy specimens were cultured. At the third passage of the culture, lysyl oxidase activity was measured in the culture medium and cell layer. Most of the activity in the culture medium of cirrhotic liver cells was significantly higher than that in the medium of liver cells from controls or from patients with chronic hepatitis, whereas no significant difference in activity was noted between chronic persistent hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis cells. In patients with chronic hepatitis, lysyl oxidase activity in the culture medium from liver cells of alcoholics was significantly higher than that in the medium from liver cells of nonalcoholics. Thus, increased lysyl oxidase activity was found in the medium of nonparenchymal cell cultures from patients with cirrhosis and from alcoholics with chronic hepatitis. This increased activity may be related to fibrotic processes in the liver.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Dopaminergic innervation and inhibition of ciliary movement in the ciliated epithelium of frog palatine mucosa.

The effect of dopamine on ciliary movement and the existence of dopamine-containing cells in the ciliated epithelium of frog palatine mucosa were investigated pharmacologically and by means of electron and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Ciliary movement was suppressed markedly when the perfusion medium contained 10(-6) M dopamine, thereby indicating that dopamine has a suppressive effect on ciliary movement. Electron microscopy revealed at least two types of granule-containing (GC) cells, type 1 cells containing small spherical granular vesicles (about 100-150 nm in diameter) and type 2 cells containing elongated dense granules (about 150 X 250 nm in diameter). One hour after systemic administration of dihydroxyphenylalanine-[3H(G)] [( 3H]DOPA), a large number of silver grains appeared only in type 2 GC cells, thus indicating that type 2 cells are catecholamine-storing. Blue-green fluorescent cells were detected in the ciliated epithelium. On microspectrofluorometry, catecholamine fluorescence in the cells showed a main excitation and emission maxima at 415 and 480 nm, respectively. When the fluorescent cells were exposed to HCl vapor for several s, the excitation peak shifted to 380 nm and this peak was unchanged after treatment for an additional 5 min. It may be considered that these fluorescent cells contain dopamine and correspond to type 2 GC cells. A possible functional relationship between regulation of ciliary movement and dopamine-containing cells was also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Monoamine-containing subependymal cells of the lamprey: evidence from combined fluorescence histochemistry and electron microscopy.

Two types of monoamine-containing subependymal cells were studied microspectrofluorometric analyzes showed that yellow fluorescent cells contained 5HT and blue-green fluorescent cells dopamine (DA). These type types of fluorescent cells could be recognized also in a thin section (about 250 nm thick) mounted on a reference grid. Electron microscopy of the same section revealed that electron dense granules in the 5HT-containing cells are larger (80-140 nm) in size than those in the DA-containing cells (60-100 nm).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunohistochemical demonstration of the serotonin-containing subependymal cells in the frog hypothalamus.

The localization of serotonin(5HT)-containing subependymal cells was demonstrated by immunochemistry. The 5HT-containing subependymal cells were predominantly located in the paraventricular organ, while a small number of them were situated in the nucleus infundibularis dorsalis. The basal processes of these 5HT cells of the paraventricular organs appeared to have contact with the wall of blood vessels. The result was discussed in comparison with that obtained by the formaldehyde induced fluorescence (FIF) method.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The fine structure of the follicle-forming cells in the adenohypophysis of the ironfish, a natural hybrid between the Funa and the goldfish (Teleostei, Cyprinidae).

The ironfish considered to be the natural hybrid between the Funa (Carassius carassius) and goldfish (C. auratus), has several peculiarities in its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology. Its adenohypophysis also shows follicular formations which are never found in either parent species. The follicles of the ironfish adenohypophysis consist of both prolactin cells and stellate (agranular) cells. The prolactin cells have a tall pyramidal form, and their secretory granules are seen more often in the basal cytoplasm than in the apical region. The electron-dense content of the granule is released into the perifollicular space by exocytosis. The apices of the cells bearing microvilli and a cilium are exposed to the follicular lumen. Many of the cilia, however, protrude from the lateral surface of the apical region into the intercellular cleft. The apical processes of the stellate cells extend among the prolactin cells and reach the follicular lumen. The end of the process becomes broad with microvilli and a cilium, and is joined together with the apical processes of other stellate or prolactin cells and sometimes lies in close proximity to the corticotrophs near the follicle. Nerve terminals in the perifollicular region contain small clear vesicles and large granular vesicles. They are occasionally in direct contact with prolactin cells and corticotrophs. By fluorescence histochemistry for catecholamines, blue-green fluorescent fibers are frequently detected in the RPD but rarely near the follicle. These findings suggest that the follicles seen in the ironfish are derived from the regional rudiments of the Rathke's pouch.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