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Biomedical subjects

J P Clément

Publications and source records attributed to J P Clément.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Epidemiologic, clinical, and etiologic features of acute delirious episodes (ADE) in Togo: findings of a hospital survey].

This transverse descriptive epidemiologic study carried out in a hospital setting in Togo over a period of 80 days included a total of 63 patients presenting acute delirious episodes. There were 25 women and 38 men ranging in age from 18 to 45 were included. Most patients were young (20 to 34 years) and presented symptoms comparable to those described elsewhere in France and Africa. However several particularites were noted in this fairly protected traditional rural setting in which delirious episodes are uncommon as compared to urban settings in which such cases are more common due to sociocultural stress, drug addiction, and HIV infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Psychosocial issues in people with epilepsy in Togo and Benin (West Africa) I. Anxiety and depression measured using Goldberg's scale.

PURPOSE: This study in Togo and Benin, West Africa, was aimed at measuring depression and anxiety among people with epilepsy (PWE). METHODS: This cross-sectional study of 281 adult PWE in Togo and 215 in Benin matched with the same number of controls without epilepsy used Goldberg's anxiety and depression scale. The statistical tests used for comparisons were chi(2) tests, Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance, and Fisher's PLSD test when necessary. RESULTS: PWE in Togo and Benin had significantly higher (P<0.0001) average depression scores (4.4+/-2.1, 4.7+/-2.7) than controls (0.5+/-0.9, 1.4+/-2.4). They also had significantly higher (P<0.0001) average anxiety scores (5.3+/-2.0, 6.2+/-2.1) than controls (2.5+/-1.6, 1.6+/-2.0). In consideration of the thresholds of the scale, the prevalence of possible major anxiety and depression among PWE was also very high compared with controls (P<0.0001). High anxiety and depression scores were, in general, positively correlated with a higher frequency of seizures and lack of treatment. CONCLUSION: Results confirmed the existence of anxiety and depression among PWE in Togo and Benin.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Psychosocial issues in people with epilepsy in Togo and Benin (West Africa) II: quality of life measured using the QOLIE-31 scale.

PURPOSE: This study in Togo and Benin, West Africa, was aimed at measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people with epilepsy (PWE). METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study among 281 adult PWE in Togo and 215 in Benin matched with the same number of controls without epilepsy, using the Quality Of Life in Epilepsy Scale-31 (QOLIE-31). RESULTS: In Togo and Benin, controls had significantly better HRQOL (80.3+/-7.4, 72.2+/-12.7) than PWE (49.5+/-14.4, 52.1+/-33.4) according to the QOLIE-31 Overall score (P<0.0001). HRQOL was, in general, negatively correlated with a higher frequency of seizures and lack of treatment. CONCLUSION: Results call for specific management of epilepsy in PWE in Togo and Benin to improve their HRQOL.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Helical CT pelvimetry: advantages of a low dose volume acquisition technique].

The authors evaluate the accuracy of a new CT pelvimetry technique that allows faster and low dose acquisition, and provides an axial view of the true conjugate as well as a 3D view of the maternal pelvis. Made possible by the availability of MDCT, this new technique may be a good alternative to standard CT pelvimetry even if MR pelvimetry still appears as the gold standard.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Family, Alzheimer's disease and negative symptoms.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to look at the correlation between the presence of apathy measured by Marin's scale and family complaints related to withdrawal and the loss of motivation, or depression. The multicentre study was performed on 58 non-demented elderly people, 132 outpatients with Alzheimer's-type dementia, as well as their main caregiver. METHODS: After agreement of the patients and the family, the patients were assessed using different scales: Cornell's for depression, Marin's for apathy, MMS for cognitive disorders, and IRG for dependence. At the same time, two self-administered questionnaires were given to the patients' families: one concerning a list of complaints scored from 1 to 4 relating to various disorders and the other addressing the boundary ambiguities translated from Boss' questionnaire. The 58 non-demented people were 81.20 years old+/-13.75. One hundred and thirty-two demented patients were included: 39 men and 93 women. The mean age was 79.47 years+/-9.03. RESULTS: The first family complaint relates to the loss of motivation (65%). Apathy and depression occur more frequently in dementia, in particular when the MMS is degraded. Depression and apathy attracted a high complaint score. In our study the score of boundary ambiguity is higher among patients with a weak cognitive status. A high level of ambiguity is accompanied by a high score of family complaints. When the family complaint concerning the loss of motivation is present, apathy is significantly more common. Family complaints about withdrawal and loss of motivation are frequently present, and are congruent with the actual presence of apathy in the patient. It bears witness to the distress felt by families faced with the loss of ability noted in the demented person. The family's difficulties are increased by the patient's depression.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1996

Utilization of the Draw a Person Test in the elderly.

