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J P Butzler

Publications and source records attributed to J P Butzler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of antimicrobial therapy on the specific serological response to Helicobacter pylori infection.

The systemic immune response to Helicobacter pylori was studied in 247 infected adult patients before antimicrobial therapy and at different intervals following therapy. Endoscopy with simultaneous collection of biopsies was performed in all patients immediately before treatment, 4 to 6 weeks after the end of therapy and 6 to 12 months later. A 14C-urea breath test was performed 3 to 6 months after the end of treatment. Biopsy specimens were cultured and examined histologically using Giemsa stain. Sera were tested for Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies with a commercial enzyme immunoassay using species-specific antigens. Overall, Helicobacter pylori was eradicated in 120 patients while the other 127 remained infected with the organism. The follow-up period ranged from 4 weeks to 33 months (mean 10.2 months). Pretreatment IgG levels did not differ significantly between the two groups of patients. Six weeks after the end of treatment a slight but definite decrease in the IgG antibody levels was seen irrespective of treatment success. In the 127 patients who remained Helicobacter pylori-positive, the level of IgG antibodies remained stable or increased with time. A continuous fall in antibody levels was observed following bacterial eradication in the other 120 patients, but the difference in antibody levels between treatment responders and nonresponders became significant only more than six months after the end of treatment (p = 0.001). Serological testing may be useful for monitoring the outcome of long-term treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection and obviate the need for endoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Campylobacter enteritis in Portugal: epidemiological features and biological markers.

From 1984 to 1989, stool samples from 2811 gastroenteritis cases were examined for the presence of Campylobacter jejuni and C. Coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia species. Isolation rates were: Campylobacter jejuni and C. Coli, 5.3%, Salmonella spp., 14.8%, Shigella spp., 4.6% and Yersinia enterocolitica, 1.1%. Age group distribution analysis shows a higher Campylobacter isolation rate in children under one year of age. Seasonal distribution revealed a peak incidence in winter as in other Mediterranean countries. Predominant biotypes were C. jejuni I (51%), C. jejuni II (21.5%) and C. coli I (18.8%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing did not reveal resistance to erythromycin. Thirty of the strains harboured plasmids with 7 different profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Differentiated Caco-2 cells as a model for enteric invasion by Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli.

A collection of 44 Campylobacter isolates (37 C. jejuni and seven C. coli) from children with colitis (21 strains) or watery diarrhoea (23 strains) was analysed for toxin production, association with HeLa cells, and invasion of differentiated Caco-2 cell cultures. There was no obvious association of clinical symptoms with species, biotype or enterotoxin production. All colitis strains and most of the isolates from watery diarrhoea were cytotoxic for Chinese hamster ovary cells. Measurements of bacterial association indices with HeLa cells varied with time, and were considered to be unreliable for discriminating between isolates from the two diagnostic groups. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups (all colitis strains and 65% of strains from non-inflammatory diarrhoea) with respect to invasion of both HeLa and Caco-2 cell monolayers. However, among the strains from non-inflammatory diarrhoea that did invade, numbers of internalised bacteria were similar to the range observed for colitis strains. Of the colitis strains, 86% were able to transcytose through polarised Caco-2 monolayers grown on filters, compared with 48% of isolates from non-inflammatory disease. We propose the use of Caco-2 cells as a model for studying invasion of intestinal epithelia by C. jejuni and C. coli.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of a commercially available second-generation immunoglobulin G enzyme immunoassay for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection.

