Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Pearce.
Liver biotin concentrations were substantially lower in 2 to 4-week old broilers than in similarly aged layer-type chicks. Liver biotin concentrations plateauxed at 3 weeks of age. No consistent effect of sex was observed on liver biotin concentrations. The results are discussed in terms of susceptibility to biotin deficiency and fatty liver and kidney syndrome.
Two experiments were carried out to determine whether administration of lactate to biotin-deficient chicks induced fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS). 2. The results suggest that increased serum lactate concentrations are a consequence of the syndrome rather than a contributory factor in its incidence. 3. The increase in liver lipids of birds affected by FLKS was not associated with an increase in the specific activity of the hepatic lipogenic enzyme acetyl CoA carboxylase accept when birds developed FLKS spontaneously in experiment 2. 4. Some biotin-deficient chicks did not show physical symptoms of deficiency although mean liver biotin concentrations were low (0.31 microgram/g liver).
A number of values education strategies have recently been developed for use in the classroom. The Shaver model described here incorporates a rational decision-making process based on basic moral values. That process involves identifying and clarifying values, value labeling and generalization, examining the possible consequences of value decision, recognizing and resolving value conflict, and forming qualified decisions. It is not, however, necessary to proceed through that exact sequence of steps. For example, values discussion may begin with the teacher helping a students to recognize a value conflict. From that point, the discussion may move the identification and labeling of values. Consequently, there is flexibility in how this model may be used in the classroom. This model is developed on the premise that people who use such a process in making decisions relating to social-ethnical issues enhance their functioning within a democratic society. It is suggested that people who utilize this process in relation to health issues can likewise enhance the effectiveness of their health-related decisions. Hopefully, there will be a yield of postive health behaviors.
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Varying degrees of biotin deficiency were induced by adding freeze-dried, raw egg white to the diet of broiler chicks. Aspects of liver metabolism were studied with reference to fatty liver and kidney syndrome. Mortality was low with 11.8 g egg white/kg diet, or less, but with 17.7 g/kg or more, mortality was very high. High mortality was observed with less than 0.33 microgram biotin/g liver. Associated with low concentrations of liver biotin were substantial increases in liver weight and lipid content in starved birds. The increased liver lipid content was not observed in birds fed ad libitum. The increased liver lipid content in biotin-deficient, starved birds was not reflected in the specific activities of hepatic lipogenic enzymes or hepatic lipogenesis in vivo measured by the incorporation of tritium from 3H-labelled water into liver lipid. Biotin deficiency affected the specific activities of the biotin-requiring enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl CoA carboxylase, differently; the latter was unaffected whereas the former decreased concomitantly with liver biotin concentration.
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We describe a fatal case of familial hemiplegic migraine. A transient respiratory arrest in this patient led to a persistent "vegetative state," culminating in death four months later. Neuropathological findings included deep microinfarcts in the basal ganglia and a remarkable sparing of brain-stem nuclei associated with the function of respiration.
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Parkinson's disease, 'paralysis agitans', is characterized by a number of abnormalities. A similar clinical picture may be symptomatic of other disturbances: these are briefly described and the differential diagnosis is discussed.
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Forty-eight hours after undergoing a successful right carotid endarectomy a patient complained of headache in and behind the right eye radiating to the temple and forehead. The onset of headache was sudden, and the pain was severe and throbbing. After three weeks of regular four- to eight-hour attacks each day the headaches gradually became less frequent. Two months after operation they had disappeared completely. Headache as a complication of endarterectomy is rare, but typically it is vascular and subsides spontaneously in one to six months. If a predisposition to migraine were a precipitating factor many more cases would be expected. No possible explanation for for headache after carotid prearterectomy can account adequately for its apparent rarity.
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