Biomedical subjects

J Peyser

Publications and source records attributed to J Peyser.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1990

A randomized clinical trial of inpatient family intervention. V. Results for affective disorders.

This paper reports the results at follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of combining family intervention with drug treatment during hospitalization for patients with affective disorder. The results suggest that female bipolar patients and their families benefited from family intervention, whereas unipolar patients and families did not. Patient outcome was positively correlated with the achievement of the goals of family intervention.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Primary bronchopulmonary fibrosarcoma of childhood and adolescence: reassessment of a low-grade malignancy. Clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature.

In children, primary tumors of the lung constitute a unique subset of quasineoplastic and unequivocally neoplastic lesions whose benign or malignant potential is not always predictable on the basis of morphologic findings. One such neoplasm in the latter category is the primary bronchopulmonary fibrosarcoma (PBPF). This clinicopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study documents our experience with five PBPFs in newborns and children up to 11 years of age at diagnosis. The tumors were either endobronchial or intraparenchymal in location. A uniform population of interlacing bundles and sheets of densely arranged spindle cells with variable mitotic activity was observed microscopically in each case. Ultrastructurally, the cells had the features of fibroblasts and vimentin was the only immunohistochemical marker identified. Despite the disturbing pathologic findings, the four children with more than 1 year of follow-up have survived well 4 to 9 years after surgical resection. Our results are compared with the 21 cases of PBPF reported in the literature and the differential diagnosis is discussed.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗

PubMed1988

Inpatient family intervention: a randomized clinical trial. II. Results at hospital discharge.

Although family intervention is practiced in most psychiatric hospitals, to our knowledge, no adequately controlled studies of its efficacy exist. This study was designed to answer, in part, the question of the relative efficacy of hospitalization with family intervention as compared with hospitalization without family intervention for patients (1) with major psychiatric disorders, (2) in need of hospital treatment, and (3) for whom both treatments are judged clinically feasible. This article compares treatment results at the time of hospital discharge for 169 patients randomly assigned to the inpatient Family Intervention or comparison conditions. Inpatient Family Intervention had greater efficacy than the comparison treatment, mostly attributable to its effect on female patients, especially those patients (and their families) with affective disorder.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

A randomized clinical trial of inpatient family intervention, III: Effects at 6-month and 18-month follow-ups.

This paper focuses on the follow-up results of a randomized clinical trial of inpatient family intervention (IFI) that emphasized psychoeducation. Results for the sample of 169 psychiatric patients suggested that adding family treatment to standard hospital treatment was effective; however, the statistical interactions indicated that this therapeutic effect was restricted to female patients with schizophrenia or major affective disorder. The effect of family treatment on male patients with these diagnoses was minimal or slightly negative. In a group of patients with other diagnoses, the Treatment by Sex effect was reversed: male patients did better with the family treatment.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗

PubMed1985

A controlled evaluation of inpatient family intervention. I. Preliminary results of the six-month follow-up.

Although family intervention is practiced in most psychiatric hospitals, there are no adequately controlled studies of its efficacy. This study was designed to answer, in part, the following question: What is the relative efficacy of hospitalization with family intervention as compared with hospitalization without family intervention for patients with major psychiatric disorders who are in need of hospital treatment and for whom both treatments are judged clinically feasible? This is our first report, presenting preliminary data on six-month follow-up for the first three quarters of the total sample of 144 patients (80 with schizophrenic disorder and 64 with major affective disorder).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Development of a multihospital pharmacy quality assurance program.

Seven community hospitals have worked cooperatively for 18 months to develop an initial hospital pharmacy quality assurance program. Auditing criteria were developed for nine service areas corresponding to the model program developed by the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Current plans are to implement and modify this program as required at each participating hospital. Follow-up programs will also be essential to a functional, ongoing program, and these will be developed in the future.

Interinstitutional Relations↗

PubMed1980

Normal pulmonary vascular resistance and left ventricular hypertrophy in young infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: an echocardiographic and pathologic study.

To evaluate the cardiac anatomy and functional hemodynamics in young infants with chronic lung disease, nine patients, aged 2 to 7 months, with a clinical diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) underwent echocardiographic examination. All infants required supplemental O2 (mean FIO2 35%) to maintain adequate systemic oxygenation (Pao2 greater than 50 mm Hg). None of the infants had evidence of a patent ductus arteriosus at the time of examination. Echocardiographic measurements of left and right ventricular systolic time intervals revealed normal systolic time interval ratios suggesting pulmonary vascular resistances. However, echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy was found in eight of the nine infants, while right ventricular anterior wall thickness and right ventricular diastolic dimensions were not increased. Two infants died; marked left ventricular hypertrophy was noted at the time of postmortem examination while the right ventricular wall thickness was normal. The findings of left ventricular hypertrophy led to a retrospective review of autopsy material of seven patients who died with BPD over the past year. In six of seven cases examined, left ventricular posterior wall thickening was noted (range 7 to 11 mm); while the right ventricular wall thickness was normal (range 2 to 5 mm). These data suggest that (1) as assessed by echocardiography, the pulmonary vascular resistance is not significantly elevated in young infants with BPD, and (2) a hypertrophic left ventricle evolves which may assume importance in the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema in BPD, though the precise etiology remains undetermined.

Bronchial Diseases↗

PubMed1976

Sequential withdrawal of stimulant drugs and use of behavior therapy with two hyperactive boys.

The separate and combined effects of stimulant drugs, placebos, and behavior therapy were investigated with two hyperactive boys. In each case, sequential replacement of drugs (Ritalin and Dexedrine) with placebos demonstrated placebo effects of the drugs; behavior therapy, alone and in combination with drugs, was effective in controlling hyperactive behaviors. Implications in regard to drugs as treatment of choice are discussed.

Amphetamine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A randomized clinical trial of inpatient family intervention. IV. Followup results for subjects with schizophrenia.

This is the last of a series of four papers, here focussing on schizophrenia, which report followup data up to 18 months from a randomized clinical trial of a psychoeducational family intervention (IFI), which was added to medication and limited to the inpatient phase of treatment, after which post-hospital care was not controlled. Our data suggested that patients with poor prehospital functioning (i.e., the chronic patients) may benefit from inpatient family intervention, but this therapeutic effect appears to be limited to females and does not appear until 18 months postadmission. Families of patients with schizophrenia also show benefit from having received IFI, the effect is seen earlier than with the patients, and is associated with achieving the goals of IFI. The results in the IFI group could not be accounted for by improved post-hospital medication compliance, but they may be related to this group's greater tendency to obtain further family treatment after discharge.

Adult↗