Biomedical subjects

J Peregrin

Publications and source records attributed to J Peregrin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Contrast sensitivity in clinical practice.

We collected and evaluated the results of contrast sensitivity (CS) examination by means of Vistech chart with an arranged testing distance 208 and 420 cm covering spatial frequencies 1.15-27.25 cycles/degree (c/deg). Our test was comprised of normal population and patients with chronic renal insufficiency including the group of waiting patients, dialysed patients and dialysed patients after neuroretinopathy and also patients after kidney transplantation and those with Alport's syndrome. We gave our attention to the results of visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) examination in patients after surgery for detached retina, aphakic patients and patients with artephakia. We examined and evaluated CS in patients with intraocular hypertension. All patients reached the VA values 6/9-6/6. 1. The results of examination of 100 healthy persons of different age displayed significant differences in age groups covering all spatial frequencies between the groups 21-50, 51-60 and 61-80 years whereas in sets of higher age we registered differences in the region of medial spatial frequencies only. These data served us to create control groups in the individual partial groups. 2. Patients with chronic renal insufficiency have CS significantly lowered. These examinations suggest that there is a certain relation between renal and retinal functions and that the dialyzation treatment is not able as yet to compensate fully all changes evoked by renal insufficiency. A clear tendency to normalize CS after renal transplantation is suggestive of a certain reversibility of these changes. This is valid for transplant patients with a clear lens. If opacity of the posterior cortex of the lens occurs after a long-time cortisone treatment, a substantial fall in the CS curve is registered in all spatial frequencies in spite of the VA being 6/9-6/6. Patients with neuroretinopathy have CS always significantly disturbed. These changes are reversible although this reversibility is not complete. The new way of dialyzation treatment secures a relatively rapid normalisation of pathological changes in the fundus and repair of subjective functions. At the same time we came to the conclusion that the prognostic outlooks of these patients have become distinctly better as far as their subjective visual functions are concerned. 3. Patients after surgery for detached retina displayed in all cases in the operated eye highly reduced CS in median and low spatial frequencies simultaneously with a statistically significantly lower threshold visual acuity and reduced slope of the acuity function in the diseased eye.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Urinary albumin excretion in patients with renovascular hypertension.

Twenty-four hour urinary excretion of albumin (UEalb), IgG and beta-2 microglobulin was investigated at a 3 hour-interval in a control group (C) of healthy subjects, in 30 patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH), and in 16 patients with essential hypertension (EH). Mean UEalb in RVH was significantly higher than in C. A significant direct correlation was demonstrated between diastolic blood pressure and UEalb (p < 0.01). Microalbuminuria (MA) > or = 30 micrograms.min-1 was found in about 18% of RVH patients; it was higher than 16.7 micrograms.min-1 in approx. 31%. These results did not substantially differ from those obtained in patients with EH. The cause for increased UEalb in hypertensive patients may be functional, haemodynamic changes, or structural ones. In either case, MA indicates renal injury, and these patients should be given increased attention when monitoring their blood pressure and when selecting antihypertensive drugs.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[A method for determining peroperative centering and monitoring the development of postoperative decentration of intraocular lenses].

After implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) Purkinje images 3 and 4 (Pi3 and Pi4) are clearer on the anterior and posterior surface of its optical part (subsequently only lens). Along with the corneal Pil this phenomenon was already used in clinical work for more accurate calculations of the degree of decentration and tilt of the lens in the eye. The authors describe a simplified method for assessment of the position of the lens by means of Pil, 3 and 4, using apparatuses with an approximately coaxial light. The method uses overlapping of Pi1, 3 and 4 in perfect centering of the lens in the axis of the eye (it is assessed by drawing a perpendicular line on the centre of the cornea) and marked dislocation of Pi3 in the direction of decentration of the planoconvex lens with the convexity facing the cornea. The inclination of the lens must be eliminated according to positions Pi1 and Pi4. The method is suitable for peroperative centering and for assessment of the direction and extent of decentration of these lenses. The authors discuss the possible use of this method also in biconvex and planoconvex lenses with the convexity facing the retina. In a group of 10 implanted planoconvex lenses the authors demonstrate the possibility of perfect peroperative centring of the lens and other applications of the method. Incorrect position of the IOL at the end of the operation, which can be one of the factors of later complications, did not change during the early postoperative period.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

[Determination of correction based on natural visual acuity in myopes].

