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Biomedical subjects

J Piha

Publications and source records attributed to J Piha.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Predictors of outcome of short-term child psychiatric inpatient treatment.

In this study, 85 children were prospectively followed after discharge from short-term inpatient treatment. Outcome was defined as functioning within normal range at the follow-up or as improvement in the child's behavior problems. Rutter Parent's Questionnaire was used as a measure on admission and at the 5-month follow-up after discharge. The child's more frequent individual behavior problems, antisocial behavior and disengaged family interaction on admission predicted both functioning outside normal range and less improvement at follow-up. Previous treatment because of developmental or behavioral problems and hyperkinetic symptoms on admission predicted functioning outside normal range. Parent's previous psychiatric hospital treatment was negatively associated with improvement. Pure emotional disorder predicted normal range functioning at follow-up. The child's age, gender, place of treatment and length of short-term treatment were not related to outcome. The results also stress the importance of taking into account both parents' and teachers' evaluations on admission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Child psychiatric short-term inpatient treatment: CGAS as follow-up measure.

The present study reports the outcome and follow-up data of 50 children and pre-adolescents consecutively admitted to a short-term child psychiatric inpatient treatment programme. Children were evaluated with the CGAS on admission, at discharge, and at 5-month and one-year follow-up after discharge.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A short-term, family-oriented, child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient treatment program.

We describe a short-term inpatient treatment program whose purpose is to integrate the different interventions in the child, his or her family, and the outpatient professional network. The interaction between the family and the ward is the basic structural element of child psychiatric inpatient treatment. The child, the family, the professional outpatient network, and the ward community together form an extended therapeutic system. Inpatient treatment can be understood as a coevolving process between these systems. The essential feature in our working model is the continuous, daily nursing staff supervision and a focus on interactions in the extended therapeutic system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Prevalence, predisposing factors, and prognostic importance of postural hypotension.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and predisposing factors of postural hypotension and to evaluate the effect of postural hypotension on 10-year vascular mortality in an elderly population. METHODS: A random sample of 480 subjects aged 65 years or older was obtained in 1982. The participation rate of the subjects in the study was 72%, for a total of 347 subjects. Orthostatic testing and continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic recording, as well as comprehensive clinical evaluation, including medical history, physical examination, standard electrocardiography, chest radiography, blood pressure measurement, routine biochemical analysis, and determination of body mass index, were performed. In 1992, the 10-year mortality of subjects and causes of death were recorded from the mortality statistics. Of the participants, 184 (53%) had died and 163 were still alive. To determine the effect of postural hypotension on the 10-year mortality, the subjects who were alive and those who had died of vascular or nonvascular causes were compared. All of the examinations had been completed in 156 subjects who were still alive, in 109 subjects who had since died of vascular causes, and in 64 subjects who had died of nonvascular causes. RESULTS: An abnormal postural systolic blood pressure drop (-20 mm Hg or less) after standing for 3 minutes was demonstrated in 28.0% of subjects. There were no sex or age differences between the subjects with and without postural hypotension. No predisposing factors for postural hypotension other than elevated blood pressure were found. Chronic cardiovascular diseases, disability, body mass index, medication, and abnormal findings in ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring were not associated with postural hypotension. In the univariate analysis, the extent of systolic or mean blood pressure change predicted neither vascular nor nonvascular death during the 10-year follow-up. On the other hand, diastolic blood pressure drop, in particular after standing for 1 minute, was associated with increased vascular mortality (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 5.6). In the multivariate analysis, however, this association disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: Postural hypotension was common in an unselected elderly population. No predisposing factors for postural hypotension other than elevated blood pressure were found. The 10-year follow-up showed that postural diastolic, but not systolic, blood pressure drop predicted excess vascular mortality. However, this association disappeared in the multivariate analysis, thus being related to background factors such as cardiovascular diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Parent and teacher reports of problem behaviors in child psychiatric inpatients: cross-informant correlations on admission and at 5-month follow-up.

The present study compared parent and teacher evaluations of behavioral problems in a sample of school-age child psychiatric inpatients on admission and at 5-month follow-up. Both parents and teachers viewed changes in children's emotional/behavioral problems over the course of the follow-up period rather similarly. In general, parents and teachers viewed children's behavior as significantly improved relative to pretreatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Self-concept of Finnish children on the second grade of normal elementary school.

The study deals with the self-concept of healthy and disturbed pupils on the second grade of normal elementary school. The self-concept is defined as the cognitive and emotional concept of an individual about himself. The material consisted of 143 urban children (67 boys, 76 girls) and 241 rural children (116 boys, 125 girls). The instruments used were "I think I am" a childrens' self-estimation questionnaire of self-concept (by P. Ouvinen-Birgerstam) and Parent's Questionnaire A2 and Teacher's Questionnaire B2 (both by M. Rutter). The study was carried out as a point-prevalence study in April 1986. The boys had a highly significantly worse self-concept than the girls. There were no differences in self-concept between urban and rural children. The boys and girls who were estimated as psychically disturbed according to the ratings made by parents had a nearly significantly worse self-concept than the children who were estimated as healthy. There were no differences in the self-concept of boys and girls rated as disturbed or healthy by the teachers. The boys and girls rated as disturbed by parents had a worse self-concept than the boys and girls rated as disturbed by teachers. There were no differences in the self-concepts of disturbed boys and girls rated as hyperactive or non-hyperactive by parents and/or teachers.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Psychosocial coping in young adulthood of male child psychiatric outpatients: implications of early treatment.

The frequencies of new psychiatric diagnoses received during compulsory military service among a group of 534 former child psychiatric patients were studied with regard to the earlier clinic experience. The nature of the former patients' contact with the clinic was the strongest predictor of a subsequent diagnosis. Risk was lowest for those who had received a systematic course of therapy in childhood, and matched that of a control group of conscripts with no history of psychiatric contact.

Adolescent↗