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Biomedical subjects

J Q Benoliel

Publications and source records attributed to J Q Benoliel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Operationalizing the theory of planned behavior.

The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is an expectancy-value theory that provided a framework for the study of behavioral and normative beliefs affecting health behaviors. The purpose of this article is to describe operationalization of the TPB. The process of instrument development is explicated, with examples from two studies of BSE behavior in older women. Potential threats to reliability are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Measurement of stress in clinical nursing.

The Nurse Stress Checklist was developed to measure stress in clinical nursing as a multidimensional construct. The instrument was formulated within a transactional model of stress. The items were derived from five domains thought to contribute to nurse stress in clinical settings and were organized into a questionnaire. Holmes Schedule of Recent Events was included as a validity measure. The instrument was tested on 104 staff nurses working in three institutions in an urban community. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to the 74 items presented to subjects in Likert-type format. Five factors were derived and subjected to psychometric evaluation. Internal consistency reliability for the five factors was good, ranging from 0.80 to 0.91. Means and measures of dispersion supported the potential of the five subscales to discriminate among respondents on the attributes being measured. Intercorrelations of the factors provided evidence of the distinctiveness of the five components of stress, although factor loadings showed some overlap between Personal Reactions and Work Concerns and Work Concerns and Work Completion Concerns. Validity of the factors also was supported by correlations with Holmes' Schedule of Recent Events. Content validity was supported by comparison of these results with findings of other investigators. Limitations of the results are discussed, and recommendations for future work on the instrument are offered.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A randomized clinical trial of home nursing care for lung cancer patients.

A randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the effects of home nursing care for patients with progressive lung cancer. One hundred sixty-six patients were assigned to either an oncology home care group (OHC) that received care from oncology home care nurses, a standard home care group (SHC) that received care from regular home care nurses, or an office care group (OC) that received whatever care they needed except for home care. Patients were entered into the study 2 months after diagnosis and followed for 6 months. Patients were interviewed at 6-week intervals across five occasions. At the end of the study, there were no differences in pain, mood disturbance, and concerns among the three groups. There were significant differences in symptom distress, enforced social dependency, and health perceptions. The two home nursing care groups had less distress and greater independence 6 weeks longer than the office care group. In addition, the two home nursing care groups steadily reported worse health perceptions over time. Thus, it was remarkable that the office care group, which indicated more symptom distress and social dependency with time, also indicated perceptions of improved health with time. These results suggest that home nursing care assists patients with forestalling distress from symptoms and maintaining their independence longer in comparison to no home nursing care. Home care may also include assisting patients in acknowledging the reality of their situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Loss and terminal illness.

The experience of terminal illness can best be viewed as a situation of multiple losses involving the dying person, family members and friends, and the health care providers engaged in offering services to them. It is a major transition during which the central participants must cope with the personal meanings of the forthcoming death as well as other losses brought about by the disease process, medical treatments, and the need to provide care for the dying person. How families adapt to the stresses and changes imposed by the experience of living with dying depends on their previous experiences with death, their established patterns of communication about serious matters, and their decision-making practices. Some individuals and families are at greater risk than others for developing maladaptive responses and behaviors during and after the experience of terminal illness. Risk factors to be considered in making hypotheses about the potential for maladaptive reactions include the strength of the attachment to the dying person, uncontrollable and distressing symptoms, and coping limitations associated with age and other factors contributing to increased vulnerability to the demands of continuous change. Working effectively with different kinds of families during the transition of terminal illness can best be accomplished within a conceptual framework built upon knowledge about people undergoing change. The concept of safe conduct can serve as an overall guide for the creation of nursing services designed to offer personalized care and accessibility of professional help at times of maximum need by the family. Assisting dying patients and their families toward the achievement of their personal goals is fundamental to the idea of safe conduct. The delivery of nursing care in terminal illness requires an orientation to assessment as an ongoing process that makes use of knowledge about disease processes, medical treatments, individual and group adaptations to loss, risk factors suggestive of maladaptive responses, and family dynamics in relation to crisis and change. Although nurses bring expert knowledge about available treatments and resources, the process of assessment and decision-making about what needs to be done can be best accomplished through a process of contracting with the patient and family. These mutual agreements need to be concerned with the establishment of specific goals, plans for achieving them, available resources within the family, division of responsibility, time limits on the achievement of objectives, and mutual evaluation of the process and the outcomes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adaptation, Psychological↗