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Biomedical subjects

J R Colley

Publications and source records attributed to J R Colley.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Chronic cough in young adults in relation to smoking habits, childhood environment and chest illness.

A survey of the respiratory symptoms and smoking habits of a population of 20-year-olds- followed since birth- was repeated when they reached the age of 25. The association of cough prevalence with current smoking habits and with lower respiratory tract illness in childhood found in the survey at age 20 was confirmed and in each instance appears to have increased in strength over the 5 years. At age 25, however, the prevalence of cough was associated at a statistically significant level with fathers' occupation; and this association with social class of origin could not be explained by persisting differences in social status based on the educational levels attained by early adult life. The association with exposure to air pollution in childhood, although more obvious than before, could be due to chance. The prevalence of cough increased between the ages of 20 and 25 among those who smoked throughout or who started to smoke during this period. It declined for those who never smoked and for those who were smoking at 20 but had given up by 25. The implications of these changing patterns of respiratory disease behaviour at a crucial stage between adolescence and adult life are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Use of biochemical profile in children's hospital: results of two controlled trials.

Two controlled trials of the use of a biochemical profile were conducted in a childern's hospital to see whether the profile led to diagnoses which would not otherwise [have been made and to see what effect it had on the number of extra requests for pathololgical investigations and the length of stay in hospital]. Altogether 2816 children were examined and 13 new diagnoses made. There was a significant increases in the total number of pathorequests but the profile did not alter the length of stay in hospital. We conclude that the profile mad only a small contribtuion to the overall care of the pateints.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

The vulnerable child.

There is enough evidence from epidemiological studies of respiratory disease in children and young adults to justify testing various strategies for the identification of those children who are particularly vulnerable to respiratory disease. Such studies should be coupled with anti-smoking programmes carried out by those involved in the health education of schoolchildren and adults. The effects of this selective approach to the prevention or control of respiratory disease would require rigorous evaluation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1974

Respiratory symptoms in children and parental smoking and phlegm production.

A study of respiratory symptoms in 2,426 schoolchildren aged 6-14 years was carried out in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, in 1971. The prevalence of cough in the children was associated with the parents' smoking habits; prevalence was lowest where both parents were non-smokers, highest where both parents smoked, and lay between these two levels where only one parent smoked. A close association was found between parents' and children's respiratory symptoms that was independent of parents' smoking habits. There was no suggestion that exposure to the cigarette smoke generated when parents smoked had any more than a small effect upon the child's respiratory symptoms. While the sharing of genetic susceptibility between parents and children is a factor, therefore, cross infection, particularly in the families where parents smoke, is an important element in the association.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Respiratory disease in young adults: influence of early childhood lower respiratory tract illness, social class, air pollution, and smoking.

The prevalence of cough during the day or night in winter has been studied in 3,899 20-year-olds. These were members of a cohort born in England, Scotland, and Wales in the last week of March 1946. The prevalence of cough and current smoking habits have been related to events recorded during infancy and childhood-that is, exposure to air pollution, social class of father, and lower respiratory tract illness under 2 years of age. At age 20, of these factors cigarette smoking was found to have the greatest effect on symptom prevalence, followed by a history of a lower respiratory tract illness under 2 years of age. Social class and air pollution had little effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Urban and social origins of childhood bronchitis in England and Wales.

A survey of respiratory disease in over 10,000 children aged 6 to 10 years living in contrasting urban and rural areas of England and Wales showed pronounced social class gradient in the frequency of chronic cough, history of bronchitis, and also in disease of ears and nose. A consistent rise in the frequency of chest conditions with increasing local levels of air pollution was clearly seen only among the children of semi-skilled and unskilled workers. No such gradient was obvious for diseases of the ear and nose. These trends in chest disease in children paralleled similar trends in mortal and disabling bronchitis among adults in the same areas. The excess rate for bronchitis in children and adults found in South Wales could not be accounted for by local levels of air pollution.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Obesity in schoolchildren and their parents.

The height, weight and left triceps skinfold thickness of 2190 schoolchildren were measured and the heights and weights of their parents obtained from a postal questionnaire. Power-type obesity indices were used to correct weight for height in parents and children. Preliminary analysis of the distribution of obesity using arbitrarily chosen cut-off points to define the obese, normal and lean parent indicated the presence of a group of 'super-obese' families. The spline technique was used to analyse these data as continuous variables, and showed that the 'super-obese' group of families was too small to be of any practical importance. The relationship between obesity in parents and their children has also been investigated using the spline regression technique. The results show that the relationship is linear but that only 6% of the total variation of observed obesity in children is attributable to variation in the parents' reported obesity. However, a structural analysis indicates a direct relationship between obesity of parents and children. This is obscured in the regression analysis by the large within-subject variability of observed obesity in both parents and children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory function of infants in relation to subsequent respiratory disease: an epidemiological study.

Crying ventilatory function was measured in 487 infants shortly after birth. Over the following five years 129 infants suffered attacks of pneumonia or bronchitis. Their initial crying ventilatory function was compared with that of the 358 infants who escaped these illnesses. No statistically significant differences were found in crying ventilatory function between these two groups of infants. This has been interpreted as indicating that newborn infants who subsequently suffer attacks of pneumonia or bronchitis do not start life with deficits in their ventilatory function. In the same study crying ventilatory function was measured in 550 infants at their first birthday; 70 had suffered attacks of pneumonia or bronchitis by that age and made a clinical recovery. Their crying ventilatory function showed no consistent difference from the 480 infants who escaped their illnesses. The reasons for the lack of a difference in crying ventilatory function is discussed.

Bronchitis↗