PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Plas

Publications and source records attributed to J Plas.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Cranial nerve vascular compression syndromes and neurogenic hypertension].

The presented paper is a review of syndromes which till recently had an obscure cause and still have attributes such as "primary" or "essential". Their common denominator is vascular compression of the roots of the appropriate cephalic nerves. The syndromes include trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, some forms of tinnitus and vertigo, exceptionally toricollis. Vascular compression of the ventrolateral oblongata on the left leads to neurogenic hypertension. The author discusses the state of knowledge on the aetiology of syndromes, the clinical and laboratory research of which contributed some findings on the physiology and pathophysiology of the mentioned conditions. At the same time the authors present their own experience with the therapeutic method of syndromes--microvascular decompression.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed2003

[Surgical approach to the sphenoid sinus in microsurgery of hypophyseal tumors].

Currently there are three major surgical approaches into the sphenoid sinus during transsphenoidal microsurgery. The first approach is the sublabial incision with submucous resection along the nasal septum. It is particularly advantageous in patients with small nasal apertures, in pediatric patients, and for large tumors extending into the cavernous sinuses or into the clivus. The second approach, the transnasal submucous tunnel, is presently the most frequent technique used, although it provides the narrowest operation field. The third technique is the direct transnasal approach. This method is less destructive to structures in the nasal cavity and less time-consuming. In the period of 20 months the authors performed 81 transsphenoidal microsurgical operations in 44 women and 37 men. Visual field defect was the most frequent indication for surgery in 42 cases, followed by hormonal abnormality in 24 patients. The sublabial approach was used in 69 cases, the technique of transnasal submucous tunnel in 10 patients, and the direct transnasal approach in 2 cases. The authors encountered no short-term or long-term complications related to various surgical approaches to the sphenoid sinus.

Female↗
PubMed2002

[Surgical treatment of intervertebral disk herniation and spondylosis in degenerative diseases of the thoracic vertebrae--basic approach. Review of the literature and a group of 12 patients].

Prolapse of an intervertebral disc and neurologically important spondylosis of the thoracic vertebrae are not a frequent finding--in the wide spectrum of surgical treatment of degenerative diseases of the spine the numbers of operations in the thoracic section account only for a few percent. The authors give an account of 12 patients treated surgically during the 5-year period 1997-2001 at the Neurosurgical Department of the First Medical Faculty Charles University and Institute for Postgraduate Training in Prague-Stresovice. They describe the establishment of the neurological finding from the differential diagnostic aspect, the algorithm of radiological examination and selected treatment. In the group of surgically treated patients were two with spinal and radicular symptoms, 8 patients had only spinal and 2 patients had only root symptoms. Laminectomy was performed in one female patient, in 9 patients discectomy was performed from a transpedicular approach and in two patients discectomy from costotransversectomy. Complete normalization of clinical complaints was recorded in 2 patients, in 8 the condition improved and 2 patients did not improve. In 2 patients a revision was made and extension of the approach on account of persisting clinical complaints, in one patient after revision complete normalization of the clinical finding occurred, the second patient did not improve after revision. Selection and results of the surgical approach--in all instances different types of posterior approach were involved--are discussed. In the discussion also a brief review, indications and illustrations of posterior approaches are given. The discussion deals also with the advantages and disadvantages of the method as compared with the anterior approach or endoscopic technique. The authors emphasize the advantages of the microsurgical technique--the open posterior approach still holds an irreplaceable place in the spectrum of surgical therapeutic methods despite the onset of endoscopic methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Osteoblastoma in lumbar vertebral body.

We report a young man with low back pain suspected to have a disc protrusion. Imaging suggested a tumour of the dorsal portion of the fifth lumbar vertebral body. Operation suggested a giant-cell tumour and subsequent histology showed an osteoblastoma. All typical imaging features of osteoblastoma are demonstrated in this rather uncommon location. Contrast-enhancing bone-marrow oedema on MRI, with mild enhancement of the tumour, together with the CT appearances were the clues to the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Longitudinal fractures of the clivus].

The authors present a rare case of the longitudinal fracture of the clival complex. Patient in good clinical condition has had fracture of frontal bone, planum sphenoideale, hypophyseal bossa and longitudinal fracture oc clivus in medial plane. Trauma was associated with cerebrospinal fluid leakage. There was performed reconstruction of anterior fossa dura vater and sealing of sphenoid sinus by muscle grafting in two step operation. The only one postoperative complication was temporary diabetes insipidus.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Extra-hippocampal lesions and alteration of didactic knowledge (semantic explicit memory)].

Brain imaging showed extra-hippocampal temporal lesions in two patients with major disturbances of memory for academic knowledge including complete loss of professional knowledge and school learning especially regarding history, but sparing recent episodic memory in both cases and remote episodic memory in one of them. The antero-inferior and/or lateral regions of the temporal lobe could contain critical structures required to evoke and maintain memory of academic knowledge.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Initial increase of plasma serotonin: a biological predictor for the antidepressant response to clomipramine?

