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Biomedical subjects

J Pouget

Publications and source records attributed to J Pouget.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Muscular scanning in polyarthritis and rheumatology].

Atypical features were observed in 7 out of 120 cases of rheumatoid arthritis and in 3 out of 4 cases of polymyositis. A vermicular image was observed burrowing into the muscles, which head a "worm eaten" appearance. This series is too small to allow definitive conclusions, but this appearance is very different from the other features observed in muscular pathology such as myopathy or neurogenic amyotrophy. A "combed" appearance of the paravertebral muscles was also observed in 4 cases of rheumatoid pelvispondylitis. The authors also present several examples which illustrate the value of the CT scan in focal disease (lipomas, hydatid cysts, muscle angiomas).

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

[Rigid spine syndrome and its nosological borders. 2 cases].

The rigid spine syndrome is characterized clinically by rigidity due to deficient extensor muscles of the spine (chiefly cervical) and radiologically, by a normal spinal image. Electromyography demonstrates abnormalities suggestive of a myogenic process, and histology shows alterations of muscular fibres. From the case-records of two male patients aged 14 and 15 years respectively, a relationship could be established between various diseases having in common a rigid spine syndrome. These include congenital muscular dystrophias , sequelae of arthrogryposis, Emery - Dreifuss myopathy and myosclerosis .

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Peripheral neuropathy induced by amiodarone chlorhydrate. A clinicopathological study.

Four cases of amiodarone neuropathy are reported. Patients presented a sensorimotor neuropathy with distal predominance. Improvement occurred after drug discontinuation. Nerve conduction velocities were significantly decreased. Other secondary effects of amiodarone were noted in two cases. In one case serum levels of amiodarone and N-monodesethylamiodarone were evaluated during and after treatment. Pathological study of nerve with morphometric evaluation was performed. Axonal degeneration changes were predominant in 3 cases. Aspects of segmental demyelination and remyelination were noted in one case and related to secondary demyelination. Numerous lysosomal inclusions were present in Schwann cells, fibroblasts, capillary endothelial and perithelial cells and in perineural cells. Similar inclusions have been observed in other drug-induced lipidosis. The factors responsible for this neuropathy are unknown. In one case, amiodarone-induced hepatic failure might explain the persisting high serum levels of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Tendon areflexia in congenital myopathies accompanied by atrophy of type I fibers. Electrophysiologic study].

A predominance and/or an atrophy of type I fibers and a loss of deep tendon reflexes are often observed in different types of congenital myopathy. Various data indicate that both findings can be linked: dysfunction of the myotatic reflex can induce predominant involvement of type I fibers. In order to specify the mechanism of the loss of tendon reflex, an investigation of the Hoffmann reflex (H reflex) was performed in one case of centronuclear myopathy and in one case of congenital type fiber disproportion with type I hypertrophy. The Achilles tendon reflex was absent but the H reflex showed normal recruitment amplitude and latency. The Jendrassik maneuver reinforced the H reflex. These results indicate the involvement of muscle spindles or impairment of the fusimotor system. Nuclear bag intrafusal fibers have common characteristics with type I extrafusal fibers. Both types of fibers could be involved simultaneously in congenital myopathies, thus explaining the loss of tendon reflex.

Child↗
PubMed1984

[3 cases of scapulo-peroneal neurogenic amyotrophy (Dawidenkow's syndrome). Nosological situation in relation to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease].

Three cases of neuropathic scapulo-peroneal syndrome are reported. One case was of the hypertrophic type, two were of the neuronal type. The nosological situation of the Dawidenkow syndrome is discussed. Cases of scapulo-peroneal amyotrophy with peripheral neuropathy should be regarded as a topographical variety of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Association of polymyositis, myasthenia, and thymoma. A case and review of the literature].

We report the case of a 51 years old woman with myositis, myasthenia gravis and thymoma. First apparent sign is myositis in 1976 but chest X ray show a mediastinal opacity and the patient reports an intermittent diplopia since 1973. The evolution of myositis occurs in two bouts in 1976 and 1981, Myasthenia gravis restricted to diplopia from 1973 to 1979 grow worse first alone then in association with increase of myositis signs in 1981. The mediastinal opacity seen on chest X ray in 1976 don't change and is revealed to be a thymoma at operation in 1981. After thymoma ablation myasthenic and myositis signs decrease. This pathologic association is found 24 times in literature and involves "giant cells" in muscle biopsy in about 50 p. 100 of cases and a myocarditis also with "giant cells". Those "giant cells" unusual in common myositis appears to have a prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Quadriceps myopathy or amyotrophic quadriceps syndrome. Nosologic study apropos of 10 cases].

