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Biomedical subjects

J P Raymond

Publications and source records attributed to J P Raymond.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Familial case with sequence variant in the testis-determining region associated with two sex phenotypes.

The human Y chromosome encodes a testis-determining factor (TDF) which is responsible for initiating male sex determination. Recently a region of the Y chromosome (SRY) was identified as part of the TDF gene. We have identified a three-generation family (N) in which all XY individuals have a single base-pair substitution resulting in a conservative amino acid change in the conserved domain of the SRY open reading frame. Three individuals are XY sex-reversed females, and two are XY males. Several models are proposed to explain association between a sequence variant in SRY and two sex phenotypes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Temporary ovarian failure in thyroid cancer patients after thyroid remnant ablation with radioactive iodine.

We studied ovarian function retrospectively in 66 women who had regular menstrual cycles before undergoing complete thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer and subsequent thyroid remnant ablation with 131I. Eighteen women developed temporary amenorrhea accompanied by increased serum gonadotropin concentrations during the first year after 131I therapy. No correlation was found between the radioactive iodine dose absorbed, thyroid uptake before treatment, oral contraceptive use, or thyroid autoimmunity. Only age was a determining factor, with the older women being the most affected. We conclude that radioiodine ablation therapy is followed by transient ovarian failure, especially in older women.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Potentiation of estradiol binding to human tissue proteins by unsaturated nonesterified fatty acids.

Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) have been recently shown in the rat to be involved in steroid hormone expression, having effects on plasma transport and intracellular activity. This study examines the influence of saturated and unsaturated NEFAs on estradiol (E2) binding to cytosol from human uterus, breast, and melanoma. Binding was analyzed after separation with dextran-coated charcoal or hydroxylapatite and by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Unsaturated NEFAs induced a 2- to 10-fold increase (P less than 0.001) in E2 binding to cytosol from normal, fibromatous, and neoplastic uteri, while saturated NEFAs had a slight inhibitory effect (P less than 0.05). Similar effects were seen with cytosol from metastatic melanoma lymph nodes and neoplastic breast tissues. By contrast, unsaturated NEFAs did not increase E2 binding to serum from these patients. Density gradient centrifugation indicated that the increased binding was associated with the proteins present in the 2- to 4 S region. Analysis of E2 metabolites in the presence of unsaturated NEFAs showed the formation of water-soluble derivatives. Seventy percent of these E2 derivatives were trichloracetic acid precipitable, suggesting a covalent link between the steroid and a protein. The existence of such water-soluble metabolites could be erroneously interpreted as a true binding to soluble cytoplasmic receptors.

Breast↗
PubMed1985

Follow-up of children born of bromocriptine-treated mothers.

A survey carried out in France at the beginning of 1984 concerning development of children born of mothers treated with bromocriptine (BC) during part or all of the pregnancy showed the absence of any adverse effects of BC in 64 children born from 53 mothers. In 60 cases, BC was prescribed (2.5-7.5 mg/day) for hyperprolactinemia; 23 mothers were treated with BC for 4 weeks or less, and 23 others for 30 weeks or more. After a follow-up of between 6 months and 9 years, all children are normal. Psychological development in the 23 children born to mothers treated with BC during more than 30 weeks of pregnancy actually appears more precocious, with excellent scholastic performance in the oldest.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Controlled prospective study of clinical and biological thyroid parameters in rheumatoid polyarthritis].