The authors demonstrate the possibility to assess the correction in ametropes according to the value of their natural vision. To this end they use normalized optotype tables with Landolt rings which have a constant diminution coefficient between individual consecutive lines. By means of this elaborated method the authors were able to assess in twenty myopic subjects that a correction of -1.0 corresponds to an improvement by four lines, one line thus corresponds to a correction of -0.25 dioptres.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Contrast sensitivity and vision].

From results of the contrast sensitivity test (n = 65, r = 0.834) it is possible to estimate visual acuity with considerable provedes, however, in addition also information on vision at low contrast conditions and on vision of large objects. It may therefore be expected that in future the two-dimensional visuogram will replace in clinical practice the commonly used test used for assessment of visual acuity.

Contrast Sensitivity↗

PubMed1992

[Complete recovery of left ventricular function after myocardial infarct].

In a 27-year-old patient with an infarction of the anterior myocardial wall, significant from the haemodynamic aspect, a complex procedure is described by which in the course of four hours after the beginning of complaints normalization of the lumen and blood flow of the coronary artery supplying the infarction focus was achieved. The authors used thrombolytic intravenous treatment which involved infusion of 1.5 million u. of streptokinase (Streptase, Boehringer, Ingelheim) in the course of 45 mins., N-acetylcysteine 2.0 g i.v. (Broncholysin, Spofa) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. In the course of 16 days the left ventricular function recovered completely: the ejection fraction was 67% before the infarction, on the first day of infarction 45% and before discharge 64%.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Ocular changes in Alport's syndrome].

In a group of 17 patients with Alport's syndrome changes on the ocular fundus were detected in 35.3% without influence on the central visual acuity. At the same time a statistically significant reduction of sensitivity to contrast was proved. ERG examination revealed statistically significant changes in the a and b wave as regards steepness and in the b wave also as regards amplitude.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Visual acuity and color sensitivity in retinal detachment].

In patients with unilateral detachment of the retina after successful operation (buckling 3x, cerclage 3x, combined operation 4x), the visual acuity was assessed on Snellen optotypes or Landolt's ring chart. Optotype charts with rings were made according to recommendations of the commission for vision of the American Academy of Sciences. Snellen's visual acuity of healthy and affected eyes was 6/9-6/6. In all patients moreover sensitivity to contrast was examined assessed by means of a VISTESCH testing table. It was revealed that sensitivity for contrast in all operated eyes is significantly lower than in healthy eyes and that the threshold visual acuity and steepness of lines is significantly lower.

Color Perception↗

PubMed1991

[Assessment of vision using a computer].

1. The authors elaborated and tested a computer method for assessment of vision. This method is compatible with the basic procedure for assessment of vision and its variability. 2. The authors recommend to supplement values of vision by the parameter of line steepness. This parameter is independent on the value of vision and gives the number of normalized lines on which the number of correctly assessed optotypes declines from 95 to 5%.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Contrast sensitivity in aphakia and artiphakia].

Examination of the contrast sensitivity in aphakic eyes corrected by glasses and in artephakias provides information which cannot be obtained by measurement of visual acuity and is thus a suitable supplement of the basic test of visual functions. Contrast sensitivity declines significantly with advancing age. Contrast sensitivity of aphakic eyes corrected by glasses corresponds to values of contrast sensitivity of phakic eyes of the same age group. Artephakias with an iris clip lens have a contrast sensitivity reduced by cca one half as compared with a control group, while in artephakias with a posterior chamber lens there is a decline by one third, as compared with a control groups of the same median age.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Changes in the electroretinogram in diabetes mellitus].

