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Biomedical subjects

J Oppermann

Publications and source records attributed to J Oppermann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis: analysis of clinical effects, mortality, and transplant related morbidity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of follow up data on 34 children with JIA who were treated with ASCT in nine different European transplant centres. Rheumatological evaluation employed a modified set of core criteria. Immunological reconstitution and infectious complications were monitored at three month intervals after transplantation. RESULTS: Clinical follow up ranged from 12 to 60 months. Eighteen of the 34 patients (53%) with a follow up of 12 to 60 months achieved complete drug-free remission. Seven of these patients had previously failed treatment with anti-TNF. Six of the 34 patients (18%) showed a partial response (ranging from 30% to 70% improvement) and seven (21%) were resistant to ASCT. Infectious complications were common. There were three cases of transplant related mortality (9%) and two of disease related mortality (6%). CONCLUSIONS: ASCT in severely ill patients with JIA induces a drug-free remission of the disease and a profound increase in general wellbeing in a substantial proportion of patients, but the procedure carries a significant mortality risk. The following adjustments are proposed for future protocols: (1) elimination of total body irradiation from the conditioning regimen; (2) prophylactic administration of antiviral drugs and intravenous immunoglobulins until there is a normal CD4+ T cell count.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗
PubMed1994

Therapeutical and immunological effects of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in comparison with intravenous immunoglobulin. Treatment in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis.

Twenty patients with polyarticular or systemic subtypes of juvenile chronic arthritis were primary treated with either Methylprednisolone (MP) pulses (group I) or i.v. Immunoglobulin (IG) (group II) in combination with Methotrexat and low dosages of Glucocorticosteroids. Clinical effects of treatment were rapid and excellent in both groups and also the regression of inflammatory activity. MP-pulses and also IG-treatment decrease significant the respective part of lymphocytes and T-cells. Significant is also the decrease of CD4 and CD8 cells and the normalization of the CD4/CD8 ratio in both groups. Different are the effects on B-cells and NK-cells between the two groups. Whereas MP-pulses decrease the number of B-cells. IG-treatment leads to high increase. The number of NK-cells increases after each single MP-pulse and decreases significant after IG-infusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Current aspects of drug therapy of juvenile chronic arthritis].

From the sight of avoiding crippling and dying owing to juvenile chronic arthritis the importance of pharmacologic therapy is discussed. New opinions on the application of medicines already used are elaborated, new medicaments (piroxicam, sulfasalazin) are represented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Traditional medicine in Ethiopia in childhood diseases].

Parents of 100 paediatric patients hospitalized in the Gondar College of Medical Sciences were interviewed on their knowledge of and experience with indigenous medicine in the region. The result has provided an orienting review of methods used for common childhood disorders and attitudes towards traditional and modern medicine, resp. and some understanding of ideas of the rural population on the "etiology" of some diseases. Among the methods some are dangerous. Traditional medicine is the primary (and often the only) source of health care for major parts of the population in developing countries. Some knowledge of this system is also necessary for modern style medical staff working in such regions for a variety of reasons. Some of these aspects are discussed.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of the genetics of haptoglobin types in the demarcation of subgroups of juvenile chronic arthritis].

According to the at present valid definition and due to its different clinical subgroups as well as to the different therapeutic influencibility and prognosis the juvenile chronic arthritis represents a very heterogeneous feature of a disease. Systems of genetic markers increasingly obtain importance for the exact clinical specification of the juvenile chronic arthritis. The investigations described in this paper show a significant correlation of the genetically determined haptoglobin variants to the subgroups of the juvenile chronic arthritis. By means of the careful nosological differentiation which goes beyond the usual principles of subdivision the type of haptoglobin gives a diagnostic enrichment in the assessment of the juvenile chronic arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Metabolism and pharmacokinetic studies of misoprostol.

Absorption, metabolism and excretion of radiolabelled misoprostol were studied in laboratory animals and in humans. Dog and man were similar in terms of key parameters examined. Misoprostol itself was not present in plasma after its oral administration to humans. Misoprostol was rapidly converted by de-esterification to its free acid. This metabolite possesses significant desired pharmacological activity. Further metabolic conversion occurs over time via beta-oxidation of the alpha side chain, omega-oxidation of the beta side chain and reduction to the prostaglandin F analogs. The serum protein binding of the free acid metabolite of misoprostol was similar in young (81-88%) and elderly (81-89%) people. Binding was concentration-independent and was not altered by drugs which one would expect to be co-administered with misoprostol. In the rat, misoprostol neither inhibited nor induced drug metabolizing enzymes. A radio-immunological assay for measurement of the free acid metabolite in human plasma has been developed. This method has a sensitivity of 23 pg/ml and appears to be sufficiently sensitive for use in clinical trials.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1984

[Side effects of therapy with antihuman lymphocyte globulin].

The most important side effects during AHLG-treatment of 34 children suffering from juvenile chronic arthritis, collagenoses, autoimmune chronic hepatitis, aplastic anaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia are: Thrombocytopenia, urticaria, fever, anaphylactic reaction. They all are reversible a short time after cessation of AHLG-administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Medicated tampons: intravaginal sustained administration of metronidazole and in vitro-in vivo relationships.

The technical feasibility of utilizing tampons as a drug delivery system for prolonged intravaginal drug administrations was studied. Several commercially available brands of tampons were examined. The methodology for the incorporation of various doses of metronidazole, an antitrichomonas agent, in tampons was described. The sustained-release profile of metronidazole from these medicated tampons was characterized. Intravaginal administration of metronidazole via the medicated tampons was investigated in rhesus monkeys and human volunteers, and in vitro-in vivo correlations were established. The biopharmaceutics of intravaginal absorption of metronidazole via medicated tampons was analyzed in comparison with a vaginal solution formulation.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

[Lymphocyte transformation using anti-lymphocyte globulin in child patients (author's transl)].

In normal children about under PHA 67% of the lymphocytes, but only 8% under AHLG show a blast transformation. Children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis reveal (in autologeous serum) a PHA-reactivity of the normal range, whereas the transformation rate under AHLG is increased on more than 60%. In immune proliferative disease the results are different. Further investigations have to show, if these results are of importance for diagnosis and therapy of the above mentioned diseases.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1977

The nitroblue tetrazolium test in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and the stimulation of granulocytes by patients sera.

The spontaneous NBT test was used in 57 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and another connective tissue diseases. The patients were grouped according to the various manifestations and divided into different stages of activity. The patients with tendosynovitis and unknown arthralgia showed a negative test. Patients with morbus Wissler without exudative joint manifestations were also NBT-negative, to a large degree. By contrast, all manifestations with joint involvement showed a high per centage of positive results in the NBT test. In a second investigation, the granulocytes of normal persons were stimulated by sera of patients with various manifestations of JRA. The sera of patients with joint manifestations all caused a stimulation of the granulocytes of normal persons, compared with the controls, in which pooled human serum was employed. Stimulation of granulocytes with serum of Wissler patients proved impossible, however.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