15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (14 women and 1 man aged between 30 and 75 years) were compared to a control group of 12 women and 1 man (aged between 22 and 77 years) admitted to the rheumatology unit at the same time for benign diseases. Both groups were examined for: the presence of a goitre, family history and/or clinical hormonal dysfunction, the plasma levels of total cholesterol, free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), before and 2 hours after 50 micrograms of thyrotropin IV, thyrostimulin half an hour before and one hour after thyrotropin and the levels of the antimicrosomal anti-thyroid antibodies and the anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. None of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis had any clinical hormonal dysfunction. However, 6 of the 15 patients presented a homogeneous goitre, 5 of these 6 patients had a family history of goitre and 2 had positive antibodies. In comparison with the control group, the 15 cases of rheumatoid arthritis had a significant decrease (m +/- sd) in the FT4 (13.20 +/- 2.50 pmol/l vs 15.60 +/- 2.47; p less than 0.02), FT3 (3.80 +/- 1.12 pmol/l vs 5.50 +/- 0.93; p less than 0.001) and a rise in the T3 with low thyrotropin (5.70 +/- 1.60 vs 8.50 +/- 1.50; p less than 0.001), while the levels of thyrostimulin and the thyrostimulin peak under thyrotropin were not modified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of an acute calcium load on plasma ACTH, cortisol, aldosterone and renin activity in man.

Plasma adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), cortisol and aldosterone increased during and after iv administration of calcium gluconate in 4 normal subjects, one patient with hypoparathyroidism and one patient with hypothyroidism. On the other hand, there was a decrease in plasma renin activity but only in the normal subjects. Plasma ACTH and cortisol responses to calcium were abolished whereas plasma aldosterone response persisted in 2 normal subjects pre-treated with dexamethasone. The results observed after calcium administration were compared to those observed after infusion of the solvent only in 6 normal subjects and 4 thyroidectomized patients who were studied twice at 3 day intervals. Plasma ACTH, cortisol and aldosterone were higher when calcium was administered. Plasma renin activity was not statistically different whether or not calcium had been injected in the subjects studied twice. These results demonstrate a direct effect of calcium on ACTH and aldosterone secretion which is not mediated by calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. The stimulatory effect of calcium on cortisol secretion depends on the increase in plasma ACTH.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1983

Continuous administration of bromocriptine in the prevention of neurological complications in pregnant women with prolactinomas.

Continuous bromocriptine treatment was given throughout pregnancy to 10 pregnant women with prolactinomas. The dosage of bromocriptine was modified to reduce the serum prolactin level to below 20 ng/ml. Eight patients had continuous bromocriptine treatment started early in their pregnancies, and no tumor-related neurological complications were observed. Continuous bromocriptine treatment was not started at the onset of pregnancy in two patients, and bitemporal hemianopia occurred (at 5 and 7 months of pregnancy). With the start of continuous bromocriptine treatment, a normalization of the visual fields rapidly ensued. The course of the pregnancies and the condition of the newborn infants at birth were normal. The subsequent mental and physical development of the newborn infants (observed up to the age of 6 years) was also normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effects of calcitonin on basal and thyrotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated prolactin secretion in man.

Plasma PRL fell in nine healthy subjects and four patients with hyperprolactinemia after iv administration of salmon calcitonin (CT). The maximum fall was observed 30--60 min after the infusion. There was no change in the plasma concentrations of the other anterior pituitary hormones tested (GH, FSH, LH, and TSH). In five healthy subjects, TRH was injected 60 min after the CT infusion. This protocol was repeated in the same subjects at 3-day intervals, except CT was not administered. Plasma PRL before TRH injection was clearly lower when CT had been administered. Plasma concentrations of the other anterior pituitary hormones did not change. PRL and TSH responses to TRH were markedly inhibited when CT had been previously infused. These observations are in agreement with preceeding studies showing a similar effect of CT on the plasma concentration of various other polypeptide hormones. This general effect of CT could be attributed to a change in intracellular calcium of the secreting cells.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

[Reversible lactic acidosis in a diabetic on high dose metformin (author's transl)].

In a diabetic, who took a high dose of 5.85 g metformin daily for 75 days, urinary retention caused by a prostatic adenoma induced functional renal insufficiency and hyperlactacidemia, rapidly reversed with treatment. Plasma and urine levels of metformin were measured at the same time as lactate and pyruvate levels, until all returned to normal. Clinical and biological improvement occured at the same time. The case is discussed in the context of lactic acidosis in diabetics with functional or organic renal insufficiency, treated with metformin.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

Plasma testosterone and the diagnosis of panhypopituitarism in women.

