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Biomedical subjects

J Prignot

Publications and source records attributed to J Prignot.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Rifampim-combined chemotherapy in coal worker's pneumoconio-tuberculosis.

Results of a retrospective study of rifampin-combined chemotherapy in 59 coal miners with pneumoconio-tuberculosis are reported. In 43 patients pneumoconiosis had attained the stage of progressive massive fibrosis. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 78 months, except in 8 patients who died before the twenty-fourth month. Twenty-seven of the 59 patients were treated for the first time, and 32 were in retreatment. In none of them had rifampin been administered before. Although the objective was to administer rifampin in combination with one, 2, or even 3 companion drugs that had not been administered before and that had proved to be active on the patients' bacilli in vitro, this goal was fully reached only in the first treatment group; in 8 of the 32 retreated patients the drugs combined with rifampin were considered ineffective. The speed and rate of bacteriologic conversion were most impressive. Sputum conversion was obtained in 90 per cent of the patients; in the initial treatment group 100 per cent of the patients converted their sputum on culture at 5 months and in the retreatment group the corresponding figure was 84.4 per cent. These bacteriologic results are nearly as favorable as those obtained in cases of advanced pulmonary tuberculosis without pneumoconiosis treated with the same rifampin-containing drug regimens. It was concluded that rifampin-combined chemotherapy largely eliminates the handicap caused by the coexistence of tuberculosis and pneumoconiosis. Side effects due to rifampin were without practical significance. In 3 patients of 57 treated with ethambutol, visual impairment was observed. Mortality was high (27 per cent) but was caused by nontuberculous diseases, especially cardiorespiratory insufficiency. In 10 of the 16 patients who died, death occurred after bacteriologic conversion.

Coal Mining↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physician's involvement in the smoking cessation process of their patients. Results of a 1998 survey among 4,643 Belgian physicians.

This report relates to the 1,667 responses to a selfadministered mail-back questionnaire sent by BELTA to a sample of 4,643 physicians (17.3% current smokers) who are in professional contact with patients (response rate: 35.9%). Links between active smoking and disease are considered as well-demonstrated by 98.8% physicians and for passive smoking by 85.3%, for foetal consequences of smoking during pregnancy by 96.4%. Nicotine dependence is admitted by 83.3%. Interaction of smoking with drug metabolism is insufficiently known. Modulation of the specific approach of smoking cessation, according to the various stages of the cessation cycle, to the level of nicotine dependence and to the psychological status of the smoker is not sufficiently perceived by the physicians. Patient's smoking status is systematically determined by less than half the physicians, of whom nearly 90% claim to inform their smoking patients on smoking-related risks, and 84.2% to tackle the problem of cessation. The intervention is mostly limited to a firm advice, completed by nicotine replacement for a maximum of 50% of smokers (especially gum and patch). Referral to specialized structures is unfrequent (between 10 and 20%). Follow up after cessation is clearly deficient. In this retrospective study of their activity patterns, physicians' reports may reflect their intentions rather than their actual practices. We conclude that smoking issues and cessation techniques should be more intensively taught both at graduate and postgraduate levels, in order to obtain a more active behaviour of health professionals against smoking.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differential diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung disease, A statistical analysis of the discriminating power of various lung function tests (author's transl)].

Among 65 patients admitted to the hospital for chronic obstructive lung disease, the following pulmonary tests were systematically performed : spirometric vital capacity and total lung capacity, FEV1, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity measured by body plethysmography, airway resistance and specific conductance, CO diffusion capacity measured by single-breath test, N2 clearance by single breath oxygen dilution, and blood gases. The patients were divided into bronchitics, emphysematous and broncho-emphysematous, according to the clinical and radiological Nash's score, and to another personal score derived from the former. The simple and multiple correlations between the clinico-radiological score and the functional results are low. The clustering analysis groups the 65 patients into four clouds of points, around two principal axes : the volume axis and the overinflation axis. This study indicates that the most suggestive results for emphysema diagnosis are increased FRC and TLC and low Tlco/V'a. The clinical score is not dominant for the clustering of the patients into the dynamic clouds. Beneath the bronchitic, the broncho-emphysematous and the emphysematous groups, the clustering analysis individualizes a fourth group of cases characterized by chronic asthma, and which were not isolated by Nash's score.

Airway Resistance↗