We evaluated a commercially available second-generation anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Cobas Core Anti-Helicobacter pylori EIA; Roche S. A., Basel, Switzerland) for serodiagnosis of H. pylori infection. The results of the assay were assessed in relation to the results of bacterial culture, urease testing, and histological Giemsa stain of gastric biopsy specimens from 1,134 patients with a variety of symptoms relating to the upper gastrointestinal tract. H. pylori was detected in biopsy specimens from 660 (58.2%) patients: 6 had a normal mucosa, 123 had chronic gastritis only, and 531 were found to have chronic active gastritis by histology; endoscopy showed duodenal and gastric ulcers in 137 and 64 patients of the last two groups, respectively. The test was evaluated with different age and ethnic groups. The prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were, respectively, (i) for Belgian patients between 18 and 40 years old, 34, 93, 95, 91, and 96%; (ii) for Belgian patients more than 40 years old, 53, 96, 91, 93, and 95%; and (iii) the Mediterranean patients more than 17 years old, 87, 94, 70, 95, and 64%. All sera showing discordant immunoassay results compared with the results of histology and culture of biopsy specimens, as well as those with borderline immunoassay results, were tested further by immunoblotting. Among the EIA results considered false negative, we demonstrated an absence of seroconversion in 14 of 19 patients tested by immunoblotting. Among the EIA results considered false positive, immunoblotting showed the presence of specific antibodies in 28 of 37 patients tested. Among the borderline results obtained in the first assay with 22 patients' sera, a second assay showed positive results in 10 patients (8 were positive by immunoblotting) and negative reactions in 10 patients (9 were negative by immunoblotting), whereas 2 remained borderline. These data indicate that sera showing borderline immunoassay results must be tested again. In conclusion, this commercially available second-generation EIA, which is easy and quick to perform, was found highly reliable for the serodiagnosis of H. pylori infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of a commercially available complement fixation test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and for follow-up after antimicrobial therapy.

Commercially available complement fixation test reagents (Institute Virion Ltd., Rüschlikon, Zurich, Switzerland) available in package format were evaluated for the serodiagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. The assay was compared with bacterial culture and histological Giemsa stain of gastric biopsy specimens obtained from 930 patients of different ages and from different ethnic groups, with a variety of upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms. The prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values, respectively, were 35, 71, 90, 80, and 85% for Belgian patients aged 40 years or younger, 50, 81, 93, 92, and 83% for Belgian patients older than 40 years, and 83, 83, 79, 95, and 48% for Mediterranean patients. Using 645 serum specimens from 226 patients, we also evaluated the complement fixation test for its ability to monitor the eradication of H. pylori following antimicrobial therapy. Overall, H. pylori was eradicated from 122 patients while 104 patients remained infected with the organism. A significant decrease in antibody levels was observed 3 to 6 months after the end of therapy in the group of patients from whom H. pylori was eradicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Outbreak of recurrent abdominal cramps associated with Arcobacter butzleri in an Italian school.

In the autumn of 1983, an outbreak of recurrent abdominal cramps occurred in a nursery and primary school in the Rovigo area in Italy. None of the 10 affected children had diarrhea. An atypical Campylobacter-like organism was isolated from feces in all cases. Conventional enteropathogens were searched for but not detected. The Campylobacter-like organism was identified as Arcobacter butzleri by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins and cellular fatty acid analysis. Its identity was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridizations versus Arcobacter reference strains. All of the preserved outbreak strains have identical protein profiles and phenotypic characteristics and belong to serogroup 1 of the Lior serotyping scheme on the basis of slide agglutination of crude and absorbed antisera of A. butzleri reference strains versus heat-labile antigens of live bacteria. These data point to an epidemiological relationship. The successive timing of the cases suggests person-to-person transmission.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed1991

Campylobacter: pathogenicity and significance in foods.