Plasma testosterone was shown to be a very sensitive index of panhypopituitarism in women. In 18 women, testosterone levels were found to be 0.06 +/- 0.04 ng/ml (mean +/- SD; normal, 0.40 +/- 0.10 ng/ml). In all patients, the values were below 2 SD of testosterone levels found in normal women. Dihydrotestosterone concentrations were similarly modified. Such an important decrease in plasma testosterone was probably due to the additional effect produced by the functional suppression of both sources of testosterone precursors: the adrenals and the ovaries.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Oestrogen therapy of osteoporosis (author's transl)].

Twenty women with physiological (11) or post-operative (9) lack of oestrogen and progesterone developed progressively painful decalcifying osteosis. Improvement was obtained (after eliminating all contra-indications) by treatment with an oestrogen (17-bêta oestradiol-14 times) associated with a progesterone (14 times ) and increased calcium and phosphates (11 times). Clinical improvement was still present after a period varying from 6 to 36 months, with disappearance of the pain symptoms in 7 cases, and very great improvement in 9 cases. After 6 months of treatment there was also a significant reduction in the biological signs of bone resorption (blood phosphorus levels, calcium-creatinine ratio in morning urine specimens taken after fasting, total calcium in a 24-hour urine specimen). The improvement noted, both clinically and biologically, confirms the effect of oestrogens in reducing bone resorption, underlines their preventive and also curative action, and makes them suitable for use in decalcifying osteosis due to hormone lack, after eliminating all contra-indications and under strict regular supervision (breasts and endometrium).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of parathyroid hormone on plasma prolactin in man.

The iv infusion of parathyroid extract or the synthetic fragments of 1-34 bovine or human parathyroid hormone produced a rapid and marked increase of plasma PRL in normal subjects. The stimulation of the release of endogenous parathyroid hormone by administration of disodium EDTA also resulted in a parallel increase of plasma PRL. Parathyroid hormone did not act via plasma cAMP, as the plasma level reached by this nucleotide was too small to produce PRL release. The ingestion of L-dopa 2 h before parathyroid hormone infusion suppressed the PRL response, suggesting that dopamine and parathyroid hormone interact at a common site. As it has been recently shown that PRL stimulates the renal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, the present data suggest that the effect of parathyroid hormone on this synthesis may be due to the increase in plasma PRL.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Defective acute insulin secretion in diabetics. Differences between normal weight and obese subjects.

The acute insulin responses to intravenous glucose and tolbutamide were studied serially in middle aged subjects with a wide spectrum of glucose tolerance. Eighty were of normal weight, 102 frankly obese. In normal weight patients, insulin response to glucose, subnormal in chemical diabetes, was almost absent when fasting blood glucose was elevated. Tolbutamide evoked a normal response provided that the fasting blood glucose was lower than 125 mg/100 ml. The response decreased dramatically thereafter. In the obese the response decreased dramatically thereafter. In the obese the response to glucose was decreased in chemical diabetics compared to non-diabetics, but failed completely only when the fasting glycemia exceeded 200 mg/100 ml. The response to tolbutamide decreased only with fasting glycemia in excess of 200 mg/100 ml. When insulin responses were expressed relative to basal insulin values the differences between non diabetic obese and normal weight subjects disappeared but this was not true of the other categories. These findings demonstrate that the B-cell responses differ not only quantitatively but also in kind between normal weight and obese diabetics. Six cases of incipient juvenile diabetes (100 less than fasting blood glucose less than 125 mg/100 ml) showed no insulin response to glucose nor to tolbutamide in contrast to the comparable weight group of maturity onset diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Apolipoprotein abnormalities in low and very low density lipoproteins in a type V hyperlipemia (author's transl)].

Abnormalities in VLDL and LDL apolipoproteins have been observed in the serum of an 11 year old girl with a type V hyperlipoproteinemia (VLDL + chylomicrons). This was shown with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and also with two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. The LDL contain peptides which are not found in normal apo LDL. In the VLDL, heterogeneity of the lipopeptides is more marked that in normal VLDL, and there is an abnormal distribution of the apolipoproteins C or D.

Child↗