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Biomedical subjects

J P Flynn

Publications and source records attributed to J P Flynn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Tuberculosis: optimism, pessimism, frustration.

The re-emergence of tuberculosis as a serious public health threat has captured the nation's attention. Tuberculosis more frequently affects the ethnic minorities and the socially and economically disadvantaged residents of Maryland. Effective regimens are available to treat and prevent tuberculosis. Consistent application of proven infection control measures and of treatment and prevention regimens will prevent the development and spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Substance abuse as a factor in the causality, severity, and recurrence rate of traumatic brain injury.

The effects of substance abuse on the cause, severity, and recurrence of traumatic brain injury in 322 admissions to a large rehabilitation inpatient facility are explored. Study patients tended to be young and predominantly male. Few had completed high school and a significant minority had a history of cerebral dysfunction. Patients tended to have moderate to severe closed head injuries. Motor vehicle crashes were the most common cause of injury, but patients reporting drug or drug and alcohol abuse were more likely to sustain violent injuries (e.g., gunshot wounds).

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1992

Functional improvement in geriatric trauma patients admitted to a dedicated rehabilitation hospital.

A retrospective study was undertaken of trauma patients over 55 years of age who were admitted to a rehabilitation hospital during an 18-month period. Significant risk factors for poorer in-hospital improvement in functional independent measures were male sex, having an offspring listed as next of kin, pre-injury diabetes mellitus and/or dementia, and number of co-morbidities. Being married was found to be protective.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

War crimes during the Persian Gulf War.

Evidence of violations of the 1949 Geneva Conventions by Iraq's military personnel during Desert Shield and Desert Storm are described and adverse effects on the Kuwaiti health care delivery system are discussed. New diplomatic and military initiatives that include education and accountability are needed to ensure better compliance with international conventions designed to protect victims of war.

Hospitals, Special↗
PubMed1992

Functional screening of lower-limb amputees: a role in predicting rehabilitation outcome?

The Functional Independence Measure (FIM), a single-score instrument used to measure independent functioning in six areas of basic self-care skills, was used to evaluate 68 patients following lower-limb amputation. Patients in a rehabilitation hospital were assessed with the FIM upon admission and discharge. Admission scores averaged 52.7, ranging from 25.2 to 70.0. Patients scoring in the lowest and highest quartiles were compared: no remarkable gender, ethnic, or age differences were evident. Persons with the lowest scores (ie, lowest functioning) had a higher prevalence of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The success of rehabilitation in patients in the lower two quartiles upon admission was variable and not predicted well by the FIM. In contrast, predictability of rehabilitation success was high in patients functioning higher at admission, the majority achieving near-perfect scores by discharge. Length of hospitalization appeared to be largely unrelated to the net difference in FIM scores over the course of hospitalization.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Trends in hospitalized discharge rates for head injury in Maryland, 1979-86.

Hospital discharge data from all acute care hospitals in Maryland were used to examine trends in hospitalized head injury incidence and outcome by severity. From 1979 to 1986, discharge rates increased by 3.4/100,000 per year; the largest percent increase was for more severe injuries. Discharge rates increased the most for adults ages 15-24 and ages 75+ but declined for children ages 0-4. Coinciding with the increase in head injury discharges was a decrease in the hospital case-fatality rate across all severity groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The head-injured outpatient: presentations and rehabilitation.

Head injury, which annually affects 154 per 100,000 persons in Maryland, is a serious problem requiring attention from the medical community. The role of the general practitioner is viewed as central to the process of rehabilitation since this medical professional has a pre-existent relationship with the patient and the family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Predictors of rehabilitation outcome among patients with SCI.

Because rehabilitation medicine has undergone major changes with respect to patient management and case mix since 1980, it is important to determine whether the factors predictive of rehabilitation outcomes also have changed over time.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

Changes and challenges for the practitioner.

We continue to advance our knowledge regarding susceptible hosts. As people live longer, society is faced with a new problem of dealing with ever-increasing numbers of elderly with inadequate immune defense. HIV infections, cancer drugs, and steroids continue to add more persons to this pool. As we prepare to move into the twenty-first century, historical perspectives on our past triumphs and failures allow us to feel confident to meet the challenges ahead in preventing life-threatening illnesses in persons with immune deficiency.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1989

Hospitalized head-injured patients in Maryland: incidence and severity of injuries.

Hospital discharge data collected from all acute care hospitals in Maryland were used to examine severity-specific rates of hospitalized head injuries in 1986. Findings indicate that males are at twice the risk of females for hospitalization for head injury; whites and nonwhites are at similar risk. Evidence that the rate of hospitalization for head injury may be increasing underscores the importance of head injury as a major public health problem in Maryland.

Adolescent↗