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J P Olives

Publications and source records attributed to J P Olives.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Incidence of symptomatic celiac disease in French children].

OBJECTIVE: The study was carried out by the GFHGNP to determine the annual incidence of symptomatic celiac disease in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The diagnostic criteria were: symptomatic patients diagnosed under 15 years of age during 1996, villous atrophy and positivity of antigliadin and/or other antibodies. Cases were collected from referral centers, general hospital pediatric departments and private pediatricians with endoscopic practice. RESULTS: The study involved roughly half of the French pediatric population in 41 out of the 95 French districts. In all, 124 patients were collected: 76 girls and 48 boys. By geographical areas, in 30 districts where collection of data was complete which counted 186,285 births, the yearly incidence varied from 1/1731 births to 1/3110. (0.57@1000 to 0.32@1000). On the whole there were 77 cases i.e. an annual incidence of 1/2419 or 0.41@1000 (confidence interval 95%: 0.32 to 0.50@1000). Lower incidences were observed in the district of Paris: 1/4865 (0.21@1000) and Lyon: 1/3310 (0.27@1000). Those lower incidences could be explained by the difficulties of collecting the data in the biggest urban areas. The first signs occurred before one year of age in 73% of the cases, during the second year of life in 20.5% and after 3 in only 6.5%. The diagnosis was made before 2 years of age in 77% of the cases and after 3 in only 13%. In order of frequency symptoms were: failure to thrive (80%), diarrhea (59%), anorexia (59%), abdominal distension (57%), weight under 2 standard deviations (43%), short stature (43%). CONCLUSION: Compared with previous studies in two French districts between 1975 and 1990, the annual incidence of symptomatic celiac disease in children appears to be on the rise. The usual clinical signs continue to be observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy: which sedation?].

Through an analysis of the French experience of digestive endoscopists in adult patients and of their own 25 years practice of pediatric digestive endoscopy, the authors militate in favour of anesthetic sedation in order to reduce painfulness and to obtain better acceptation of these procedures by children and their parents.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed2001

[Chronic cough and gastroesophageal reflux in children].

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is one of the three most common causes of chronic cough in children, along with postnasal drip syndrome and asthma. There may be no gastrointestinal symptoms up to 50-75% of the time. GER plays a causative role in chronic cough, asthma without allergy and posterior laryngitis. GER most commonly provokes coughing by stimulating an esophageal-bronchial reflex and by irritating the lower respiratory tract by microaspiration. Twenty-four-hour pH monitoring of the distal esophagus is the most accurate diagnostic method for children with suspected GER and it helps to establish a temporal correlation between cough and GER. The first step of the treatment is the association of postural and dietetic measures and medications (prokinetics and antacids). The length of the treatment is a minimum of 3 months up to the age of walking. Surgical treatment must be reserved for the failure of medical treatment. The benefits of minimally invasive surgery are evident in children with chronic cough, who have a faster recovery with fewer complication than after open surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Efficacy and tolerability of racecadotril in acute diarrhea in children.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Oral rehydration therapy is the only treatment recommended by the World Health Organization in acute diarrhea in children. Antisecretory drugs available could not be used because of their side effects, except for racecadotril, which is efficient in acute diarrhea in adults. METHODS: The efficacy and tolerability of racecadotril (1.5 mg/kg administered orally 3 times daily) as adjuvant therapy to oral rehydration were compared with those of placebo in 172 infants aged 3 months to 4 years (mean age, 12.8 months) who had acute diarrhea. The treatment groups were comparable in terms of age, duration of diarrhea, number of stools, and causative microorganism at inclusion. RESULTS: During the first 48 hours of treatment, patients receiving racecadotril had a significantly lower stool output (grams per hour) than those receiving placebo. The 95% confidence interval was 43%-88% for the full data set (n = 166; P = 0.009) and 33%-75% for the per-protocol population (n = 116; P = 0.001). There was no difference between treatments depending on rotavirus status. Significant differences between treatment groups were also found after 24 hours of treatment: full data set (n = 167; P = 0.026) and per-protocol population (n = 121; P = 0.015). Tolerability was good in both groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the efficacy (up to 50% reduction in stool output) and tolerability of racecadotril as adjuvant therapy to oral rehydration solution in the treatment of severe diarrhea in infants and children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Food allergies and intolerances in children].

Allergies and food intolerance together comprise the manifestations of "adverse food reaction". The best known and most common are: allergy to cow's milk proteins (prevalence 0.5% to 7.5%), intolerance to lactose (prevalence after weaning 5 to 100%) and gluten intolerance (prevalence 0.5%). Treatment of these conditions is based on management of the diet by exclusion (or reduction) of the responsible food or antigen.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1997

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in children with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence and diagnostic value.

