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Biomedical subjects

J P Neau

Publications and source records attributed to J P Neau.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis. Prognostic value of the combined study of the blink reflex with stimulation of the facial nerve. 91 cases].

The blink reflex and stimulodetection of the facial nerve was studied during the first ten days, the 30th and 60th day and at the end of the sixth month in 91 patients with Bell's palsy. In patients with present R1 during the first ten days, there was a remarkable tendency towards a satisfactory recovery without complications. On the contrary using this single test, it is impossible to determine with 100% accuracy, which Bell's palsy will have an unsatisfactory recovery with severe dysfunction. The blink reflex seems to be a useful test for predicting the prognosis in an early stage of the paralysis. The association of the blink reflex and stimulodetection of the facial nerve allows to evaluate the risk of sequelae by the means of different electrophysiological patterns.

Blinking↗
PubMed1992

[Cognitive evoked potentials and HIV infection].

Endogenous event-related potentials (and especially the P300 component) have delayed latencies relative to normal controls in patients with dementias of diverse aetiologies. Moreover, the subcortical varieties of dementia tend to affect also the early-stage N1 and P2 components whereas both types of dementias affect the later-stage N2 and P3 components. However it has become obvious that patients with HIV infection are susceptible to develop progressive, AIDS-related dementia, renamed 'HIV encephalopathy' by the Center for Disease Control. Several studies have shown that endogenous, but also early, components of long latency auditory evoked potentials are prolonged in latency in HIV-demented patients. However, these changes may also be present in class II and III patients and may permit the early recognition of HIV encephalopathy.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1992

[Comparative study by computerized EEG of dementia of the ALzheimer type and Parkinson's disease with dementia].

A computerized EEG (cEEG) study was performed in two groups of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and with Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD). Compared to control subjects suffering from Parkinson's disease without dementia, both groups demonstrated similar slowing down of background activity. However, there were more low frequency components, defined as between 2.5-7 Hz, and less topographical differentiation in PDD than in DAT. Furthermore, more severe impairment of cognitive functions was observed in DAT, but their psychometric score correlated with slowing down of EEG only in DMP. These observations emphasize the influence of the subcortical/cortical axis both in dementia of Parkinson's disease and in the neurophysiology of the EEG.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Neurological toxicity of amiodarone. 5 case reports].

Five patients developed neurological adverse effects as they were treated with amiodarone for 2 to 18 months. The daily maintenance dose did not exceed 400 mg. The neurological manifestations included tremor, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, dyskinesia, myoclonic jerks, extrapyramidal hypertony, and altered mental status. These side effects resolved within 3 days to 3 months after amiodarone withdrawal. Advanced age, renal failure, diabetes mellitus, and alcoholism seemed to be risk factors for development of amiodarone neurotoxicity. Both peripheral and central nervous systems are involved in these amiodarone-induced complications.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of the blink reflex in the Wallenberg syndrome].

The blink reflex was studied in 38 cases with lateral medullary lesions (Wallenberg syndrome). Twenty-one blink reflexes were abnormal. The most common abnormality is an afferent delay in the late reflex on the side of the lesion with a normal early reflex. This abnormality is not pathognomonic of the Wallenberg syndrome. The physiopathogeny is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Central neurologic forms of Waldenström's disease. Bing-Neel syndrome. 3 cases].

Three cases of central nervous system involvement in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (Bing Neel's syndrome) are reported. Such cases are unusual and have a poor prognosis. One patient received chemotherapy including BCNU, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, melphalan and prednisolone, which was followed by a dramatic improvement. The pathogenesis of Bing Neel's syndrome is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Cognitive evoked potentials at the stages II and III of human immunodeficiency virus infection].

Neuropsychological and psychometric investigations have sometimes attested to and sometimes denied the existence of cognitive perturbations during the early phases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (stages II and III of the CDC classification): strictly asymptomatic seropositivity or generalized lymphadenopathy. Therein lies the basis of the debate concerning the neurotropism of the virus and its deleterious effects on the central nervous system (CNS). We hoped to contribute to the resolution of this discussion by recording late evoked auditory potentials, which are composed of two types of components: exogenous responses attesting to the reception of stimuli by specific sensory areas of the CNS, regardless of their informative value for the subject; and endogenous responses that occur later, appearing when the subject is required to distinguish between different stimuli, for example, counting high-pitched sounds randomly distributed among low-pitched ones. The latter responses, which have been most extensively studied for wave P300, are associated with cognitive functions, and alterations of the evoked cognitive potentials have been observed during the course of demential syndromes of various origins. Fifteen individuals were subjected to the protocol for recording long-latency, evoked auditory potentials. These studies were completed by a battery of psychometric tests, two methods for evaluating depression and an assessment of the anxiety level. The results showed a significant lengthening of the latency of wave P300 in the seropositive subjects. This prolongation also affected one of the exogenous components, i.e., wave P2. In addition, their intelligence quotients, regardless of whether the IQ explores the so-called crystallized component or the fluid component of intelligence, were not significantly different from those of the general population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Parkinson disease and cognitive evoked potentials].

Long latency auditory evoked potentials were recorded in 50 patients with Parkinson's disease, some case were also investigated by the Rapid Evaluation of Cognitive Functions test (RECF) and Trail Making A test (TMA). Latencies of P2, N2 and P300 waves were longer in the parkinsonian group than in a control group matched for age. Latencies of N2 and P300 waves were correlated significantly with scores for RECF and TMA presumed to be sensitive to organic brain lesions. On the other hand no significant correlation was found between RECF and P1 and P2 latencies. In addition, correlation was lacking between Verbal Automatism test scores, presumed to be resistant to organic brain lesions, and P300 wave latencies. Cognitive evoked potential (CEP) latency increases with age in normal subjects. In the parkinsonian group the coefficient of correlation between these two factors was lower but still significant. The parkinsonian patients with dementia as defined by DSM III criteria, or an RECF score of less than 46, showed longer N2 and P300 latencies but no significant difference in N1 and P2 latencies. In contrast, comparison of P300 and N2 wave latencies in depressed and non-depressed parkinsonian patients failed to show any significant difference. The bilateral akinetic forms had marked lengthening of P300 wave latencies and a lower TMA score. Neither the duration of the disease, type of treatment, duration of L-Dopa therapy significantly influenced the latency of cognitive event-related potentials.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

[Cholinergic crisis in a patient with myasthenia treated by plasma exchange and anticholinesterase agents].

A patient with myasthenia receiving treatment with anticholinesterase agents and plasma exchanges for an acute episode, developed three successive periods of neurological deterioration during which plasma cholinesterase levels were determined. The risk of onset of a cholinergic crisis under these circumstances has been reported in the literature but not documented. The accidents in the present case were related to cumulative overdose effects of anticholinesterase agents and depletion of cholinesterase, suggesting caution in the use of anticholinesterase agents when frequent plasma exchanges are being carried out in a patient with myasthenia.

Ambenonium Chloride↗
PubMed1987

[European aspects of Lyme disease. 8 cases].

A case of meningo-radiculitis consecutive to tick bite with isolation, for the first time in France, of a Borrelia burgdorferi strain prompted us to review the records of patients admitted to our hospital department with Lyme disease. Meningo-radiculitis was the predominant feature of the clinical syndrome. It seems to be one of the usual forms of Lyme disease in Europe.

Adult↗