In the last 10 years Campylobacter jejuni has emerged as the most frequent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in man. Acute enterocolitis, the most common presentation of C. jejuni infection, can affect persons of all ages. C. jejuni has been found in virtually every country where investigations have been carried out. The frequent finding of dysenteric stools suggests that mucosal damage due to an invasive process analogous to that seen in shigellosis is important in the pathogenesis. Campylobacteriosis in man is mainly a foodborne infection in which foods of animal origin, particularly poultry, play an important role. Epidemiological investigations have demonstrated a significant correlation between the handling and consumption of poultry meat and the occurrence of Campylobacter enteritis. Barbecues appear to present special hazards for infection, because they permit easy transfer of bacteria from raw meats to hands and other foods and from these to the mouth. Milk is sometimes found to be contaminated and consumption of raw milk has caused several outbreaks of campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter can remain viable in fresh cheese for only a short period of time. The organism is also found in shellfish, such as clams. Campylobacter is probably very vulnerable to factors such as high temperatures and dry environments, and also to the presence of oxygen in atmospheric concentrations. Therefore, it is assumed that the organism does not persist in products like pelleted feed, meals, egg powder and spices, which are often contaminated by Salmonella. A number of preventive measures on different levels, taken simultaneously, are needed to reduce the incidence of campylobacteriosis in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Is "Campylobacter upsaliensis" an unrecognised cause of human diarrhoea?

For 3 years a filtration system for the isolation of "new" campylobacter was included in the culture protocol of 15,185 stool specimens. "C upsaliensis" was isolated in 99 patients, C jejuni subsp doylei in 4, and C hyointestinalis in 2. "C upsaliensis" was the only organism isolated in 83 patients. Clinical information was available for 77 out of these 83 patients. 92% of the patients had diarrhoea; vomiting and fever were rare (14% and 7%, respectively); the onset was mostly sudden; and the symptoms usually lasted for less than a week. Gross or occult blood was present in a quarter of cases and neutrophils were detected in faecal smears in about a fifth. "C upsaliensis" may be an unrecognised and frequent cause of diarrhoea in man, and selective isolation media should be combined with non-selective isolation systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Restriction fragment length polymorphism for the identification of Campylobacter jejuni-isolates.

Companion animals ("pets") are occasionally carriers of organisms pathogenic for man. In the present, study fecal samples of clinically inapparent animals with direct contact to 204 patients, suffering from campylobacter enteritis, were investigated for C. jejuni or C. coli (CJC). CJC positive animals were seen in the environment of only five patients (= 2.4%). By comparison of biotypes and serotypes of thermostable and thermolabile antigens from human and animal isolates no clear epidemiological relationship could be deduced. Using chromosomal DNA of the strains, genetic identity of the isolates was studied for HaeIII-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), applying a biotinylated commercial CJ probe. The probe was found to be specific for most CJ strains and revealed a pattern of one to four bands. In contrast to biotyping no identity of patient strains and animal isolates was seen in three cases; one case with different biotypes had identical RFLP patterns; one patient CJ strain did not show any pattern with the CJ probe. Serotypes were identical for a larger number of animal strains but differed in HaeIII RFLP and vice versa. Comparing the results from the different technological approaches it seems impossible to give a clear statement on the epidemiology of campylobacter infections or carrier state by biotyping alone. It is concluded that DNA RFLP patterns are a useful additional tool, but for epidemiological analysis a set of different methods should be used.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Clinical and pharmacological evaluation of different preparations of oral erythromycin.

The activity of erythromycin stearate in respiratory tract infections was evaluated. This study involved 269 out-patients. Of these, 76 satisfied the strict criteria for detailed bacteriological study with positive cultures of a known pathogen before treatment and bacteriological follow-up after treatment. The results of erythromycin stearate were good against the haemolytic streptococcal infections. The activity of this antibiotic was shown to be insufficient against Haemophilus influenzae. A second clinical trial with 20 patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis demonstrated quite good activity from erythromycin ethylsuccinate and no intolerance when administered in a dose of 1 g q.i.d. The administration of 1 g of the ethylsuccinate immediately after a meal gave a peak serum concentration after 60 min of 3.36 micrograms/ml. Blood levels on the fourth day of this treatment showed some accumulation, concentrations of greater than 4 micrograms/ml being found at 30, 60 and 90 min after the dose. With its good absorption, its lack of toxicity and its reputation for good diffusion into bronchial secretions, we consider that erythromycin ethylsuccinate should have a major place in the treatment of respiratory tract infections.

Administration, Oral↗