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J Pascual Calvet

Publications and source records attributed to J Pascual Calvet.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Crazy laughter: first manifestation of a pontine tumour].

Crazy laughter (< >) was first described in 1903 as a prodromic symptom of an ischemic stroke and was later associated with brain lesions having a different location and etiology. We describe the case of a patient with a poorly differenciated pulmonary carcinoma who presented a centropontine image consistent with metastasis, whose initial manifestation was involuntary, persistent and unmotivated laughter that preceded other clinical manifestations. We revised, on the one hand, previous cases described in the literature of pathological laughter in relationship to structural lesions, of vascular or neoplastic etiology, and, on the other, the nervous centers and pathways that control the laughter mechanism.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Vesico-sphincter dysfunction in 108 cases of multiple sclerosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study vesicosphincteric dysfunction in 108 patients with multiple sclerosis. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records of 108 patients with multiple sclerosis and analyzed those with voiding symptoms ascribable to multiple sclerosis. These patients underwent complete urodynamic assessment and complementary tests according to their symptoms. The Blaivas classification was used for the clinical classification of multiple sclerosis. RESULTS: 64 of the 108 patients presented voiding symptoms ascribable to multiple sclerosis (59.2%). The clinical features presented as episodes in 75% and were progressive in 25% of the cases. In 6% of the patients, the voiding symptoms were the first symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Urodynamic assessment showed detrusor hyperreflexia in 73% of the patients, hyporeflexia in 14%, and 13% showed normal urodynamics. All complications were infective; no patient showed upper urinary tract complications. CONCLUSIONS: Vesicosphincteric dysfunction in multiple sclerosis is frequent. Most of the patients present bladder hyperreflexia. The urological complications are usually infective. Involvement of the upper urinary tract is rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Bilateral intra-axial involvement of the common oculomotor nerve (III): 2 cases].

Bilateral palsy of the common ocular motornerve (III) was observed in two patients with an intra-axial lesion due ti hemorrhage in one and ischemia in the other. The lesions involved the cerebral peduncle in the periaqueductal region and the nuclear complex of the III in the first case. Bilateral infarct of the thalamus was seen in the second. Clinical manifestations were transitory except for the oculomotor impairment. In the first patient, oculomotricity was dissociated as intrinsic mortricity was spared. These exceptional cases demonstrate a syndrome with unique oculomotor expression resulting from intra-axial oculomotor lesions. Prognosis varies and is related to the ischemic or hemorrhagic nature of the causal lesion and its localization.

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PubMed1995

[Spontaneous remission of cervical epidural hematoma with pathological confirmation].

Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma (CEH) is a rare entity but one that can cause permanent neurologic deficit unless, it is widely believed, surgical evacuation is prompt. A diagnosis of CEH is confirmed by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Spontaneous remission is unusual, with only 7 such cases reported in the literature as of 1993. We present a case of CEH with clinical remission and confirmation by neuroimaging in a patient who died of an unrelated cause. We conclude that when neurologic deficit is incomplete and there are no signs of clinical progression after 48 h, surgical treatment should not be applied routinely.

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PubMed1991

[A descriptive study of 105 patients with cerebral metastasis].

BACKGROUND: To investigate the hospital frequency and natural history of patients with cerebral metastases (CM). METHODS: A retrospective study of patients seen because of CM from 1984 to 1989. They were identified from the discharge reports and the cancer registry (CR). Data of interest were taken from the clinical record and the CR. RESULTS: 105 patients were identified. Mean age was 60 years. There were 77 males. In 44 patients cancer past history was present, in 33 lung cancer was simultaneously diagnosed and in 28 there was no past cancer history and the primary neoplasm was not identified. CM were multiple in 49 patients. In 18 patients CM was single, with no extracerebral neoplasia. Craniotomy was carried out in 22 patients and 11 received postoperative radiotherapy. The probability of one-year survival in the operated and nonoperated group was 27% and 1.5%, respectively (27 +/- 20% and 1.5% +/- 1.5%; 95% confidence intervals). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of the diagnosis of CM is not negligible and its occurrence virtually always represents a fatal prognosis. About one half are caused by a lung cancer that may have clinically presented with CM. Poor general condition, multiple CM or extracerebral neoplastic disease prevent radical therapeutic intervention in nearly 80% of these patients. Survival with palliative therapy is shorter than that with surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-infective neurologic complications associated to heroin use].

The spectrum of neurological complications associated with heroin addiction has changed in the past six years because of the progressive knowledge of the neurological complications related to HIV infection. We reviewed 48 heroin addicts with neurological complications and 452 heroin overdose who were seen in the Emergency Unit of our hospital during 1988 and the publications since 1967. Regarding the overdose we present the results of a prospective study leading to determine the causes. We emphasize the relationship with the level of total morphine in serum, instead of conjugate morphine, and with the presence of high levels of benzodiazepines found in the plasma rather than an hypothetic hypersensitivity phenomenon. We resume the neurological complications related with heroin addiction: spongiform leukoencephalopathy, epileptic seizures, stroke, transverse myelopathy and neuromuscular complications such mononeuropathy, plexopathy, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, rhabdomyolysis, fibrosing myopathy, musculoskeletal syndrome and acute bacterial myopathy. Some of such complications (i.e. transverse myelitis, polyradiculoneuropathy, leucoencephalopathy) must rise the suspicion of an HIV infection. Likewise, in patients assisted for overdosage we believe it's necessary rule out myoglobinuria by means of CPK serum levels and detection of urine hematic pigments without red blood cels in the urine sediment, in order to prevent and treat the renal failure. We report the results of muscular biopsy found in the musculoskeletal syndrome, which are similar to those found in alcoholic myopathy. Finally, we describe the clinical and diagnostic aspects in an unusually neuromuscular complication: the acute bacterial myopathy.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed1989

[Primary meningeal and cerebral lymphoma. Study of a case with 8 years' follow-up].

A primary lymphoma involving the meninges of the frontobasal region, with focal cortical infiltration and prominent cerebral edema, was treated by surgery and radiotherapy. Eight years later the patient died of a recurrence. Morphological and immunohistochemical studies comparing the initial tumor with the recurrent lesion found similar histopathological features.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Crossed aphasia: description of a case].

We describe a new case of crossed aphasia in a right-handed patient with a right hemispheric lesion. A right-handed man, 76 year-old, developed a sudden left hemiparesis with sensitive impairment and mutism. He has neither family history of left handeness or ambidexterity or vascular risk factors. CT cerebral scan showed a large infarct of the middle cerebral artery on the right side, with haemorrhagic suffusion. Cerebral MRI and EEG-cartography confirmed the indemnity of the left hemisphere. Aphasia studies confirmed a mutism with spared verbal comprehension, but alexia was present. A year later, left hemiparesis was recovered but aphasia remained. Crossed aphasia is rarely seen. It is caused by a right hemispheric lesion in right-handed subjects. Fluency is most commonly impaired. At onset, mutism is the common symptom, which evolves to expressive aphasia. Several hypothesis have been raised about the possible mechanisms involved. The few number of PET or SPECT studies performed in these patients have disclosed extensive areas of hypometabolism in the right hemisphere, that exceed the size of the image observed with CT scan or MRI.

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