Hypofunction of the serotonin (5-HT) system might be involved in depression. Initial effects of the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor clomipramine (CMI) on plasma 5-HT have never been assessed. On Day 1, 27 depressed patients received either a 25-mg CMI slow infusion or a 25-mg CMI tablet in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy design. The daily dose was subsequently titrated up to 75 mg i.v. or 150 mg orally. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was rated on Days 1, 4, 7 and 14. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-EC) assays of plasma 5-HT, platelet 5-HT, and CMI were performed on Day 1 before and after the infusion. On Day 1, both groups experienced a mean (nonsignificant) plasma 5-HT increase; in the i.v. group this initial increase correlated with MADRS decrease over 14 days (r = 0.76, p = .0025). Correlations between platelet 5-HT and MADRS decrease were not significant. These preliminary data show that: i) CMI administration results in initial changes in plasma 5-HT; and ii) i.v. CMI-induced initial plasma 5-HT increase is consistent with the CMI 5-HT profile, and might predict the clinical response to CMI.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

[Diffuse axonal injuries and other closed injuries of the brain. Suggestions for a classification scheme].

The author presents a brief account of recent findings pertaining to different types of closed brain injuries. He supplements classical types of injuries by the concept of diffuse axonal injuries and brain swelling. The classification is based on diagnosis by the CT picture and clinical symptoms. The suggested schema of classification of different injuries alters Petit's classification of closed brain injuries.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1991

[Pick's disease. Anatomo-clinical point of view].

For historical reasons, Pick's disease is sometimes misunderstood in the medical literature. However, clinical signs are quite typical, and different from those of Alzheimer's disease. The disease is characterized by a circumscribed fronto-temporal atrophy, without senile lesions. Neuronal loss and ballooned neurons are present in the atrophic cortex. In about 30 p. 100 of cases, Pick's bodies are present, with various shapes, perhaps depending upon the duration of the disease process. Other lesions are described. The symptomatology is characterized by personality changes of the frontal type, associated with verbal and behavioural stereotypies, and bulimia. There is a striking normality of the EEG, and CT scan shows the fronto-temporal cortical atrophy and atrophy of the caudate nucleus. In most cases, memory for recent events is quite normal, but sometimes an amnestic syndrome is closely related with an unusually severe atrophy of the hippocampus. The consequences of atrophy of the caudate nucleus are debated, since extrapyramidal symptoms appear to be mild and late.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1989

Initial clinical experience with the use of subcutaneous GR43175 in treating acute migraine.

Subcutaneous GR43175 was examined in patients with acute migraine for efficacy, tolerability and safety in an open, controlled, dose-ranging study. Ten patients with acute, non-medicated, migraine (15 attacks) were assessed for severity of headache and associated symptoms (nausea, vomiting and photophobia). GR43175 plasma samples were monitored serially after dosing. Doses of 2 mg or 3 mg gave rapid relief of all migraine symptoms. Thirteen attacks (86%) had either resolved completely or improved to a mild non-migraine residual headache within 40 min. Treatment was well tolerated at all doses, the only adverse effects being transient pain on injection. Peak plasma concentrations were obtained within 10-20 min; a decline in plasma drug concentration did not result in a relapse in headache severity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Senile dyskinesias and tardive dyskinesias].

Correct recognition of spontaneous linguobucco-facial dyskinesia is at least of interest in that it enables accurate evaluation of the impact of neuroleptic medication on the occurrence of similar neurological disorders. Since 1963, first anecdotal evidence and then series of cases of spontaneous dyskinesia have been reported. This has enabled evaluation of the prevalence of these disorders in subjects aged over 60 to be determined as 10% whereas incidence is over 50% in subjects of the same age receiving neuroleptics. Nonetheless, a number of uncertainties persist. Epidemiological studies produce very variable results suggesting that the concept of tardive dyskinesia is not always adequately defined and that certain disorders of a different type are sometimes confused with that condition. Dyskinetic movements involve the face and trunk, like those of chorea, but do not share the latters' abrupt rapid and unpredictable nature. Dyskinetic movements on the contrary, tend toward a degree of reproducibility, if not stereotypy, in the manner of ballistic movements which may be distinguished by their rotary character and the fact that they are generally localized in one half of the body. Lastly dyskinetic movements frequently have the creeping appearance of athetoid movements from which they may be distinguished by case history. The various characteristics confer a highly specific appearance on dyskinetic movements which was well described by Sigwald back in 1959. It should be stressed that author, who had already studied bucco-lingual dyskinesia in epidemic encephalitis in 1953, discovered, with surprise, the existence of such disorders in an infectious context.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Dementia--a semantic definition.

The word 'dementia' has different meanings according to its literary, judicial or medical use. So it seems useful to recall the semantic definition in order to enable practitioners and researchers to use a common language avoiding any risk of misunderstanding. According to etymology, the word means 'loss of mind'. Its definition evolved in France from the time of Pinel, who named dementia all kinds of thought abolition, until one of the alienists of the late 19th century stated the present meaning of the word: a global, progressive and nonreversible impairment of the intellectual abilities. The DSM 3 criteria are not in perfect accordance with this definition, giving some precisions, perhaps not yet sufficient.

Dementia↗