BACKGROUND: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), particularly perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA), have been found more frequently in sera from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) than in sera from Crohn's disease (CD) or unclassified enterocolitis (UE) patients. This 2-center study examined sera from 102 pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to evaluate their diagnostic value and assess their relationship with disease features, distribution, activity and treatment. METHODS: The serum ANCA of 102 children with IBD were measured: 33 UC, 64 CD and 5 UE with various disease locations and degrees of activity. The mean age at the onset of symptoms was 10.7 years (1 to 16.3 years). Sera from 26 unaffected first degree relatives and 20 children without IBD were also investigated. ANCA were detected using indirect immunofluorescence of ethanol-fixed granulocytes. RESULTS: There were ANCA in the sera of 24/33 children with UC (73%), 9/64 with CD (14%) and 4/5 with UE (80%). p-ANCA were more frequent than cytoplasmic-ANCA in positive sera: UC = 67%, CD = 57% and UE = 75%. The presence of ANCA was 73% sensitive and 81% specific for a diagnosis of UC, compared to other IBD (p < 0.001). Three children with proved sclerosing cholangitis associated with UC were all positive. There was no link between ANCA-positive sera and disease activity, or other endoscopic or clinical criteria. ANCA were detected in 4/26 first degree relatives (15%) and in 1/20 control subjects (5%). CONCLUSIONS: Because of their sensitivity and specificity, ANCA may be helpful in the clinical assessment of patients with IBD, and especially those with UC. However, there is no link between the pressure of p-ANCA and the site of UC or its activity, so that it cannot be used to monitor medical treatment or surgical indications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Sleeping position, prevention of sudden death syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux].

Based on results of epidemiological studies, dorsal or lateral sleeping positions are now recommanded in the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This raises an ethical question about the attitude towards the ventral positioning therapy for gastroesophageal reflux (GOR). The consensus conference considers that the ventral position should only be recommanded in GOR when the benefit appears to outweigh the risk of SIDS that it induces. The conference proposes that for infants with simple uncomplicated reflux, sleeping in the prone position should not be introduced in the first line treatment. Prone positioning should be restricted to complicated cases resistant to dietary and medical measures.

Gastroesophageal Reflux↗
PubMed1995

[Milk feeding of infants and cow's milk protein hypersensitivity].

BACKGROUND: Cow milk protein intolerance (CMPI) is characterized by a wide range of symptoms and signs affecting the gastro-intestinal tract, the respiratory system and the skin. A better definition, a stricter application of diagnostic criteria and critical evaluation of certain immunologic correlates can contribute to a better understanding and preventive treatment of this entity. POPULATION AND METHODS: Two hundred-seventeen infants with CMPI seen between January 1980 and December 1993 were included in the study. They were classified into two groups: 1) acute reaginic CMPI (type I): 125 infants and 2) CMP enteropathy or colitis (type III or IV): 92 infants, according to classical diagnostic criteria. Careful investigation concerning the type of milk feeding (breast or artificial) proposed prior to clinical manifestations was performed. RESULTS: Among the 125 infants (aged 3 to 20 weeks) with acute reaginic CMPI, 121 (97%) had been breast-fed with a sudden weaning; 30 of these infants had also received one to three formula bottles during the first 3 days of life and 14 certainly had not received such formula bottles. Among the 92 infants with CMPI, type III or IV, 33 (38%) had been exclusively breast-fed, a figure quite similar to the breast feeding incidence in our region. CONCLUSIONS: These results clearly show the importance of breast-feeding in the personal history of CMPI. Acute reaginic type of CMPI is favored by early ingestion of formula bottles in breast-fed infants and by early sudden weaning. Hypoallergenic formula in five cases was unable to protect infants against further allergic manifestation.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1994

[Antigliadin, antireticulin, antiendomysium antibodies: value in the diagnosis and follow-up of celiac disease in children].

In recent years, the clinical spectrum of coeliac disease has changed and forms with mild aspecific symptoms are today frequent. Therefore many infants are submitted to jejunal biopsy in order to exclude coeliac disease or to allow an early diagnosis. This has led to a search for a simple and reliable diagnostic test of coeliac disease in order to limit the use of jejunal biopsy. Recent data suggest that the study of serum antigliadin, antireticulin and antiendomysium antibodies may possibly play the role. In this paper the working group on coeliac disease of the Groupe Francophone de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Pédiatriques expresses its view on the place of the dosages of these antibodies in the diagnosis and follow up procedures of coeliac disease in infants and children. At the present time, although it allows a simplification of the procedures, these dosages are presently not sufficiently reliable to serve as a substitute of jejunal biopsy.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1994

[Acute hepatopathy compatible with Reye's syndrome in 3 children treated by chemotherapy].

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy for malignant diseases sometimes leads to hepatic toxicity. Reye's syndrome has not been described in such a situation. CASE REPORTS: Three children, 4, 5 and 6 years-old, were treated for lymphoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia. They were given polychemotherapy including drugs that were not potentially hepatotoxic. During remission, they suddenly developed manifestations such as neurologic disturbances, hepatomegaly, increased activity of liver enzymes, and microvesicular steatosis. These disturbances were consistent with the diagnostic criteria for Reye's syndrome recommended by the Centers for Disease Control. Factors such as viral infection, salicylate administration, primary metabolic disorder were not present. One child died and the other two recovered completely. CONCLUSION: Patients given chemotherapy, even though the relationship between them remains to be determined, may develop manifestations compatible with a diagnosis of Reye's syndrome.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