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Biomedical subjects

J P Louis

Publications and source records attributed to J P Louis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic attitudes and malaria in Sanaga Basin (Cameroon)].

In order to evaluate malaria problems such as they are perceived by Sanaga Basin populations in Cameroon, authors appealed to a cluster sample survey on a population sample obtained from a 2 degree population poll in four representative sites. Malaria so defined represents the outstanding endemia by which the most usual therapeutic recourse makes self-medication interfere particularly by amino-4-quinolines. It is convenient to verify the quality of treatment so administered to adapt possibly training objectives of the interested population. In the present context of the chemoresistance extension of plasmodial strains to usual antimalarials, setting up a surveillance system of efficiency is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Severe malaria attacks in adults in Cameroon: comparison of 2 therapeutic protocols using quinine via parenteral route].

Increasing frequency and severity of cerebral malaria have become a major problem in the area of Yaoundé (Cameroon, Central Africa). Based on recent findings in pharmacokinetic parameters in cerebral malaria, a quinine infusion regimen (8 mg of quinine base/kg of body weight over 1 h followed by 8 mg of base/kg over 7 h, then 8 mg/kg over 8 h 3 times daily for 3 days) was randomly allocated to 10 patients; 10 others received a more classical regimen currently used in Cameroon of 8 mg of base/kg over 8 h, 3 times daily for 3 days. In the loading dose group, there was a significant decrease in the duration of coma (48%), and the parasite clearance times were reduced by 33%. This regimen has been safe and effective: it is recommended in Yaoundé.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Feasibility of mosquito control using insecticide-impregnated bednets in rural areas of Cameroon].

The feasibility of using impregnated bednets in a malaria control strategy has been evaluated in a rural area of Cameroon. The benefit is well perceived by the population in terms of protection against nuisance but not in terms of prevention of the disease. The correct use of bednets is, however, unsatisfactory. The material should be adapted to the various sleeping accommodations, and efforts for education and information directed towards the potential users should be intensified.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Proposals for a new therapeutic strategy for simple Plasmodium falciparum malaria attacks in Cameroon.

From simplified in vivo tests, authors set up a cartography of the sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to amino-4-quinolines in Cameroon; they also evaluated the clinical and parasitological efficacy of different therapeutic protocols which make use of amino-4-quinolines, quinine, mefloquine and halofantrine. All these drugs are administered orally. They recommend maintaining home medication with chloroquine at the dose of 25 mg/kg over 3 days, conserving quinine for use in the case of a possible failure. The use of most recent antimalarials can be proposed only as a last resort.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Malaria in Yaounde (Cameroon). Cost and antivectorial control at the family level].

In order to evaluate the financial charges of antivector control and disease at family level for "malaria disease" as perceived by Yaounde inhabitants, the authors carried out a transverse survey on a representative sample of populations derived from sampling surveys at different degrees. Malaria, so defined, represents a dominating endemic for which the yearly financial effort consented by each family amounts to 57,000 FCFA which represents medical care and entailed services as well as the purchase of chemicals for antivector control. The development of more efficient therapeutic behaviours and promotion of greater use of remanent insecticide impregnated bed nets comes in first in setting up training programmes aimed at health personnels and populations who are under their responsibility.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection in Gabon, Africa: comparison of the serological and PCR results.

A cluster sampling survey was performed in 1989 in Libreville, Gabon, to determine HTLV-I and HTLV-II prevalence and to compare the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serology in detecting HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections. A total of 322 sera from adults were tested by ELISA and by Western blot (WB). The WB patterns were interpreted according to WHO criteria and those of the manufacturer. PCR analysis using primer pairs in the gag and pol region, with a specific probe for HTLV-I and HTLV-II, was performed on the lymphocytes of the 322 adults. In addition, 134/322 samples were re-tested with tax primers, in a second laboratory. Using WHO criteria, 8/322 (2.5%) samples were positive on WB and 25 were indeterminate; with the criteria of the kit, 26/322 (8.1%) were positive and 7 were indeterminate by WB. By PCR, 13 (4%) samples were positive, including 12 for HTLV-I (3.7%) and one for HTLV-II (0.3%). All 8 seropositive samples (by the WHO criteria) were positive by PCR, as were 4 out of 25 indeterminate samples. Only one out of 289 seronegative samples was positive by PCR. In contrast, only 12/26 positive samples by the kit criteria were confirmed by PCR. These results confirm the relatively high HTLV-I/II seroprevalence observed in Gabon. HTLV-I infection is preponderant, but HTLV-II is also present. The WHO criteria for WB give a better fit with PCR results than the kit criteria for WB. In the absence of a specific confirmatory test and based on the uncommon "seronegative" HTLV-I/II infection, the indication for PCR appears limited to the positive WB samples (to differentiate HTLV-I and II infection) and to the indeterminate WB samples.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1991

[Absence of epidemiologic interrelations between retroviral infection by HIV and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT)].

Authors are reporting results from 3 control-case surveys carried out in sleeping sickness foci in Cameroon, Central African Republic and Congo. HIV seroprevalence rates are comparable among sleeping sickness patients and trypanonegative control persons. These results lead towards the absence of inter-relationships between sleeping sickness and retroviral infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Original method for total edentulous rehabilitation based on Ludwigs technique. 3. Final impression and functional record of intermaxillary relations].

In the technique described, the search for the peripheral joint and the final impressions are really functional and rely on adapted silicone impression materials. The vertical dimension is investigated physiologically (speech/swallowing). The recording of the centric relation is confirmed graphically with a centric pin. Thus, the patient transcribes his "occlusal signature" and provides both the practitioner and the dental technician with precise data for the mounting of denture teeth.

Dental Impression Materials↗
PubMed1991

[An original rehabilitation method for the totally edentulous based on Ludwig's technique. 4. Articulator transfer. Mounting of artificial teeth].

Balanced occlusion is the occlusal concept used in full dentures. In this article, which describes the technique for mounting teeth according to LUDWIGS, the authors present a very typical equipment (guide punch, tooth guide, positioning and mounting plates...). This provides the dental technician with all the possibilities to create occlusal curves which are individualised for each case in order to achieve a balanced and rational mounting of artificial teeth.

Dental Articulators↗