Quadricipital myopathies are often mentioned but have been described in only about 10 papers. Based on a review of the literature and 10 personal cases, the term "quadricipital amyotrophic syndrome" is proposed for a group of affections which can currently be divided into: 1) primary muscular dystrophies: pure quadricipital myopathy, quadricipital myopathy "plus", lumbopelvifemoral myopathy though it is doubtful whether the latter should be included; 2) metabolic muscular disorders; 3) chronic polymyositis localized to the quadriceps; 4) spinal amyotrophy localized to the quadriceps.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Myotonia with muscular weakness corrected by exercise. The therapeutic effect of mexiletine].

A case of generalized myotonia with autosomal recessive transmission related to Becker's type is reported. A muscular weakness improved by exercise was combined to myotonia. In addition to abundant myotonic discharges, electromyography showed alteration of the voluntary pattern during sustained contraction. The repetitive stimulation showed a marked decrement of the motor potential amplitude with high frequency stimulation. Carbamazepine (800 mg/day) and diphenylhydantoin (300 mg/day) were without effect while myotonia and muscular weakness were considerably and quickly improved by mexiletine (400 mg/day). Tests on ergometric bicycle allowed to quantify this improvement. The physiopathological mechanism of muscular weakness is considered as a depolarization block due to the cumulative depolarization which occurs during myotonic discharge. Most antimyotonic drugs belong to the group of local anesthetics. One of their characteristics is a blocking potency depending on the frequency of membrane activity. Their action is predominant on fibers with repetitive discharges; thus they block the myotonic discharge and prevent the membrane block due to cumulative depolarization. All local anesthetics do not have the same antimyotonic effect. The low molecular weight of mexiletine entails a faster time constant for the block recovery of the sodium channel. It follows that the drug block mainly depends on the frequency of membrane activity and this characteristic could explain the remarkable antimyotonic effect of mexiletine.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Peripheral nerve injury during venous puncture (author's transl)].

The authors report 7 cases of nerve injury during venous puncture for blood sample withdrawal or intravenous injection of infusion. pain unrelieved by the usual analgesic drugs and sensorimotor deficiency are regular features which regress more or less rapidly and completely. Although less common than nerve injuries consecutive to intramuscular injections, these complications deserve to be described in view of their therapeutic and legal consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of strict control of blood sugar by an artificial pancreas on nerve conduction velocity in diabetics].

This study concerned 13 patients with diabetes mellitus who, although under insulin therapy treatment, had poor control of their diabetes. Motor conduction velocity (MCV) in the peroneal, ulnar and median nerves, sensory conduction velocity (SVC) of the median nerve and sensory potential amplitude (SPA) of the median nerve were determined immediately before and after 24 h of strict control of blood glucose by an artificial pancreas. A significant increase in the MCV of the ulnar nerve (P less than 0.01) and in the SCV of the median nerve (P less than 0.05) was found. This acute improvement led us to presume that repair of anatomic lesions would be extremely unlikely. Only a metabolic disturbance due to hyperglycemia can be rapidly corrected. This metabolite alteration may be held partly responsible for the slowing of nerve conduction in diabetes. No significant difference was noted in the MCV of the peroneal nerve and of the median nerve and the SPA of the median nerve. This suggests that advanced degenerative lesions are present in these nerves particularly in the lower limbs. Such lesions cannot be rapidly reversed by metabolic control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Distal myopathies: critical study and report on one case (author's transl)].

Reservations exist as to the validity of the concept of distal myopathies, and confirmed cases of this affection have rarely been reported. A scandinavian patient with the probable familial type of the disorder was studied by electrophysiological and histological examinations. Clinical criteria and differential diagnosis of this variety of muscular dystrophy are discussed, and a critical review of cases reported in the literature as distal myopathies is conducted. Very few of them are able to stand up to this criticism.

Child↗