The purpose of this study was to assess quantitative and qualitative changes that occurred in the drawing of the human figure during depression and dementia in the elderly. A modified scale version of the Draw a Person Test (DAP) is presented. The first study (80 subjects) enabled the reduction of the number of items from 73 to 20 according to interrater reliability and diagnostic sensitivity to differentiate patients with dementia from control subjects. The second study (160 subjects: 51 with dementia, 70 with major depression, 39 elderly controls) used this 20-item DAP for cognitive assessment. The second study also featured an additional qualitative assessment (DAP 50) considering five components based upon a projective examination of the drawings. Combination of the 20-item DAP and the DAP 50 provides a complete approach to patients in accordance with the affective dimension. Results showed the ability of the 20-item DAP to discriminate dementia from depression with a better cutoff score of 7 and the usefulness of the DAP 50 in the investigation of impaired components during depression and dementia in the elderly, with the goal of specifying key aspects of psychopathology in dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Parmentier, potatoes and American pots].

The discovery of new agricultural and alimentary possibilities was one of the most important motives of the numerous scientific expeditions sent to America during the XVIIIth century. Some french scientists (naturalists, medical, botanical, etc.) undertook, during the second half of the Enlightenment century, an active campaign in favor of the potato consumption. The most well-known was the pharmacist Parmentier that settled his propaganda upon political arguments (the potato gives of eating all the population), economical (it is an easy plant of cultivating and of good efficiency), and scientific (excellent nutritious qualities).

Americas↗
PubMed1994

[Confusional and delusional states in the elderly: diagnostic and therapeutic orientations].

Confusional and delusional disorders in the elderly have specificities and can set diagnostic and therapeutic problems. The confused elder is more often anxious, very disoriented, with poor onirism, disturbed sleep, ideas of persecution and behavior disorders. Even if a multiple causality is usual, initiating circumstances come principally from an affective source. There is rupture with customary situation of the elder which hold a plurality of risk factors. These confusional disorders increase with aging and cognitive impairment. Late life delusional subject has also persecutory ideation without dissociation but with emotional reactions and affective changes. Different factors promote birth of late life delusion (personality features, isolation, sensory defect...). On psychodynamic way, these two disorders are issued from a breakdown followed by a more or less durable appointment. Confusion agrees with a somatic and psychic regression (consciousness disorganization). This is an elder's attempt to prevent anxiety. Late life delusion lays on denial and projective mecanisms. It is jointed with prejudice and intrusion (with regard to ownership, health and reputation). This is an elder's attempt to establish defences against depression. In the two situations, treatment consists on a biological regulation associated with psychodynamic approach taking elder personality, actual condition and recent life events into account.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Depression and aging].

Old age is a qualitative state during which depression frequently occurs. This illness presents particular features which should be considered in the course of both normal ageing and senility. Viewed as an existential crisis, ageing may be considered as a depression promoting factor. Rich in depression promoting factors, this period of life is a sequence of crises which result in reorganizations heavily dependent on the adaptive capabilities of the aged person. During ageing, depression exhibits particular features that one should be able to recognize and distinguish from the consequences of deficits that are the normal adjuncts of the ageing process. The same is true of alterations occurring in the cognitive sphere and which might result from demential alteration. During ageing, depression should be identified among the other decompensation patterns occurring in the aged patient by viewing the situation in terms of overhelmed mechanisms. Depression exhibits a pattern whereby it relates closely with the risk of dementia. Therapeutic management should take into account such a perspective, that one might call transnosographic, when considering the depressiveness of aged patients as a high-risk situation requiring long-term follow-up of their biological, psychodynamic, social and cognitive functions.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Description of an acquisition, management and archiving system for digital images].

The authors present a digitalizing and archiving system, for radiologic pictures. This system is composed by a camera, a microcomputer (MacIntosh II) with a digitalizing card and a great capacity optical disk (WORM) for storage. Acquiring and archiving are automatically driven by a special soft. The principal qualities of this system are simplicity for the user, speed and low cost.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed1987

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1986

[Adrenal cystic lymphangioma. Report of a case].

A case of right adrenal cystic lymphangioma in a 34-year-old women is reported. The unilocular and large form of this structure raised a twin problem: its origin and its nature. The place of ultrasonography and of computed tomography is predominant in the investigation of cystic structures of the adrenal. The etiological diagnosis is in fact based upon histopathology or, in certain cases, percutaneous puncture.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Compression of the right pulmonary artery by a dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta. Value of x-ray computed tomography].

Right pulmonary artery compression by a dissecting aortic aneurysm-value of computed tomography. The authors relate a case of dissecting aortic aneurysm occurring as a late complication of aortic valve replacement and causing right pulmonary artery compression. Computed tomography appears to be performing technique for the exploration of this unusual case.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1982

[Spontaneous splenorenal and splenocaval shunts studied by echotomography].

Spontaneous spleno-renal and spleno-caval shunts may be anatomically and functionally important in portal hypertension syndromes, as demonstrated by the distinct opacification of the inferior vena cava observed after portal venography with iodine contrast media. Part of the course of these porto-caval anastomotic vessels can be visualized by ultrasonography opposite the left adrenal gland and in the space between the spleen and the left kidney. The images obtained are characteristic enough for the diagnosis of spleno-renal shunt to be suspected before it is confirmed by portal venography, as was the case in the four patients with hepatic cirrhosis reported by the authors.

Female↗