The authors deal with the relationship between changes of components of the electroretinogram, i.e. their reduction, and the degree of affection of the retina in diabetes mellitus. The group of 145 examined subjects was divided into 5 sub-groups with regard to the severity of retinal affection, and electroretinographic examinations were made. For evaluation logistic functions and other statistical methods were used. From the results it was concluded that the validity of the relationship applies only to advanced affections of the retina, while in early cases this relationship is uncertain.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Oscillation potentials in diabetic retinopathy].

The authors give an account of hitherto assembled knowledge on the mode of induction, origin and basic characteristics of oscillation potentials of the human electroretinogram. They evaluate quantitative and qualitative changes of oscillation potentials in different diseases and retinal damage, in particular diabetic retinopathies. The authors deal also with possible clinical application of the follow-up of oscillation potentials.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗

PubMed1990

[Visual function in patients with neuroretinopathy on regular dialysis treatment].

Eight patients included in a regular dialyzation programme who developed neuroretinopathy were subjected to improved dialyzation treatment. It involved variation of sodium and variation of ultrafiltration. After regression of acute symptoms on the fundus in all patients a vision of 6/6 was achieved. Patients with neuroretinopathy have a markedly reduced contrast sensitivity. The latter increases considerably after absorption of the oedema, although it does not attain values recorded in healthy subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Long-term survival after palliative embolization of kidneys affected by tumors].

Based on their own experience and data in the literature, the authors recommend to use also in future palliative embolization of the kidney as part of comprehensive treatment of patients with inoperable tumours of the kidney. They describe their experience with a group of 20 patients. In one female patient after palliative embolization an unusually favourable effect was observed with macroscopic disappearance of the tumour and affection of the pleura, associated with prolonged survival.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Large arteries involvement in scleroderma--a case report.

The authors describe a thirty-nine-year-old woman patient presenting with progressive systemic sclerosis and an unusual angiographic picture of an impairment of large arteries, which in their opinion is due to the primary disease. The review literature reports about similar arterial involvement in scleroderma.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Eye-hand exercise: new variant in amblyopia management.

A total of 50 children with unilateral amblyopia was treated by short term 10 minute-lasting weekly occlusions of visually well eye. During the occlusion the child is providing the intensive detailed activities under patient's supervision. After an approximately half-a-year lasting interval, the "eye-hand" exercise resulted in the mean improvement of visual acuity for 2.44 normalised lines. The visual motor factor is involved in amblyopia treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Occurrence of neuroretinopathy in dialyzed patients.

In the last 11 years, the neuroretinopathy is reported to occur in 26 dialyzed patients, what represents 5.3% of all patients treated. During the last 4 years, the occurrence rate showed the decrease to 1.6%. The mentioned disease occurs most frequently by the first two years of treatment with dialysis. The averaged survival rate after the onset of neuroretinopathy is ranged as 19.4 mos. in 16 died patients. The disease occurred in 13 patients under the condition of normal diastolic pressure. Metabolic disorder characterized with high levels of serum nitrogenic substances may be further factor inducing the onset of neuroretinopathy backgrounded by cerebral oedema. Since neuroretinopathy consequentially worsens both the subjective (visual acuity, sensitivity to the contrast) and objective (electric activity) sight functions, the appropriate attempt is to be made in achieving rapidly retrogression of pathologic retinal changes by modification of dialysis process.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

The effect of ibustrin on early aortocoronary bypass patency.

Results of a randomized study designed to compare the effect of ASA and dipyridamole with that of Ibustrin on early patency of low-flow aortocoronary bypasses are presented. The study included 49 patients in whom at least one of the bypasses showed an intraoperative blood flow rate of 40 ml/min or less, i.e., reconstructions at highest risk of early thrombosis. Of 39 bypasses in the ASA and dipyridamole group, 11 (28.2%) were occluded and, in the Ibustrin group, eight (25.8%) out of 31 bypasses were found to be occluded on the angiogram performed 7-10 days postoperatively. There is no statistically significant difference in the patency rate between these two groups. Administration of Ibustrin was not associated with any side effects, and leads to the same improvement of early ACB patency as administration of ASA and dipyridamole.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