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Biomedical subjects

J Pellat

Publications and source records attributed to J Pellat.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Does O-methyl-dopa play a role in levodopa-induced dyskinesias?

Clinically scored levodopa-induced dyskinesias were correlated with plasma dopa and O-methyl-dopa levels determined every hour during one day in 30 Parkinsonian-treated patients. In patients treated with a combination of L-dopa and a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (PDI), those with dyskinesias have very high plasma O-methyl-dopa levels compared with those who have no dyskinesias. In contrast, no significantly different plasma dopa levels are found in these two subgroups of patients, leaving open the question of the possible involvement of such elevated plasma O-methyl-dopa levels in favouring dyskinesias.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Plasma O-methyldopa in levodopa-induced dyskinesias. A bioclinical investigation.

The peripheral metabolism of Dopa has been studied in correlation with the clinical occurrence of Leyodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson patients. Within the group of patients treated with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (PDI), the combination of all the plasma levels of O-Methyldopa from patients with dyskinesias shows significantly higher values than those from patients without dyskinesias. For Dopa itself, no significant differnece can be detected. Such high O-Methyldopa levels seem to be due to a progressive accumulation of this compound and not to a higher degree of formation. In contrast, no significantly different Dopa or O-Methyldopa levels are found within the group of patients treated with L-Dopa alone. These results are discussed in relation to some of the suspected mechanisms involved in Levodopa-induced dyskinesias.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Results of determination of plasma methoxydopa in parkinsonian patients with or without dyskinesia induced by L-Dopa].

Horary plasmatic dosages of Dopa and metabolites in 30 treated parkinsonian patients have shown that, within the group of patients treated with L-Dopa combined with an extracerebral decarboxylase inhibitor, highly significant by increased plasmatic O-methyl-dopa levels can be found in patients with dyskinesias compared with those without dyskinesias. On the contrary, in these two subgroups of patients, plasmatic Dopa levels are not significantly different. By comparing some favoured Dopa and O-methyl-dopa levels between these two subgroups of patients, it seems more likely, that the elevated plasmatic O-methyl-dopa levels are due to an progressive accumulation on of its compound than to an excessive formation from Dopa.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Obliterating parietal hemodissection or vertebro-basilar dissecting aneurysm].

The authors report the pathological and clinical findings of a dissecting aneursym of the basilar artery in a 32 year old man up till then in good health, who died two months later. The pathological study showed bilateral lesions of osteo-malacia in the neighborhood of the pons due to hemo-dissection affecting the right vertebral artery just before it enters the dura-mater, then its intra-cranial portion, the basilar trunk and the first part of the right posterior cerebral artery. The originality of this case resides in the finding of segmental stenosing panarteritis of the same right vertebral artery in the segment which precedes dissection. On this occasion, the authors carried out a review of the literature and considered a few comments on the etiology, the pathology, clinical findings and classification of this unusual disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Anatomoclinical and angiographic study of a case of disseminated thromboangiosis with predominant cerebral manifestations].

The authors describe the case of a patient of 22 with hypertension and livedo reticularis who, after presenting with a left brachial monoparesis became progressively demented over a period of five years and died at the age of 27 from a cerebro-meningeal haemorrhage. Angiographically, diffuse distal obliteration of the cerebral arteries was seen with deep networks of the moyamoya type involving the lenticulostriate arteries; similar changes were present in the upper left limb. Histopathological investigations showed obliterative thromboangiitis affecting not only the cerebrum, the brain stem and the cerebellum, but also the viscera. Analysis of this case and consideration of the theoretical possibilities leads the authors to urge that thromboangiosis together with its cerebral manifestations should be considered a nosological entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the central nervous system.

