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J P Guillot

Publications and source records attributed to J P Guillot.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Dose reduction in spiral CT angiography of thoracic outlet syndrome by anatomically adapted tube current modulation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate dose reduction in spiral CT angiography of the thoracic outlet by on-line tube-current control. Prospectively, 114 patients undergoing spiral CT angiography of the subclavian artery for thoracic outlet arterial syndromes were evaluated with and without tube-current modulation at the same session (scanning parameters for the two successive angiograms, one in the neutral position and one after the postural maneuver): 140 kV; 206 mA; scan time 0.75 s; collimation 3 mm; pitch = 1). The dose reduction system was applied in the neutral position in the first 92 consecutive patients and after postural maneuver in the remaining 22 consecutive patients. Dose reduction and image quality were analyzed in the overall study group (group 1; n = 114). The influence of the arm position was assessed in 44 of the 114 patients (group 2), matched by the transverse diameter of the upper thorax. The mean dose reduction was 33% in group 1 (range 22-40%) and 34% in group 2 (range 26-40%). In group 2 the only difference in image quality was a significantly higher frequency of graininess on low-dose scans compared with reference scans whatever the patient's arm position, graded as minimal in 38 of the 44 patients (86%). When the low-dose technique was applied after postural maneuver in group 2: (a) the mean dose reduction was significantly higher (35 vs 32% in the neutral position; p = 0.006); (b) graininess was less frequent (82 vs 91% in the neutral position); and (c) the percentage of graininess graded as minimal was significantly higher (83 vs 70% in the neutral position; p = 0.2027). On-line tube-current modulation enables dose reduction on high-quality, diagnostic spiral CT angiograms of the thoracic outlet and should be applied during data acquisition in the neutral position and after postural maneuver for optimal use.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prediction of true and false positive responses to exertion by a second exercise under sublingual nitroglycerin. Multivariate analysis].

The authors consider that the diagnostic value of exercise tests could be improved by a multivariate analysis integrating the ergometric data of two exercise tests: a reference test and a test performed under nitroglycerin. 109 patients without previous myocardial infarction who suffered from angina-like chest pain were explored. All had an ischaemic-type ST depression on the CM5 lead during the first exercise test and were tested again after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin. Both tests were continued until the theoretical maximum heart rate was reached or symptoms were no longer bearable. Coronary arteriography showed that 27 patients had normal coronary vessels and 82 had a coronary disease. At univariate analysis, two parameters were significant in predicting coronary disease. These were an in increase, between the two tests, of maximal work performed (from 95 +/- 1578 kpm to 2085 +/- 1662 kpm, p less than 0.001) and of the double product, i.e. maximum heart rate x maximum systolic arterial pressure (from 181 +/- 5289 to 3826 +/- 4245 mmHg.b.min-1, p less than 0.001). Five variables were selected by logistic regression analysis, viz.: change in ST depression between the two tests, double product during the first test, sex, modification of work performed between the two tests and occurrence of chest pain during the first test. By using a threshold analysis (less than 20 p. 100, greater than 80 p. 100), 76 p. 100 of the population was correctly classified; 82.9 p. 100 of coronary disease patients and 53 p. 100 of normal subjects were well classified, whereas 2.7 p. 100 of the population studied (all normal subjects) were erroneously classified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Sublingual↗
PubMed1989

[Acute cardiac insufficiency and toxoplasmosis].

The authors report the case of a 21-year old, non-immunocompromised girl who presented with severe acute heart failure associated with Toxoplasma infection. The outcome was favourable: cure without sequelae was obtained in a few months with a symptomatic and specific treatment consisting of spiramycin and methylprednisolone. This case is interesting for several reasons. The occurrence of such an acute heart disease is extremely rare in patients with toxoplasmic myocarditis, and so is the presence of a septal focus suspected on the basis of a predominantly septal hypokinesia at echocardiography and of enzymatic changes. The development of an acute heart failure should suggest a diagnosis of toxoplasmic myocarditis, which is rare but important since a specific treatment is available.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Comparative study of methods chosen by the Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR) for evaluating sensitizing potential in the albino guinea-pig.

An evaluation was made of the different protocols recommended by the Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR) for assessing the sensitizing potential of chemicals in the guinea-pig. The methods studied were those of Magnusson & Kligman (J. invest. Derm. 1969, 52, 268), Maguire (J. Soc. cosmet. Chem. 1973, 24, 151), Maurer et al. (Agents & Actions 1975, 5, 174), Klecak et al. (J. Soc. cosmet. Chem. 1977, 28, 53), Dossou & Sicard (1984, to be published) and a hitherto unpublished method of Guillot, Gonnet, Clément & Brulos. Results obtained by each method were compared in tests on the allergenic reference substances dihydrocoumarin, p-phenylenediamine, formalin, penicillin G and benzocaine (ethoform) and on propylene glycol (negative control). The results showed that the number of animals sensitized often varies with the choice of experimental protocol, that inclusion of tests on a control substance is essential, and that while quantitative differences were found, the methods were qualitatively similar in their capacity to identify allergens in the guinea-pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the cutaneous-irritation potential of 56 compounds.

The primary cutaneous irritation of 56 chemicals was tested in the rabbit using three different procedures. The three protocols selected for the tests were the method published by the French authorities for the testing of cosmetics and toiletries (Journal Officiel 21 April 1973, p. 3862; ibid 5 June 1973, p. 3953) and the methods proposed for the testing of chemicals by the Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR) and, in 1979, by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The results of the three sets of tests were compared and the effects of differences in procedure and numbers of animals were studied, together with the possible relation between irritancy and the pH of the test material. It was concluded that the AFNOR protocol best met the requirements for such tests and that gloves should be worn for the handling of all substances classified as moderately or severely irritant on that scale.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the ocular-irritation potential of 56 compounds.

The ocular irritancy of 56 chemicals was tested in the rabbit eye, with and without rinsing, using a procedure that complied with the main requirements of three protocols, namely those proposed by the Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR) in 1982 and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1979 for the testing of chemicals and that published by the French authorities (Journal Officiel 21 April 1971, p. 3862; ibid 5 June 1973, p. 3953) for the testing of cosmetics and toiletries. The results obtained were used to establish the extent to which the assessment of a chemical's irritation potential was affected by the differences between the three protocols in respect of the observation times prescribed, the inclusion and timing of rinsing, the number of animals used and the interpretation procedure. Conclusions were also drawn about the influence of the physical state and pH of a material on its potential irritancy and about the level of irritancy that necessitates the use of eye protection.

Animals↗