Biomedical subjects

J P Farias

Publications and source records attributed to J P Farias.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma of the cerebellum: illustrated review.

Although rarely, the usually benign, supratentorial, grade II astrocytic tumour pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) may arise from the cerebellum. A review of the published cases of these PXAs is made including the author's own case of a 40 years-old man with a right cerebellopontine angle tumour, which recurred after a gross total resection. The major clinical and histopathological features of cerebellar PXAs are discussed, and factors playing a role in their biological behaviour, like post-surgical medical treatment, genetics and extent of leptomeningeal seeding are stressed.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Corpus callosum: microsurgical anatomy and MRI.

The anatomy of the corpus callosum has received renewed interest during recent years due to the increasing number of callosotomies performed to treat intraventricular lesions, as well as some forms of generalized epilepsy. We have previously reported on the microsurgical anatomy of the corpus callosum and identified specific anatomical reference landmarks that can be used during surgery. In the present study we have continued the anatomical aspect of this earlier work in a larger number of cases, with in vitro observations (brain out of skull) being compared with the corresponding in vivo features seen in sagittal MRI slices. Fifty-three in vitro microsurgical callosotomies was performed and the data collected compared with a series of 57 in vivo normal MR callosal images. Callosal dimensions were measured on both the anatomical and MRI material, thus overcoming the problems associated with in vitro callosal deformation. Of the anatomical landmarks studied the distance from the genu of the corpus callosum to the bifurcation of the columns of the fornix was found to be useful for the intraoperative evaluation of the extent of rostral callosotomy, as it is not significantly changed in in vitro. The main microsurgical features of rostral callosotomy are presented.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Giant distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysm not visualized on angiography: case report.

BACKGROUND: Giant distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms are rare lesions, with only 10 cases having been reported in the literature. Their diagnosis may be difficult on computed tomography (CT) scan, often simulating a callosal tumor or hematoma, with only magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan or angiography allowing a correct diagnosis. CASE REPORT: The authors present one case of a giant distal ACA aneurysm not visualized on angiography, and whose MRI scan was interpreted as a hemorrhage from a cavernoma or a glioma. The correct diagnosis was only made during surgery, and was confirmed by histopathologic examination. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that distal ACA aneurysms must be considered in the presence of a callosal mass, even with negative angiography, especially if there has been evidence of bleeding from the lesion.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗

PubMed1996

Evaluation of the endometrial cavity during menopause.

OBJECTIVE: To compare transvaginal sonography (TVS), hysteroscopy and suction curettage in the evaluation of uterine bleeding during the menopause. METHODS: Forty-seven patients who presented with either postmenopausal bleeding (31 cases) or sonographic endometrial abnormalities at menopause (16 cases) were evaluated using TVS, hysteroscopy, and curettage with a Karman curette. RESULTS: When endometrial thickness measured by TVS was < 4 mm, there was no endometrial pathology. However TVS could not differentiate accurately between hyperplasia, polyps or endometrial carcinoma. In these cases, endometrial thickness was invariably greater than 5 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Hysteroscopy proved superior to curettage in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Corpus callosotomy: some aspects of its microsurgical anatomy.

Corpus callosotomy was reported for the first time by Dandy in 1922 and developed by Van Wagenen and Herren in 1940, but only Wilson in 1975 started performing it with a microsurgical technique. Its indications have remained controversial for a long time, but during the last years new interest has been raised concerning callosotomy as a treatment for some kinds of generalized epilepsy or as route to the anterior ventricular system. The microsurgical anatomy of the corpus callosum has therefore regained interest. With this goal in mind, the authors studied some aspects of the microsurgical anatomy of the corpus callosum, namely its dimensions, variability and topography, as well as the transcallosal access to the deep interfrontal region and to the third ventricle. This study was carried out on 30 normal adult brains, obtained from routine autopsies, that were submitted to a special preparation procedure and dissected with microsurgical technique. The main aspects of the operating features, the measurements made and the variation in the different parameters are described. Some references are proposed respecting the extent of anterior partial and subtotal callosotomy.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Subacute cervical epidural hematomas.

The authors report two cases of cervical epidural hematomas with atypical subacute clinical presentation; both were operated on with excellent results. The literature is reviewed and the etiologic factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy are discussed. It is concluded that the clinical presentation and evolution of cervical epidural hematomas are more variable than previously described, including slow evolving forms and even cases with spontaneous resolution. Magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic procedure of choice. Early surgical decompression and evacuation of the lesion is the indicated therapy in most cases.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1994

Selective amygdalohippocampectomy: which route is the best? An experimental study in 80 human cerebral hemispheres.

Four different approach routes have been used to perform the selective amygdalohippocampectomy for the surgical treatment of epilepsy: transcortical through the middle T2 gyrus [1], translyvian through the deep sylvian fissure, transcortical subpial through the anterior T1 gyrus [2] and transcortical through the first temporal sulcus [3]. The choice between them, based on the advantages and disadvantages of each one, depends upon the different view angles they allow, and the parenchymal and vascular relationships they involve. This requires accurate knowledge of the microsurgical anatomy of this region and its features along the different acceding routes. The authors made an experimental study on 80 adult cerebral hemispheres they randomly submitted to selective amygdalohippocampectomy through these four alternative approach routes. They measured the dimensions of the major temporal limbic structures, namely the amygdala and the hippocampus, and their distances from the brain convexity and the deep sylvian fissure along those acceding routes; they also registered the main distinct microsurgical features of each. The results emerge as anatomical guidelines useful to decide for each case which way is preferable to make amygdalohippocampectomy complete, safer and easier.

Amygdala↗