A case of primary rhabdomyosarcoma in the brain stem is described in an 8 year old girl. The clinical data showed a right side hemiplegia then a total paralysis of the left sixth cranial nerve and a paraplegia which became lethal in 3 months. The necrospy revealed a tumoral nodule in the left medulla oblongata and pons with diffuse subarachnoidal extension from the cranial nerves to the cauda equine roots. Histologically the tumor appeared to be polymorph with numerous rhabdomyoblasts which had a clear cross striation and which were sometimes less differentiated without any neuronal or glial elements. Perivascular tumoral cells and blood vessels were closely linked, the Virchow-Robin spaces were clearly involved. The electron microscopic study confirmed that the less differentiated cells were of a rhabdomyoblastic nature. A review of the litterature indicates that these malignant neoplasias are highly exceptional, and can be classified within the group of primary tumors of the neuraxis with muscular elements. The histogenetic origin of these tumors appears to be the ectomesenchyme of neural crests.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

[Sylvian stenosis with networks of the Moya-Moya type. Anatomo-clinical observation].

The authors report an angiographic observation, where a stenosis of the left middle cerebral artery, with Moya-Moya networks, is described. The anatomical study has shown an atresy of the middle cerebral artery, and has confirmed the hypothesis of a supplying role played by the Moya networks. Most of their anatomical findings are in agreement with a malformative aspect, which is speculated by the authors to be related to the failure, at the embryon level, of a good development of the middle cerebral artery; in this way, Moya might represent the remaining features of primitive plexiform networks. From this particular anatomical observation, the authors discuss some nosological problems and propose the hypothesis of several groups, which may be related to the moment when the stenosis is suspected to occur.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leptomeningeal cell line from multiple sclerosis with reverse transcriptase activity and viral particles.

A leptomeningeal cell line (clonal but not immortal) was isolated from lumbar-punctured cerebrospinal fluid in a patient with definite multiple sclerosis (MS). This cell line, named LM7, was characterized by immunocytochemical and ultrastructural analyses and was found to produce specific viral reverse transcriptase activity, whereas electron microscopy revealed the presence of viral particles. This patient had no antibodies against human T-leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I) or human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1, HIV-2). Moreover, monoclonal antibodies against HTLV-I and HIV-1 failed to recognize epitopes in induced LM7 cells. The possible relationship between MS and the virus present in LM7 cells is discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Frontal lobe dysfunction and depressive state: relation to endogenous character of depression].

A dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPF) in major depression is suggested by functional imagery and comparative neuropsychology. However, assessment of frontal lobe syndrome with DLPF-dependent tests led to controversial results. To clarify these findings, we administered 5 of these tests (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, Tower of Toronto, verbal fluency) to 16 major depressive subjects and their 16 controls, before and after 21 days of treatment. Furthermore, we tried to assess the prognostic value of frontal lobe dysfunction, and its relation with the endogenous or exogenous nature of the depression on the one hand, the severity of the depression on the other hand. Our results suggest that the presence of a frontal lobe syndrome (defined by impaired performances at 3 tests or more) is only noted in endogenous depression; after treatment, no impairment is detected. No correlation is found with the severity of the depression. Frontal lobe syndrome does not seem to indicate poorer prognosis for current depressive episode.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Capillary and cavernous hemangioma disclosed by painful amyotrophy of the thigh].

We report the case of an intramuscular cavernous and capillary hemangioma of the thigh revealed by pains evolving for 2 years and by an amyotrophy. After 21 months of investigation, the surgical excision and the histological examination only established the dia Thigh MRI. T1-weighted axial and sagittal sections with gadolinium infusion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Marchiafava-Bignami disease: development with flare-up].

Marchiafava-Bignami disease is a complication of chronic ethanol intoxication. The clinical course may be acute, rapidly leading to death, or marked by a progressive dementia. A form with favorable outcome is also described. During the evolution of chronic forms, acute worsenings are possible, with subsequent partial recovery. We report a clinico-radiological case, where a first episode was followed by a good outcome. After a second episode, 3 years later, the patient developed a dementia with predominant frontal lobe signs. This case suggests that, even after a favorable outcome, a long-term poor prognosis cannot be ruled out.

Alcoholism↗